本试验旨在研究湖羊进入青海高海拔地区后血液中促红细胞生成素（EPO）基因表达及血液生理生化指标发生的适应性变化。选择中海拔地区（甘肃省，海拔高度为1 500 m）及高海拔地区（青海省，海拔高度为3 200 m）的舍饲8月龄、体重[（32.11±1.86）kg]相近的湖羊后备母羊各90只，两地各自随机分为3组，每组30只羊，测定不同海拔地区湖羊血液中EPO基因的相对表达量及血液生理生化指标。结果表明：EPO基因在高海拔地区湖羊血液中的相对表达量显著高于中海拔地区湖羊（P<0.05）；高海拔地区湖羊血液红细胞数量（RBC）、血红蛋白浓度（HGB）、红细胞压积（HCT）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）较中海拔地区湖羊依次增加了36.23%、45.94%、58.34%、23.65%（P<0.05），白细胞数量（WBC）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）、血小板数量（PLT）、血小板平均体积（MPV）较中海拔地区湖羊依次降低了27.33%、11.68%、18.27%、6.20%（P<0.05）；高海拔地区湖羊血清谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性和葡萄糖（Glu）含量较中海拔地区湖羊依次增加了10.71%、16.80%、62.72%（P<0.05），血清总胆固醇（TC）含量较中海拔地区湖羊降低了33.22%（P<0.05）；高海拔地区湖羊血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性以及总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和丙二醛（MDA）含量依次是中海拔地区湖羊的5.99、2.35、4.10、1.49倍（P<0.05）。综上所述，养殖在青海高海拔地区的湖羊血液中EPO基因的表达、血液生理生化指标均表现出了适应性变化，表明湖羊具有适应高海拔环境的潜力。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the adaptive changes of erythropoietin (EPO) gene expression and blood physiological and biochemical indexes in the blood of Hu sheep after entering high-altitude area in Qinghai. Ninety 8-month-old Hu sheep reserve ewes with 8-month-old and similar body weight [(32.11±1.86) kg] in mid-altitude area (Gansu province, 1 500 m) and high-altitude area (Qinghai province, 3 200 m) were selected, respectively. The Hu sheep in that two places were randomly divided into 3 groups with 30 sheep in each group, respectively. The EPO gene expression and blood physiological and biochemical indexes of Hu sheep in different altitude areas were measured. The result showed that the relative expression level of EPO gene in blood of Hu sheep in the high-altitude area was higher than that of Hu sheep in the mid-altitude area (P<0.05); the blood red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (HGB), hematocrit (HCT) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of Hu sheep in the high-altitude area were respectively increased by 36.23%, 45.94%, 58.34% and 23.65% (P<0.05), and the white blood cell count (WBC), mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet count (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were respectively reduced by 27.33%, 11.68%, 18.27% and 6.20% (P<0.05) compared with the mid-altitude area. The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the content of glucose (Glu) of Hu sheep in the high-altitude area were respectively increased by 10.71%, 16.80% and 62.72% (P<0.05), and the serum total cholesterol (TC) content was reduced by 33.22% compared with the middle-altitude area (P<0.05); the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum of Hu sheep in the high-altitude area were 5.99, 2.35, 4.10, 1.49 times higher than those of Hu sheep in the mid-altitude area (P<0.05), respectively. In summary, Hu sheep raised in the high-altitude area of Qinghai show adaptive changes in the blood EPO gene expression, blood physiological and biochemical indexes, indicating that Hu sheep have the potential to adapt to high-altitude environment.