丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪空肠菌群结构的影响

王远霞; 邹晓庭; 郑有秀; 杨华; 宫玉杰; 刘秀婷; 吕文涛; 肖英平

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.018

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 11: 5128 - 5136

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.018

猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪空肠菌群结构的影响

王远霞 ,
邹晓庭 ,
郑有秀 ,
杨华 ,
宫玉杰 ,
刘秀婷 ,
吕文涛 ,
肖英平

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1. 省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室(筹), 杭州 310021;
2. 浙江农业科学院农产品质量标准研究所, 杭州 310021;
3. 浙江大学动物科学学院, 杭州 310058

王远霞(1996-),女,贵州遵义人,硕士研究生,研究方向为畜禽养殖。E-mail:yxwangjya@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-03-25

网络出版日期: 2020-11-16

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31402083，31972999）

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Effects of Clostridium butyricum on Microbial Community Structure in Jejunum of Weaned Piglets

WANG Yuanxia ,
ZOU Xiaoting ,
ZHENG Youxiu ,
YANG Hua ,
GONG Yujie ,
LIU Xiuting ,
LYU Wentao ,
XIAO Yingping

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1. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products Co-Built by Provincial and Ministry(in Reparation), Hangzhou 310021, China;
2. Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
3. College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Received date: 2020-03-25

Online published: 2020-11-16

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摘要

本试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪空肠菌群结构的影响。试验选取（25±1）日龄、体重（6.24±0.32）kg的健康"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪162头，随机分为3个组，每组3个重复，每个重复18头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂基础饲粮+500 mg/kg （CB500组）、基础饲粮+2 000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌（CB2000组），试验期为30 d。试验结束后，分别从各组取6头猪（每个重复2头）进行屠宰采集空肠内容物，采用高通量测序技术和定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）分析其菌群结构。结果表明：与对照组相比，CB500组、CB2000组断奶仔猪平均体重呈现上升趋势，但无显著差异（P>0.05）。高通量测序结果表明，CB2000组断奶仔猪空肠菌群操作分类单元（OTU）数量和香农指数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。在门水平上，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、广古菌门（Euryarchaeota）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、蓝藻菌门（Cyanobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）为断奶仔猪空肠中的优势菌门；与对照组相比，CB500组和CB2000组拟杆菌门相对丰度均显著上升（P<0.05），广古菌门相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）。在属水平上，SMB53、葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）、迪茨氏菌属（Dietzia）、甲烷短杆菌属（Methanobrevibacter）、乳酸杆菌属（Lactobacillus）、梭菌属（Clostridium）、链球菌属（Streptococcus）、棒状杆菌属（Corynebacterium）、魏斯氏菌属（Weissella）和罗斯氏菌属（Roseburia）为优势菌属。与对照组相比，丁酸梭菌组假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）和埃希氏菌属（Escherichia）等条件致病菌的相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05），而粪球菌属（Coprococcus）、罗斯氏菌属、Butyricicoccus、布劳特氏菌属（Blautia）和瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）等的相对丰度显著升高（P<0.05）。qPCR分析结果表明，与对照组相比，CB500组和CB2000组肠杆菌科和大肠杆菌的相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）。结果提示，丁酸梭菌能够显著提高断奶仔猪空肠的菌群多样性，提高粪球菌属、罗斯氏菌属、Butyricicoccus、布劳特氏菌属和瘤胃球菌属等有利于肠道健康菌属的相对丰度，降低肠杆菌科和假单胞菌属等条件致病菌的相对丰度，从而有效改善仔猪肠道菌群结构。

关键词： 丁酸梭菌; 断奶仔猪; 空肠; 菌群结构

本文引用格式

王远霞 , 邹晓庭 , 郑有秀 , 杨华 , 宫玉杰 , 刘秀婷 , 吕文涛 , 肖英平 . 丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪空肠菌群结构的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(11) : 5128 -5136 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.018

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum on microbial community structure in the jejunum of weaned piglets. A total of 162 (25±1)-day-old healthy Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire piglets with the body weight of (6.24±0.32) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 18 pigs per replicate. Pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet, and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 500 (CB500 group) and 2 000 mg/kg (CB2000 group) Clostridium butyricum, respectively. The trail lasted for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, every 6 piglets (2 pigs in each replicate) from each group were slaughtered and used to collect jejunal contents, and the microbial community structure in jejunum was measured by high-throughput sequencing technology and quantitative PCR (qPCR). The results showed that, compared with the control group, the average body weight of weaned piglets in the CB500 group and CB2000 group had an increasing trend, but had no significant differences (P>0.05). The operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number and Shannon index of microbiota in jejunum of weaned piglets in the CB2000 group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). At phylum level, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Euryarchaeota, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in jejunum of weaned piglets. Compared with the control group, the Bacteroidetes relative abundance in both CB500 group and CB2000 group was significantly increased (P<0.05), whereas the Euryarchaeota relative abundance was significantly decreased (P<0.05). At genus level, SMB53, Staphylococcus, Dietzia, Methanobrevibacter, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Weissella and Roseburia were the dominant genera. Compared with the control group, the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogen such as Pseudomonas and Escherichia was significantly decreased in the Clostridium butyricum groups (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of Coprococcus, Roseburia, Butyricicoccus, Blautia and Ruminococcus was significantly increased (P<0.05). The qPCR analysis showed that the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli in the CB500 group and CB2000 group was significantly reduced compared with the control group (P<0.05). These results indicate that Clostridium butyricum can increase the bacterial diversity in the jejunum of piglets, and effectively improve the intestinal microbial community structure of piglets by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Coprococcus, Roseburia, Butyricicoccus and Blautia, but decreasing the relative abundance of pathogens such as Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas.

Key words： Clostridium butyricum; weaned piglets; jejunum; microbial community structure

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