动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 9: 5108 - 5118

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.09.031

反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

不同长度秸秆对妊娠后期母羊生理代谢及其子代羔羊生长性能的影响

  • 常潇 ,
  • 房义 ,
  • 向海 ,
  • 贺志雄 ,
  • 吴端钦 ,
  • 钟荣珍
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  • 1. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 吉林省草地畜牧重点实验室, 长春 130102;
    2. 中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院, 北京 100049;
    3. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 长沙 410125;
    4. 中国农业科学院麻类研究所, 长沙 410225
常潇(1998-),男,河南安阳人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail:changxiao@iga.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2021-02-24

  网络出版日期: 2021-09-18

基金资助

中国科学院STS计划重点项目（KFJ-STS-ZDTP-075）；中科院战略先导专项A子课题（XDA23070503）；中国科学院青年创新促进会优秀会员人才专项（Y201949）

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Effects of Different Lengths of Straws on Late Gestation Ewe's Physiological Metabolism and Growth Performance of Their Offspring Lambs

  • CHANG Xiao ,
  • FANG Yi ,
  • XIANG Hai ,
  • HE Zhixiong ,
  • WU Duanqin ,
  • ZHONG Rongzhen
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  • 1. Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
    2. College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
    4. Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410225, China

Received date: 2021-02-24

  Online published: 2021-09-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究不同长度秸秆作为粗饲料对妊娠后期母羊采食量、体重、行为、瘤胃发酵、血浆生化指标与激素水平和子代羔羊初生重及平均日增重的影响。选择健康、胎次相同（头胎）、体重[（34.42±2.91）kg]相近、妊娠90~95 d的湖羊母羊72只，随机分为3组（每组3个重复，每个重复8只羊，每个重复怀单、双羔的母羊各4只），分别饲喂由不同长度（1、2和3 cm）秸秆（油菜秸秆、小麦秸秆、大豆荚皮按照重量等比例混合）作为粗饲料配制的全混合日粮（TMR），精粗比为4：6。预试期7 d，正试期90 d。结果表明：妊娠后期母羊各阶段干物质采食量（P<0.001）以及产羔当日（P=0.033）和产后30 d的体重（P<0.001）随着秸秆长度的增加呈现显著的线性增加趋势。秸秆长度对妊娠后期母羊采食、饮水、卧息和反刍时长均有显著影响（P<0.001），随着秸秆长度的增加，母羊的采食和饮水时长降低，而卧息和反刍时长则增加。随着秸秆长度的增加，母羊瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度显著降低（P<0.001），同时pH和氨态氮浓度显著增加（P<0.001），但乙丙比没有显著变化（P=0.090）。秸秆长度显著影响母羊血浆总蛋白（P<0.001）、球蛋白（P<0.001）、尿素氮（P<0.001）和甘油三酯含量（P<0.001），随着秸秆长度的增加，妊娠后期母羊血浆总蛋白和球蛋白含量均升高，甘油三酯含量降低，而尿素氮含量则先降低后升高。双羔的初生重（P<0.001）以及单羔（P=0.004）和双羔的平均日增重（P<0.001）均随秸秆长度的增加而显著线性增加。综上所述，饲喂不同长度秸秆影响妊娠后期母羊的行为、瘤胃发酵和血浆生化指标及子代羔羊初生重和平均日增重，2~3 cm秸秆的饲喂效果优于1 cm秸秆。

关键词： 农作物秸秆; 切碎长度; 瘤胃发酵; 羔羊生长; 孕母羊

本文引用格式

常潇 , 房义 , 向海 , 贺志雄 , 吴端钦 , 钟荣珍 . 不同长度秸秆对妊娠后期母羊生理代谢及其子代羔羊生长性能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(9) : 5108 -5118 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.09.031

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of different lengths of straws on late gestation ewe's feed intake, behavior, rumen fermentation, plasma biochemical indices and birthweight and average daily gain of their offspring lambs. Seventy-two healthy late gestation ewes with the same parity (first), similar body weight[(34.42±2.91) kg] and similar pregnancy days (90 to 95 days) were divided into 3 groups (3 replication per group, 8 ewes per replication, 4 ewes with single lambs and 4 ewes with twin lambs in each replication) and fed with different lengths (1, 2 and 3 cm) of mixed straws (rape straw, wheat straw and soybean pod with the same weight percentages) as roughage formulated total mixed ration (TMR). The diet of concentrate to roughage was 4:6. The experiment concluded 7 days of pre-trial period and 90 days of formal trial period. The results showed as follows:with the straw length increasing, the dry matter intake (P<0.001) in each stage and body weight at lambing day (P=0.033) and 30 d after lambing (P<0.001) of late gestation ewes showed significantly linear increasing trend. Straw length had significant effects on intake, drinking, resting and ruminating time (P<0.001), and the intake and drinking time decreased, whereas the resting and ruminating time increased with the straw length increasing. With the straw length increasing, the rumen fluid total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration was significantly decreased (P<0.001), and the pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration were significantly increased (P<0.001), but the acetate:propionate had no significant change (P=0.090). Straw length had significant effects on plasma total protein (TP) (P<0.001), globulin (GLB) (P<0.001), urea nitrogen (UN) (P<0.001) and triglyceride (TG) contents (P<0.001). With the straw length increasing, the plasma TP and GLB contents were increased, the plasma TG content was decreased, and the plasma UN content was firstly decreased and then increased. The birthweight of twin lambs (P<0.001) and the average daily gain of single lambs (P=0.004) and twin lambs (P<0.001) were significantly linearly increased. In conclusion, feeding different lengths of straws affect late gestation ewe's behavior, rumen fermentation, plasma biochemical indices and the birthweight and average daily gain of their offspring lambs. Feeding effects of 2 to 3 cm straw were better than those of 1 cm straw.

Key words： crop straw; cut length; rumen fermentation; lamb growth; pregnant ewes

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