动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 9: 5182 - 5192

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.09.038

水产动物营养与饲料 AQUATIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED

酵母培养物替代鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态结构的影响

  • 卞宇豪 ,
  • 许晓莹 ,
  • 段志鹏 ,
  • 孙中超 ,
  • 刘江英 ,
  • 李小勤 ,
  • 冷向军
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  • 1. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院水产科学国家级教学示范中心, 上海 201306;
    2. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院农业部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心, 上海 201306;
    3. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心, 上海 201306;
    4. 上海源耀生物股份有限公司, 上海 200000
卞宇豪(1996-),男,江苏南京人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水产动物营养。E-mail:1137101080@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-03-01

  网络出版日期: 2021-09-18

基金资助

国家重点研发计划"蓝色粮仓科技创新——水产养殖动物新型蛋白源开发与高效饲料研制"（2019YFD0900203）

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Effects of Replacing Fish Meal with Yeast Culture on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Intestinal Morphology of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

  • BIAN Yuhao ,
  • XU Xiaoying ,
  • DUAN Zhipeng ,
  • SUN Zhongchao ,
  • LIU Jiangying ,
  • LI Xiaoqin ,
  • LENG Xiangjun
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  • 1. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2. Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    3. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    4. Shanghai Yuanyao Biological Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China

Received date: 2021-03-01

  Online published: 2021-09-18

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摘要

本试验旨在探究酵母培养物替代鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态结构的影响。用酵母培养物（粗蛋白质含量为55%）分别替代对照组饲料（鱼粉含量为35%）中不同比例的鱼粉，配制成4种等氮等脂的试验饲料，其鱼粉含量依次为35%、30%、25%、20%，分别记为FM-35（对照）、FM-30、FM-25、FM-20，将300尾初始平均体重为（21.2±0.1）g的大口黑鲈分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复25尾鱼，投喂8周。结果表明：FM-30和FM-25组的增重率和饲料系数与对照组相比无显著差异（P>0.05），但FM-20组的增重率与对照组相比下降8.97%（P<0.05），饲料系数增加0.10（P<0.05）。各组在全鱼成分（水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分）上无显著差异（P>0.05）；FM-30和FM-25组的蛋白质沉积率、脂肪沉积率和对照组相比无显著差异（P>0.05），但FM-25和FM-20组的干物质表观消化率、粗蛋白质表观消化率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。在血清生化指标方面，除FM-25组血清谷草转氨酶活性和FM-20组血清溶菌酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）外，各组的其他指标和对照组相比无显著差异（P>0.05）。在前肠形态学方面，以酵母培养物替代鱼粉后，肠绒毛宽度显著降低（P<0.05），FM-25和FM-20组的肠绒毛高度和FM-25组的肌层厚度均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。以上结果表明，在鱼粉含量为35%的饲料中，酵母培养物可以替代100 g/kg的鱼粉（鱼粉含量降至25%），不会影响大口黑鲈的生长性能、营养物质利用率、抗氧化能力、非特异性免疫和肠道健康。

关键词： 大口黑鲈; 酵母培养物; 生长性能; 营养物质利用; 血清生化; 肠道形态结构

本文引用格式

卞宇豪 , 许晓莹 , 段志鹏 , 孙中超 , 刘江英 , 李小勤 , 冷向军 . 酵母培养物替代鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态结构的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(9) : 5182 -5192 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.09.038

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing fish meal with yeast culture on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, and intestinal morphology of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated with yeast culture (crude protein content of 55%) inclusion to decrease dietary fish meal from 35% (the control diet) to 30%, 25% and 20%, referring to FM-35 (control), FM-30, FM-25 and FM-20, respectively. The total of 300 largemouth bass with an initial average weight of (21.2±0.1) g were randomly divided into four groups and reared for 8 weeks. Each group had 3 replicates, and each replicate contained 25 fish. The results showed that the weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in FM-30 and FM-25 groups presented similar performance to the control (P>0.05), but FM-20 group had significantly lower weight gain and higher feed coefficient than the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in whole body composition (moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, ash) among all the groups (P>0.05). The protein retention and lipid retention in FM-30 and FM-25 groups showed no difference with the control group (P>0.05), but the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein in FM-25 and FM-20 groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). In serum biochemical indexes, there were no significant differences between the yeast culture groups and the control group (P>0.05), except that the glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity in FM-25 group and lysozyme activity in FM-20 group were higher than in the control group (P<0.05). In foregut morphology, the replacement of fish meal with yeast culture significantly decreased intestinal villus width (P<0.05), while the intestinal villus height in FM-25 and FM-20 groups and muscle thickness in FM-25 group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of yeast culture can decrease dietary fish meal from 35% to 25% without negatively affecting the growth, feed utilization, antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity and intestinal health of largemouth bass.

Key words： largemouth bass; yeast culture; growth performance; nutrient utilization; serum biochemistry; intestinal morphology

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