五倍子单宁酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻和养分消化的影响

苟昌勇; 施晓丽; 孙澄慧; 石靖; 罗志军; 刘丽; 李登赴; 彭珊

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.019

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 11: 5137 - 5144

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.019

猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

五倍子单宁酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻和养分消化的影响

苟昌勇 ,
施晓丽 ,
孙澄慧 ,
石靖 ,
罗志军 ,
刘丽 ,
李登赴 ,
彭珊

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1. 贵州大学动物科学学院, 贵阳 550025;
2. 贵阳倍隆生物科技有限公司, 修文 550200;
3. 贵阳市农业农村局, 贵阳 550081

苟昌勇(1995-),男,贵州赤水人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:1134368793@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-04-27

网络出版日期: 2020-11-16

基金资助

黔科合NZ[2007]3006

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Effects of Gallnut Tannic Acid on Growth Performance, Diarrhea and Nutrient Digestion in Weaned Piglets

GOU Changyong ,
SHI Xiaoli ,
SUN Chenghui ,
SHI Jing ,
LUO Zhijun ,
LIU Li ,
LI Dengfu ,
PENG Shan

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1. College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
2. Gallochem Co., Ltd., Xiuwen 550200, China;
3. Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Guiyang, Guiyang 550081, China

Received date: 2020-04-27

Online published: 2020-11-16

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摘要

本试验旨在研究五倍子单宁酸（GTA）对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻、养分消化和消化酶活性的影响。选取24日龄体重为（7.07±0.06）kg的"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪150头，随机分为5组，每组5个重复，每个重复6头断奶仔猪。对照组仔猪饲喂基础饲粮，试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组仔猪分别饲喂添加抗生素（0.7 mg/kg金霉素和0.22 mg/kg恩拉霉素）以及700、1 200和1 700 mg/kg GTA的试验饲粮。预试期4 d，正试期28 d。结果表明：1）试验Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组平均日增重（ADG）显著高于对照组、试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05），试验Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组间无显著差异（P>0.05），对照组与试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组间亦无显著差异（P>0.05）。饲粮中添加抗生素和GTA均有促进仔猪平均日采食量的趋势（P=0.055）。2）与对照组和试验Ⅰ组相比，添加单宁酸显著降低了仔猪腹泻率、腹泻指数和粪中水分含量（P<0.05），且随着GTA添加量的增加而降低。3）与对照组和试验Ⅰ组相比，试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组间饲粮干物质、总能、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和磷表观消化率无显著差异（P>0.05），饲粮中而添加GTA有增加钙表观消化率的趋势（P=0.070），并且添加剂量为1 200 mg/kg时表观消化率达到最大。4）与对照组和试验Ⅰ组相比，饲粮中添加GTA显著增加了十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性（P<0.05）；饲粮中添加GTA对十二指肠α-淀粉酶（α-AMS）、脂肪酶（LPS）活性无显著影响（P>0.05），对空肠和回肠的胰蛋白酶、α-AMS、LPS活性均无显著影响（P>0.05）。由此可见，饲粮添加GTA增加仔猪采食，减轻仔猪腹泻，提高十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性，促进仔猪生长，且不影响养分消化吸收。断奶仔猪饲粮中GTA适宜添加量为1 700 mg/kg。

关键词： 五倍子单宁酸; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 仔猪腹泻; 养分消化

本文引用格式

苟昌勇 , 施晓丽 , 孙澄慧 , 石靖 , 罗志军 , 刘丽 , 李登赴 , 彭珊 . 五倍子单宁酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻和养分消化的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(11) : 5137 -5144 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.019

Abstract

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Gallnut tannic acid (GTA) on growth performance, diarrhea, nutrient digestion and enzyme activity in weaned piglets. One hundred and fifty (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) 24-day-old weaned piglets with body weight of (7.07±0.06) kg were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 6 piglets per replicate. Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet, and piglets in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotics (0.7 mg/kg aureomycin and 0.22 mg/kg enramycin) and 700, 1 200 and 1 700 mg/kg GTA, respectively. The pre-feeding period lasted for 4 d followed by an experimental period of 28 d. The results showed as follows: 1) the average daily gain (ADG) in groups Ⅰ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in control group, groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ADG between group Ⅰ and group Ⅳ (P>0.05), and there was no significant difference between control group and groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). The experiment also showed that the addition of antibiotics and GTA had a tendency to promote average daily feed intake of piglets (P=0.055). 2) Compared with control group and group Ⅰ, GTA supplementation significantly decreased diarrhea rate, diarrhea index and fecal moisture content with the increase of GTA supplementation (P<0.05). 3) Compared with control group and group Ⅰ, the apparent digestibilities of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein, crude fat and phosphorus in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ had no significant difference (P>0.05). The addition of GTA tended to promote the apparent digestibility of calcium (P=0.070), and the apparent digestibility reached the maximum when supplementation was 1 200 mg/kg. 4) Compared with the control group and group Ⅰ, the duodenal trypsin activity was significantly enhanced by adding GTA (P<0.05), and there were no significant difference in duodenal α-amylase (α-AMS) and lipase (LPS) activities, jejunum and ileum trypsin α-AMS and LPS activities (P>0.05). In conclusion, adding GTA can increase feed intake, alleviate diarrhea, improve duodenal trypsin activity, and cannot impact nutrient digestion. The optimal supplementation level of GTA is 1 700 mg/kg.

Key words： Gallnut tannins acid; weaned piglets; growth performance; diarrhea; apparent digestibility

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