本试验旨在获得广谱高效的霉菌毒素吸附剂。采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）对钠基蒙脱石（Na-MMT）进行改性，对CTAB改性蒙脱石（CTAB-MMT）采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线多晶衍射（XRD）仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）仪进行表征分析，并通过体外吸附试验评价其对霉菌毒素的吸附效果。结果显示：制备CTAB-MMT的最佳工艺条件为CTAB浓度2.4%，反应温度60℃，反应时间2 h，pH 11。与钙基蒙脱石（Ca-MMT）、Na-MMT相比，CTAB-MMT呈颗粒状，表面粗糙，有孔洞出现；d₀₀₁值增大，层间距变大；CTAB-MMT的FTIR图谱中在1 462、2 850、2 929 cm^-1附近出现了吸收峰；CTAB-MMT对黄曲霉毒素B₁、玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和伏马毒素B₁的吸附率极显著高于Ca-MMT （P<0.01），对玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的吸附率极显著高于Na-MMT （P<0.01）。由此可见，CTAB-MMT对霉菌毒素具有更强、更广泛的吸附能力，是比较理想的霉菌素素吸附剂。

The aim of this experiment was to obtain a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency mycotoxin adsorbent through modification of sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer were used to analyze the structure of CTAB modified montmorillonite (CTAB-MMT), and the absorption effect of the CTAB-MMT to mycotoxins was evaluated in vitro. The results showed that the optimum conditions for preparing CTAB-MMT were CTAB concentration 2.4%, reaction temperature 60 ℃, reaction time 2 h and pH 11. Compared with calcium montmorillonite (Ca-MMT) and Na-MMT, the CTAB-MMT was granular, with a rough surface and pores. The d₀₀₁ value was higher and the interlayer spacing was larger in CTAB-MMT than those of Ca-MMT and Na-MMT. The absorption peaks of CTAB-MMT in the FTIR pattern were appeared around 1 462, 2 850 and 2 929 cm^-1, respectively. The adsorption rates of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonision B₁ (FB₁) by CTAB-MMT were significantly higher than those by Ca-MMT (P<0.01), and the adsorption rates of DON and ZEN by CTAB-MMT were significantly higher than those by Na-MMT (P<0.01). It is concluded that CTAB-MMT has stronger and more extensive adsorption capacity for mycotoxins, which is a potential mycotoxin adsorbent.