动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 9: 5332 - 5344

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.09.052

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

低蛋白质饲粮添加蛋白酶对肉仔鸡生长性能、肝脏生长基因及雷帕霉素靶蛋白信号通路基因表达的影响

  • 张静静 ,
  • 郑旭 ,
  • 李玥 ,
  • 朱随亮 ,
  • 王世琼 ,
  • 张薇 ,
  • 乔英英 ,
  • 刘长忠 ,
  • 王志祥
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  • 1. 河南农业大学动物科技学院, 郑州 450002;
    2. 河南科技学院, 新乡 453003
张静静(1994-),女,河南上蔡人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:312278412@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-02-11

  网络出版日期: 2021-09-18

基金资助

中原科技创新领军人才计划项目基金（204200510010）

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Effects of Protease Supplementation in Low Protein Diet on Growth Performance, Liver Growth Gene and Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway Gene Expression of Broilers

  • ZHANG Jingjing ,
  • ZHENG Xu ,
  • LI Yue ,
  • ZHU Suiliang ,
  • WANG Shiqiong ,
  • ZHANG Wei ,
  • QIAO Yinging ,
  • LIU Changzhong ,
  • WANG Zhixiang
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
    2. Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China

Received date: 2021-02-11

  Online published: 2021-09-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮添加蛋白酶对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏关键生长基因及雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR）信号通路基因表达的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加（AA）白羽肉仔鸡324只，随机分为3个组，每组6个重复，每个重复18只鸡（公母各占1/2）。对照组饲喂基础饲粮（前期粗蛋白质水平为23%，后期粗蛋白质水平为20%）；低蛋白质组（前期粗蛋白质水平为21%，后期粗蛋白质水平为18%）补充L-赖氨酸盐酸盐、DL-蛋氨酸和L-苏氨酸达到AA肉仔鸡饲养标准；低蛋白质加酶组在低蛋白质组饲粮基础上添加500 mg/kg蛋白酶（酶活性为30 000 U/g）。试验期42 d。结果表明：1）低蛋白质加酶组肉仔鸡21和42日龄体重及1~21日龄和1~42日龄平均日增重（ADG）显著高于低蛋白质组（P<0.05），且1~21日龄ADG显著高于对照组（P<0.05），1~21日龄料重比显著低于对照组和低蛋白质组（P<0.05）。2）低蛋白质组和低蛋白质加酶组肉仔鸡血清尿酸含量均显著低于对照组（P<0.05），低蛋白质加酶组血清尿素氮含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05），低蛋白质组血清总胆固醇含量显著高于对照组和低蛋白质加酶组（P<0.05）。3）低蛋白质加酶组肉仔鸡肝脏中胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1（IGFBP1）基因的表达量显著低于对照组和低蛋白质组（P<0.05），肝脏中胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）、生长激素（GH）和生长激素受体（GHR）基因的表达量显著高于低蛋白质组（P<0.05）。4）低蛋白质加酶组肉仔鸡胸肌率和腿肌率以及胸肌或腿肌中TOR、核糖体蛋白S6激酶β1（S6K1）和真核翻译起始因子4E结合蛋白1（4E-BP1）基因的表达量显著高于低蛋白质组（P<0.05）。综上所述，低蛋白质饲粮添加蛋白酶能够提高肉仔鸡肝脏关键生长基因及TOR信号通路相关基因的表达水平，促进蛋白质的合成代谢，增加骨骼肌蛋白质沉积，从而改善肉仔鸡生长性能。

关键词： 肉仔鸡; 低蛋白质饲粮; 蛋白酶; 肝脏生长基因; TOR信号通路基因

本文引用格式

张静静 , 郑旭 , 李玥 , 朱随亮 , 王世琼 , 张薇 , 乔英英 , 刘长忠 , 王志祥 . 低蛋白质饲粮添加蛋白酶对肉仔鸡生长性能、肝脏生长基因及雷帕霉素靶蛋白信号通路基因表达的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(9) : 5332 -5344 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.09.052

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of protease supplementation in low protein diet on the growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, liver key growth gene and target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway gene expression of broilers. A total of 324 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 18 broilers per replicate (half male and half female). Birds in the control group were fed a basal diet (the crude protein level was 23% in the early stage and 20% in the late stage); the diet in the low protein group (the crude protein level was 21% in the early stage and 18% in the late stage) was supplemented with L-Lys·HCl, DL-Met and L-Thr to meet the feeding standard for AA broilers; and the diet in the low protein plus enzyme group was supplemented with 500 mg/kg protease (enzyme activity was 30 000 U/g) on the basis of the low protein group. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) the body weight of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age and the average daily gain (ADG) from 1 to 21 days of age and 1 to 42 days of age in the low protein plus enzyme group were significantly higher than those in the low protein group (P<0.05), the ADG from 1 to 21 days of age was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly lower than that in the control group and the low protein group (P<0.05). 2) The serum uric acid content of broilers in the low protein group and the low protein plus enzyme group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), the serum urea nitrogen content in the low protein plus enzyme group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the serum total cholesterol content in the low protein group was significantly higher than that in the control group and the low protein plus enzyme group (P<0.05). 3) The expression level of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) gene in liver of broilers in the low protein plus enzyme group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the low protein group (P<0.05), while the expression levels of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ), growth hormone (GH) and growth hormone receptor (GHR) genes in liver in the low protein plus enzyme group were significantly higher than those in the low protein group (P<0.05). 4) The rates of chest muscle and leg muscle and the expression levels of TOR, ribosomal protein S6 kinase β1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) genes in chest muscle and leg muscle of broilers in the low protein plus enzyme group were significantly higher than those in the low protein group (P<0.05). In summary, the low protein diet supplemented with protease can increase the expression levels of liver key growth genes and genes related to TOR signaling pathway, promote the protein synthesis and metabolism, increase the protein deposition in skeletal muscle, and improve the growth performance of broilers.

Key words： broilers; low protein diet; protease; liver growth genes; TOR signaling pathway genes

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