动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 2: 1173 - 1183

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.02.058

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

母牛舔舐对新生犊牛行为及血清应激和免疫指标的影响

  • 靳爽 ,
  • 李聪聪 ,
  • 顾宪红
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  • 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
靳爽(1995-),女,河北廊坊人,硕士研究生,从事畜禽应激与健康养殖研究。E-mail:shuangjinjs@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-07-06

  网络出版日期: 2021-02-04

基金资助

奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目（BAIC06-2020）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-IAS07）；国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0502003）

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Effects of Cows’ Licking on Behavior, Serum Stress and Immunity Parameters of Newborn Calves

  • JIN Shuang ,
  • LI Congcong ,
  • GU Xianhong
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  • State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2020-07-06

  Online published: 2021-02-04

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摘要

本试验旨在研究母牛舔舐对新生犊牛行为及血清应激和免疫指标的影响。选取30头初生重相近的健康荷斯坦母犊牛，依据其出生后被母牛舔舐的时长分为2组，每组15头。对照组（Con组）犊牛出生后仅被舔舐几下或没被舔舐，舔舐组（Lick组）犊牛出生后被舔舐15~20 min。录像记录犊牛被舔舐之后24 h的行为，检测犊牛被舔舐之后0和24 h血清应激激素和免疫相关细胞因子含量。结果表明：1） Lick组犊牛进入犊牛舍后初次成功站立用时有低于Con组的趋势（P=0.056），Lick组犊牛进入犊牛舍后在初次尝试站立至成功站立期间的尝试站立次数有低于Con组犊牛的趋势（P=0.094），Lick组犊牛初次尝试站立至成功站立用时显著短于Con组（P<0.05）。2） Lick组犊牛采食初乳时站立时长占总采食时长的比例有高于Con组的趋势（P=0.068），Lick组犊牛躺卧时长占总采食时长的比例有低于Con组的趋势（P=0.068）。3）采食初乳前后，Lick组犊牛站立时长和次数显著高于Con组（P<0.05），躺卧时长显著低于Con组（P<0.05），行走时长和次数显著高于Con组（P<0.05），探索时长有高于Con组的趋势（0.05≤P<0.10），探索次数显著高于Con组（P<0.05）。4）被舔舐之后0 h，Lick组犊牛血清皮质醇含量显著低于Con组（P<0.05）。在被舔舐后24 h，Lick组犊牛血清白细胞介素-2含量有低于Con组的趋势（P=0.097），白细胞介素-6含量显著低于Con组（P<0.05）。综上所述，母牛分娩后对新生犊牛进行15~20 min的舔舐可以降低犊牛的应激水平，增强新生犊牛的活力，同时使犊牛更为活跃。

关键词： 舔舐; 新生犊牛; 行为; 免疫

本文引用格式

靳爽 , 李聪聪 , 顾宪红 . 母牛舔舐对新生犊牛行为及血清应激和免疫指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(2) : 1173 -1183 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.02.058

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of cows' licking on behavior, serum stress and immunity parameters of newborn calves. Thirty healthy Holstein female calves with similar birth weight were selected and divided into two groups according to the durations of the calves were licked by the cows after birth, each group contained 15 calves. Calves in the control group (Con group) were licked only a few times or not being licked, and calves in the licked group (Lick group) were licked for 15 to 20 minutes after birth. The behaviors of calves during the 24 hours after being licked were recorded by video recording, and the serum stress hormone and immune cytokines contents at 0 and 24 hours after being licked were measured. The results showed as follows: 1) the time of first successful standing after the calves enter the house of calves in the Lick group was tended to be lower than that in the Con group (P=0.056), the standing attempt times between the first standing attempt to the first successful standing of calves in the Lick group was tended to be lower than that in the Con group (P=0.094), and the time from the first standing attempt to successful standing of calves in the Lick group was significantly shorter than that in the Con group (P<0.05). 2) The proportion of standing duration to total duration of colostrum intake of calves in the Lick group was tended to be higher than that in the Con group (P=0.068), and the proportion of lying duration to total duration of colostrum intake of calves in the Lick group was tended to be lower than that in the Con group (P=0.068). 3) Before and after colostrum intake, the standing duration and times of calves in the Lick group were significantly higher than that in the Con group (P<0.05), the lying duration was significantly lower than that in the Con group (P<0.05), the walking duration and times were significantly higher than that in the Con group (P<0.05), the exploring duration was tended to be higher than that in the Con group (0.05≤P<0.10), and the exploring times was significantly higher than that of the Con group (P<0.05). 4) At 0 h after licking, the serum cortisol content of calves in the Lick group was significantly lower than that in the Con group (P<0.05). At 24 h after licking, the serum interleukin-2 content of calves in the Lick group was tended to be lower than that in the Con group (P=0.097), and the serum interleukin-6 content was significantly lower than that in the Con group (P<0.05). In conclusion, newborn calves being licked for 15 to 20 minutes by their dams after delivery can reduce their stress level, enhance their vitality, and being more active.

Key words： licking; newborn calves; behavior; immune

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