反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

不同粗饲料苜蓿干草和稻秸对湖羊饲喂效果的比较研究

  • 陈希 ,
  • 姜婉茹 ,
  • 高铭谣 ,
  • 谢娜娜 ,
  • 张源淑
展开
  • 南京农业大学动物医学院, 农业部动物生理生化重点开放实验室, 南京 210095
陈希(1989-),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,博士研究生,从事动物机能生物化学研究。E-mail:2017207002@njau.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2020-04-08

  网络出版日期: 2020-11-16

基金资助

十三五重点研发项目专项(2017YFD0500505);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX18_0712)

Comparative Study on Feeding Effect of Different Roughages Alfalfa Hay and Rice Straw on Hu Sheep

  • CHEN Xi ,
  • JIANG Wanru ,
  • GAO Mingyao ,
  • XIE Nana ,
  • ZHANG Yuanshu
Expand
  • Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received date: 2020-04-08

  Online published: 2020-11-16

摘要

粗饲料是反刍动物不可或缺的营养来源,本研究比较了苜蓿干草和稻秸对湖羊的饲喂效果。选取12只体重[(41.25±3.07)kg]相近的健康成年雄性湖羊,随机分为苜蓿干草组(饲粮为精料+苜蓿干草)和稻秸组(饲粮为精料+稻秸),每组6只。2组饲粮精粗比均为60:40,预试期10 d,正试期为28 d。结果显示:1)与饲喂苜蓿干草相比,饲喂稻秸显著降低了湖羊的平均日采食量(P<0.05),但平均日增重和料重比没有显著差异(P>0.05)。2)2组湖羊胸腺、肝脏、脾脏和胰腺指数无显著差异(P>0.05);2组湖羊胰腺、肝脏和脾脏组织均无异常变化。3)与苜蓿干草组相比,稻秸组湖羊血液中谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性极显著降低(P<0.01),葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)含量与谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与饲喂苜蓿干草相比,饲喂稻秸显著降低了湖羊血液中胰岛素(INS)的含量(P<0.05),显著升高了瘦素(LEP)和胆囊收缩素(CCK)的含量(P>0.05),甲状腺素(T4)和皮质醇(COR)含量无显著变化(P>0.05)。由此得出,单独用稻秸代替苜蓿干草作为粗饲料饲喂对湖羊整体健康无影响;饲喂稻秸通过上调湖羊血液中瘦素和胆囊收缩素的含量抑制湖羊的食欲,降低湖羊的采食量。

本文引用格式

陈希 , 姜婉茹 , 高铭谣 , 谢娜娜 , 张源淑 . 不同粗饲料苜蓿干草和稻秸对湖羊饲喂效果的比较研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(11) : 5285 -5292 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.11.033

Abstract

Roughage is an indispensable nutrient source for ruminants. This study compared the feeding effect of alfalfa hay and rice straw on Hu sheep. Twelve healthy adult male Hu sheep with similar body weight [(41.25±3.07) kg] were randomly divided into 2 groups: alfalfa hay group (the diet was composed of concentrate and alfalfa hay) and rice straw group (the diet was composed of concentrate and rice straw), and each group had 6 sheep. The ratio of concentrate to roughage of diets for 2 groups was 60 : 40. There was a pretrial period of 10 days followed by a formal trial period of 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with feeding alfalfa hay, feeding rice straw significantly reduced the average daily feed intake of Hu sheep (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in average daily gain and feed/gain (P>0.05). 2) The thymus, liver, spleen and pancreas indexes of Hu sheep in the 2 groups showed no significant differences (P>0.05); the histological results of the pancreas, liver and spleen of Hu sheep in the 2 groups showed no abnormal changes. 3) Compared with the alfalfa hay group, the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the blood of Hu sheep in the rice straw group were extremely significantly reduced (P<0.01), but there were no significant differences in the contents of glucose (GLU) and triglyceride (TG) and the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P>0.05). 4) Compared with feeding alfalfa hay, feeding rice straw significantly reduced the content of insulin (INS) in the blood of Hu sheep (P<0.05), and significantly increased the contents of leptin (LEP) and cholecystokinin (CCK) (P<0.05), while the contents of thyroxine (T4) and cortisol (COR) showed no significant difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, alone using rice straw instead of alfalfa hay as roughage has no effect on overall health of Hu sheep; feeding rice straw can decrease the feeding intake of Hu sheep through up-regulating the contents LEP and CCK in the blood to suppress the appetite.

参考文献

[1] 王丽,张英杰.几种常用粗饲料在羊生产上的应用[J].中国草食动物科学,2014(增刊):76-78.
[2] 孙娟娟,阿拉木斯,赵金梅,等.6个紫花苜蓿品种氨基酸组成分析及营养价值评价[J].中国农业科学,2019,52(13):2359-2367.
[3] 袁玖,万欣杰,平丽莹,等.不同精粗比和苜蓿水平对饲粮组合效应的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2018,49(2):449-458.
[4] 陈琳.农作物秸秆资源综合利用的战略研究——以农作物秸秆人造板产业化发展为例[D].博士学位论文.南京:南京林业大学,2007.
[5] 王光华.不同添加剂处理包贮稻秸的营养价值评定及其对绵羊生产性能的影响[D].硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学,2018.
[6] 宋琼莉,邹志恒,谢金防,等.稻草和花生藤配合不同精料舍饲育肥羔羊对生产性能的影响[J].中国草食动物,2006,26(1):32-33.
[7] OH S,MBIRIRI D T,RYU C,et al.In vitro and in vivo evaluation of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) as a roughage source for beef cattle[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2018,31(10):1598-1603.  
[8] ZHANG X M,MEDRANO R F,WNAG M,et al.Effects of urea plus nitrate pretreated rice straw and corn oil supplementation on fiber digestibility,nitrogen balance,rumen fermentation,microbiota and methane emissions in goats[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2019,10:6.
[9] 陈万福,杨永军,汤孝禄,等.苜蓿草块饲喂育肥羔羊的试验[J].中国草食动物,2004(增刊):143-144.
[10] 谢小来,高会江,包军,等.不同全混合日粮羔羊育肥试验[J].饲料博览,2004(10):38-40.
[11] 吕明,潘檀,张甜甜,等.补饲苜蓿干草对哺乳奶山羊羔羊生长发育及血浆生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(12):5032-5039.
[12] PAN Y G,LIN W C,LO C T,et al.Effects of substitution of Bermuda grass hay with Trichoderma fermented rice straw on growth,blood,and rumen fluid parameters in Barbados sheep[J].Journal of Applied Animal Research,2018,46(1):1162-1168.  
[13] 祝家东,陈杰,陈帆,等.脱毒棉籽粕对小鼠生长性能、脏器指数及脏器形态的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(5):168-170,266-267.
[14] 宋妍妍,陈代文,余冰,等.高剂量单宁酸对断奶仔猪血液学参数、脏器指数和组织病理学的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(4):1899-1907.
[15] 王欢欢,傅春妮,李元辉,等.壳聚糖硒抗ZEN对断奶仔猪脏器指数、血液生化指标和抗氧化功能的影响[J].现代畜牧兽医,2019(7):29-32.
[16] 刘青,王俊杰,易果,等.泼尼松对小鼠胸腺、脾脏、肝脏脏器指数及肝脏形态学的影响[J].湘南学院学报(医学版),2019,21(3):14-17.
[17] 张建营.发酵豆粕对奶犊牛生长性能、营养物质消化率和血液相关指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.长春:吉林农业大学,2016.
[18] 李亮亮,王伟灵,赵诚,等.血糖及糖化血红蛋白的检测及干扰研究进展[J].医学信息,2019,32(5):43-47.
[19] 张吉鹍,张震宇,吴文旋,等.稻草与苜蓿组合对山羊瘤胃内蛋白微循环效率及增重的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2014,36(5):1097-1102.
[20] 祝超瑜,魏丽,贾伟平.甘油三酯代谢异常与胰岛素抵抗关系的研究进展[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志,2011,27(4):357-359.
[21] 仝静.血清ALT、AST和GGT水平检测在肝脏疾病诊断中的应用价值[J].河南医学研究,2017,26(22):4064-4065.
[22] MINUTI A,ZHOU Z,GRAUGNARD D E,et al.Acute mammary and liver transcriptome responses after an intramammary Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge in postpartal dairy cows[J].Physiological Reports,2015,3(4):e12388.
[23] 努尔斯曼姑丽·努尔买买提.甲状腺激素与心力衰竭关系的研究现状及进展[D].硕士学位论文.重庆:重庆医科大学,2018.
[24] 张艳超.糖尿病前期胰岛素和胰高血糖素检测的临床意义[J].标记免疫分析与临床,2019,26(3):516-519.
[25] 邹彩艳,刘学奎,梁军,等.不同糖代谢状态下体重指数与胰岛β细胞功能的相关性[J].江苏大学学报(医学版),2018,28(6):39-43.
[26] BLACHE D,TELLAM R L,CHAGAS L M,et al.Level of nutrition affects leptin concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in sheep[J].Journal of Endocrinology,2000,165(3):625-37.  
[27] INGVARTSEN K L,BOISCLAIR Y R.Leptin and the regulation of food intake,energy homeostasis and immunity with special focus on periparturient ruminants[J].Domestic Animal Endocrinology,2001,21(4):215-250.  
[28] MORAN T H,BI S.Hyperphagia and obesity in OLETF rats lacking CCK-1 receptors[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2006,361(1471):1211-1218.  
[29] MORAN T H,KINZIG K P.Gastrointestinal satiety signals Ⅱ.Cholecystokinin[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2004,286(2):183-188.  
[30] REHFELD J F.Cholecystokinin-from local gut hormone to ubiquitous messenger[J].Frontiers in Endocrinology,2017,8:47.
[31] GUERVILLE M,HAMILTON M K,RONVEAUX C C,et al.Chronic refined low-fat diet consumption reduces cholecystokinin satiation in rats[J].European Journal of Nutrition,2018,58(6):2497-2510.
文章导航

/