猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

酸汤对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫性能、抗氧化性能及肠道微生物区系的影响

  • 卢盛勇 ,
  • 陈胜昌 ,
  • 张滔滔 ,
  • 陆小萝 ,
  • 李景上 ,
  • 李海霞
展开
  • 贵州大学动物科学学院, 贵阳 550025
卢盛勇(1994-),男,贵州关岭人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:3239245713@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-07-07

  网络出版日期: 2021-02-04

基金资助

贵州省科技厅科技支撑计划项目——德江复兴猪的保种及优质产业化技术研究(黔科合支撑[2018]2279)

Effects of Sour Soup on Growth Performance, Immune Performance, Antioxidant Performance and Intestinal Microflora of Weaned Piglets

  • LU Shengyong ,
  • CHEN Shengchang ,
  • ZHANG Taotao ,
  • LU Xiaoluo ,
  • LI Jingshang ,
  • LI Haixia
Expand
  • College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Received date: 2020-07-07

  Online published: 2021-02-04

Supported by

 

摘要

本试验旨在研究酸汤对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫性能、抗氧化性能及肠道微生物区系的影响。试验选用31日龄、体重[(5.34±0.86) kg]相近、健康的断奶仔猪45头,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复3头。试验Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别在基础饲粮的基础上添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%的酸汤。预试期7 d,正试期40 d。结果表明:试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组的平均日增重(ADG)显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅴ组的腹泻率显著低于试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅴ组血清免疫球蛋白G (IgG)的含量为2.86 g/L,显著高于试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅴ组血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅳ组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于其余各组(P<0.05);试验Ⅳ组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅴ组空肠绒隐比显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);饲粮中添加酸汤有增加盲肠厚壁菌门相对丰度、降低拟杆菌门相对丰度的趋势,试验Ⅳ组盲肠乳杆菌属相对丰度显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。综上可知,饲粮中添加适量酸汤能提高断奶仔猪的生长性能、免疫性能以及抗氧化性能,一定程度上促进小肠形态发育以及改善盲肠菌群结构,可作为断奶仔猪饲料添加剂。

本文引用格式

卢盛勇 , 陈胜昌 , 张滔滔 , 陆小萝 , 李景上 , 李海霞 . 酸汤对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫性能、抗氧化性能及肠道微生物区系的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(2) : 769 -778 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.02.018

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to explore the effects of sour soup on growth performance, immune performance, antioxidant performance and intestinal microflora of weaned piglets. Forty-five healthy weaned piglets at the age of 31 days with body weight of (5.34±0.86) kg were randomly divided into 5 groups and each group had 3 replicates with 3 piglets per replicate. Piglets in trial group Ⅰ as the control group were fed a basal diet, while those in trial groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were fed diets adding with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% sour soup based on the basal diet, respectively. The preliminary test was 7 d and the formal test was 40 d. The results showed that average daily gain (ADG) in trial groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in trial group Ⅰ (P<0.05). The diarrhea rate in trial group Ⅴ was significantly lower than that in trial groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05). The content of serum immune globulin G (IgG) in trial group Ⅴ was 2.86 g/L and significantly higher than that in trial groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). The activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) in trial group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in trial groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05). The activity of serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in trial group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). The content of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in trial group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05). The villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in trial group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in trial group Ⅰ (P<0.05). Dietary supplemented with sour soup had an increasing trend on Firmicutes relative abundance and had a decreasing trend on Bacteroidetes relative abundance. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus in cecum in trial group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in trial group Ⅰ (P<0.05). Based on above results, adding proper amount of sour soup into diets can improve the growth performance, immune performance and antioxidant performance of weaned piglets, promote the small intestine morphological development and improve the cecum microflora structure of weaned piglets in some extent. Furthermore, sour soup can be used as feed additive of weaned piglets.

参考文献

[1] LIU Y H,ESPINOSA C D,ABELILLA J J,et al.Non-antibiotic feed additives in diets for pigs:a review[J].Animal Nutrition,2018,4(2):113-125.  
[2] 黄遵锡,程志斌.饲粮不同添加量的凝结芽孢杆菌对仔猪生长性能及肠道健康的影响[J].饲料工业,2020,41(15):1-7. HUANG Z X,CHENG Z B.Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotic Bacillus coagulans at various dosages on the growth performance and gut health in weanling piglets[J].Feed Industry,2020,41(15):1-7.(in Chinese)
[3] 石敏,张文学,袁玮,等."凯里米酸汤"发酵过程中主要微生物及营养成分研究[J].中国调味品,2014,39(9):16-19. SHI M,ZHANG W X,YUAN W,et al.Research on main microorganisms and nutrient in "Kaili Sour Rice Soup" in the fermentation process[J].China Condiment,2014,39(9):16-19.(in Chinese)
[4] 李建慧.日粮中添加酸制剂对肉仔鸡生长性能及肠道健康的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2013,40(3):100-102. LI J H.Effect of acidifier on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens[J].China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2013,40(3):100-103.(in Chinese)
[5] EDGAR R C.UPARSE:highly accurate OTU sequences from microbial amplicon reads[J].Nature Methods,2013,10(10):996-998.  
[6] BOKULICH N A,SUBRAMANIAN S,FAITH J J,et al.Quality-filtering vastly improves diversity estimates from Illumina amplicon sequencing[J].Nature Methods,2013,10(1):57-59.  
[7] WALSH M C,SHOLLY D M,HINSON R B,et al.Effects of water and diet acidification with and without antibiotics on weanling pig growth and microbial shedding[J].Journal of Animal Science,2007,85(7):1799-1808.  
[8] GUGGENBUHL P,SÉON A,QUINTANA A P,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with benzoic acid (VevoVitall) on the zootechnical performance,the gastrointestinal microflora and the ileal digestibility of the young pig[J].Livestock Science,2007,108(1/2/3):218-221.
[9] GRILLI E,MESSINA M R,TEDESCHI M,et al.Feeding a microencapsulated blend of organic acids and nature identical compounds to weaning pigs improved growth performance and intestinal metabolism[J].Livestock Science,2010,133(1/2/3):173-175.
[10] HALAS D,HANSEN C F,HAMPSON D J,et al.Dietary supplementation with benzoic acid improves apparent ileal digestibility of total nitrogen and increases villous height and caecal microbial diversity in weaner pigs[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2010,160(3/4):134-147.
[11] HAN Y S,TANG C H,ZHAO Q Y,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with combinations of organic and medium chain fatty acids as replacements for chlortetracycline on growth performance,serum immunity,and fecal microbiota of weaned piglets[J].Livestock Science,2018,216:210-218.
[12] LONG S F,XU Y T,PAN L,et al.Mixed organic acids as antibiotic substitutes improve performance,serum immunity,intestinal morphology and microbiota for weaned piglets[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2018,235:23-32.
[13] AHMED S T,HWANG J A,HOON J,et al.Comparison of single and blend acidifiers as alternative to antibiotics on growth performance,fecal microflora,and humoral immunity in weaned piglets[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(1):93-100.  
[14] HE W Q,RAHIMNEJAD S,WANG L,et al.Effects of organic acids and essential oils blend on growth,gut microbiota,immune response and disease resistance of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) against Vibrio parahaemolyticus[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2017,70:164-137.
[15] 张玲玲.有机酸与植物精油微囊缓释制剂对断奶仔猪生长及肠道健康的影响[D].硕士学位论文.杭州:浙江农林大学,2018. ZHANG L L.Effects of organic acld and essential oil growth performance and intestinal health in weaned piglets[D].Master's Thesis.Hangzhou:Zhejiang A&F University,2018.(in Chinese)
[16] 郭骥.不同猪舍环境与饲粮添加复合酸化剂对母猪生产性能及抗氧化能力的影响[D].硕士学位论文.广州:华南农业大学,2016. GUO J.Effects of differrent rearing environment and dietary supplementation with compound acidifier on reproductive performance and antioxidant capacity of multiparous sows[D].Master's Thesis.Guangzhou:South China Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[17] 刘文辉.复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、抗氧化功能及内分泌功能等的影响[D].硕士学位论文.福州:福建农林大学,2013. LIU W H.Effects of supplemental acidifiers on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and hormone levels in weaned piglets[D].Master's Thesis.Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2013.(in Chinese)
[18] 卫旭彪,张璐璐,马广,等.酵母菌对猪肠道绒毛、隐窝及菌群的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(4):61-64. WEI X B,ZHANG L L,MA G,et al.Effects of yeasts on intestinal villus,crypt and flora in pigs[J].Feed Industry,2016,37(4):61-64.(in Chinese)
[19] CASPARY W F.Physiology and pathophysiology of intestinal absorption[J].The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1992,55(Suppl.1):299S-308S.
[20] HÖGBERG A,LINDBERG J E.The effect of level and type of cereal non-starch polysaccharides on the performance,nutrient utilization and gut environment of pigs around weaning[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2006,127(3/4):200-219.
[21] RISLEY C R,KORNEGAY E T,LINDEMANN M D,et al.Effect of feeding organic acids on selected intestinal content measurements at varying times postweaning in pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1992,70(1):196-206.  
[22] PENDERS J,STOBBERINGH E E,VAN DEN BRANDT P A,et al.The role of the intestinal microbiota in the development of atopic disorders[J].Allergy,2007,62(11):1223-1236.  
[23] CHAO A,MA M C,YANG M C K.Stopping rules and estimation for recapture debugging with unequal failure rates[J].Biometrika,1993,80(1):193-201.  
[24] SHANNON C E.A mathematical theory of communication[J].Bell System Technical Journal,1948,27(4):623-656.  
[25] CHAO A N.Nonparametric estimation of the number of classes in a population[J].Scandinavian Journal of Statistics,1984,11(4):265-270.
[26] SIMPSON E H.Measurement of diversity[J].Nature,1949,163(4148):688.
[27] 姚继明,孟秀丽,吕锋,等.复合有机酸酸化剂对断奶仔猪生长性能及其肠道微生物菌群的影响[J].饲料工业,2017,38(2):11-16. YAO J M,MENG X L,LYU F,et al.The influences of compound organic acid acidifier in the growth performance and intestinal flora of weaned piglets[J].Feed Industry,2017,38(2):11-16.(in Chinese)
[28] 汪海峰,陈海霞,章文明,等.复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪生产性能和肠道微生物区系的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(11):49-53. WANG H F,CHEN H X,ZHANG W M,et al.Effects of compound acidifiers on growth performance and intestinal microbial communities of weaned piglets[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2011,47(11):49-53.(in Chinese)
[29] WHITEHEAD T R,COTTA M A.Characterisation and comparison of microbial populations in swine faeces and manure storage pits by 16S rDNA gene sequence analyses[J].Anaerobe,2001,7(4):181-187.  
[30] OWENS B,TUCKER L,COLLINS M A,et al.Effects of different feed additives alone or in combination on broiler performance,gut microflora and ileal histology[J].British Poultry Science,2008,49(2):202-212.  
[31] AI-KASSI A G,MOHSSEN M A.Comparative study between single organic acid effect and synergistic organic acid effect on broilerper formance[J].Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,2009,8(6):896-899.  
[32] BARNES E M,IMPEY C S.The isolation and properties of the predominant anaerobic bacteria in the caeca of chickens and turkeys[J].British of Poultry Science,1990,11(4):468-481.
[33] 曹志华,郑传发,张桥.复合酸化剂对肉鸡空肠有害菌群定植定量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2005(4):88-90. CAO Z H,ZHENG C F,ZHANG Q.Effects of complex acidifier on colonization and quanta of Eseherichia coli & Salmonella typhi in Avian's jejunum[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2005(4):88-90.(in Chinese)
[34] 李小飞,王为民,郑秋红,等.微生态制剂替代抗生素对猪生产性能和胃肠道微生物数量的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2008,40(10):55-57. LI X F,WANG W M,ZHENG Q H,et al.Effects of microecological agents replacing antibiotics on growth performance and gastrointestinal microflora in pigs[J].Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2008,40(10):55-57.(in Chinese)
文章导航

/