动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 11: 5267 - 5274

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.031

反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

育成期补饲对放牧牛生长性能、体尺指标及血清抗氧化、生化指标的影响

  • 陈浩 ,
  • 王纯洁 ,
  • 斯木吉德 ,
  • 张晨 ,
  • 曹家铭 ,
  • 武思同 ,
  • 徐萍 ,
  • 刘飞鸿 ,
  • 敖日格乐
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  • 1. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院, 呼和浩特 010018;
    2. 内蒙古农业大学兽医学院, 呼和浩特 010018
陈浩(1997-),男,广东梅州人,博士研究生,从事放牧肉牛营养调控研究。E-mail:1120644355@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-04-05

  网络出版日期: 2020-11-16

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0501700）；国家自然科学基金项目（31660677，31772650）；内蒙古自治区草原英才工程项目

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Effects of Supplementary Feeding on Growth Performance, Body Size Indexes and Serum Antioxidant, Biochemical Indexes of Grazing Cows during Growing Period

  • CHEN Hao ,
  • WANG Chunjie ,
  • Simujide ,
  • ZHANG Chen ,
  • CAO Jiaming ,
  • WU Sitong ,
  • XU Ping ,
  • LIU Feihong ,
  • Aorigele
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  • 1. College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
    2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Received date: 2020-04-05

  Online published: 2020-11-16

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摘要

本试验旨在研究育成期补饲对放牧牛生长性能、体尺指标及血清抗氧化、生化指标的影响。试验选用放牧饲养条件下7月龄、平均体重为（211.65±4.25）kg的健康育成期西门塔尔母牛24头，随机分为2组，每组12头牛。放牧组在天然草场自然放牧；补饲组在草场自然放牧的基础上进行精料补饲，精料补饲量在第1~30天为每头牛1.2 kg/d，第31~60天为每头牛1.6 kg/d。预试期8 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）第60天，补饲组的体重、平均日增重和体高均显著高于放牧组（P<0.05）。2）与第1天相比，第60天放牧组的血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著升高（P<0.05），血清丙二醛（MDA）含量、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性差异不显著（P>0.05）。与第1天相比，第60天补饲组的血清MDA含量显著下降（P<0.05），血清T-AOC及GSH-Px、SOD活性均显著升高（P<0.05）。第60天，补饲组的血清T-AOC及GSH-Px、SOD活性均显著高于放牧组（P<0.05），血清MDA含量显著低于放牧组（P<0.05）。3）与第1天相比，第60天补饲组的血清甲状腺素（T4）、葡萄糖（GLU）、生长激素（GH）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）和胰岛素（INS）含量均显著升高（P<0.05）。第60天，补饲组的血清T4、GLU、GH、IGF-1和INS含量均显著高于放牧组（P<0.05）。由此可见，补饲精料可增强放牧饲养条件下育成牛的抗氧化能力和免疫功能，提高血清中生长相关激素含量，有效促进育成牛生长发育。

关键词： 育成牛; 补饲; 抗氧化能力; 体尺; 生长

本文引用格式

陈浩 , 王纯洁 , 斯木吉德 , 张晨 , 曹家铭 , 武思同 , 徐萍 , 刘飞鸿 , 敖日格乐 . 育成期补饲对放牧牛生长性能、体尺指标及血清抗氧化、生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(11) : 5267 -5274 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.031

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of supplementary feeding on growth performance, body size indexes and serum antioxidant, biochemical indexes of grazing cows during growing period. Twenty four 7-months-old healthy Simmental cows during growing period with an average body weight of (211.65±4.25) kg were randomly divided into two groups, each group contained 12 cows. Cows in grazing group were natural grazing in native pasture; cows in supplementary feeding group were natural grazing with concentrate supplementation, the concentrate supplementary amount was 1.2 kg/d per cow during days 1 to 30, and 1.6 kg/d per cow during days 31 to 60. The pre-experimental period lasted for 8 days, and the experimental period lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows: 1) on day 60, the body weight, average daily gain and body height of supplementary feeding group were significantly higher than those of grazing group (P<0.05). 2) Compared with day 1, the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of grazing group on day 60 was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum were no significant difference (P>0.05). Compared with day 1, the serum MDA content of supplementary feeding group on day 60 was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the T-AOC and GSH-Px, SOD activities in serum were significantly increased (P<0.05). On day 60, the T-AOC and GSH-Px, SOD activities in serum of supplementary feeding group were significantly higher than those of grazing group (P<0.05), and the serum MDA content was significantly lower than that of grazing group (P<0.05). 3) Compared with day 1, the contents of thyroid hormone (T4), glucose (GLU), growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin (INS) in serum of supplementary feeding group on day 60 was significantly increased (P<0.05). On day 60, the contents of T4, GLU, GH and IGF-1 in serum of supplementary feeding group were significantly higher than those of grazing group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the supplement of concentrate can enhance the antioxidant ability and immune function of breeding cattle under grazing condition, increase the contents of growth related hormones in serum, and effectively promote the growth and development of breeding cattle.

Key words： breeding cattle; supplementary feeding; antioxidant ability; body size; growth

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