研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

发酵小麦麸对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、免疫功能及粪便菌群的影响

  • 方静 ,
  • 石宝明 ,
  • 何威 ,
  • 秦小童 ,
  • 王亮 ,
  • 王富辰 ,
  • 孟庆维
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  • 东北农业大学动物营养研究所, 哈尔滨 150030
方静(1997-),女,安徽宣城人,硕士研究生,畜牧专业。E-mail:18855039390@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-06-20

  网络出版日期: 2022-01-18

基金资助

国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501101);黑龙江省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(JQ2019C002)

Effects of Fermented Wheat Bran on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Immune Function and Fecal Microbiota of Weaned Piglets

  • FANG Jing ,
  • SHI Baoming ,
  • HE Wei ,
  • QIN Xiaotong ,
  • WANG Liang ,
  • WANG Fuchen ,
  • MENG Qingwei
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  • Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Received date: 2021-06-20

  Online published: 2022-01-18

摘要

本试验旨在研究发酵小麦麸对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、免疫功能及粪便菌群的影响。将12头35日龄的断奶仔猪随机分为2组(对照组和发酵组),每组6头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(含有10%未发酵小麦麸),发酵组饲喂以发酵小麦麸替代基础饲粮中未发酵小麦麸的试验饲粮。预试期3 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,发酵组平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,发酵组干物质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、能量和磷的表观消化率无显著差异(P>0.05),粗蛋白质和钙的表观消化率有提高的趋势(P=0.099)。3)发酵组血浆中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),而免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。4)发酵组粪便中毛螺菌属(Lachnospira)、克雷白氏杆菌属(Klebsiella)、PelomonasSphingopyxis、镰刀菌属(Fusicatenibacter)的相对丰度较对照组显著提高(P<0.05),镰孢菌属(Catenisphaera)和醋酸杆菌属(Acetitomaculum)的相对丰度较对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加10%发酵小麦麸可显著提高断奶仔猪免疫功能,调节肠道菌群,而对生长性能及养分表观消化率没有负面影响。

本文引用格式

方静 , 石宝明 , 何威 , 秦小童 , 王亮 , 王富辰 , 孟庆维 . 发酵小麦麸对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、免疫功能及粪便菌群的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(1) : 150 -158 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.016

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of fermented wheat bran on the growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, immune function and fecal microbiota of weaned piglets. Twelve healthy 35-day-old weaned piglets were randomly divided into two groups with 6 pigs per group (n=6). Piglets in control group were fed a basal diet, and those in fermentation group were fed a test diet with 10% fermented wheat bran instead of unfermented wheat bran in the basal diet. The pre-trial period lasted for 3 days and the experimental period lasted for 28 days. The results are as follows:1) compared with the control group, the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed to gain ratio (F/G) of the fermentation group were not significantly different (P>0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of the dry matter (DM), crude fat (EE), crude fiber (CF), energy and phosphorus (P) in the fermentation group (P>0.05), while the apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) and calcium (Ca) in the fermentation group tended to increase compared with the control group (P=0.099). 3) The contents of plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the fermentation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), while the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) content in the fermentation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). 4) The relative abundances of Lachnospira, Klebsiella, Pelomonas, Sphingopyxis and Fusicatenibacter of feces in the fermentation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), while the relative abundances of Catenisphaera and Acetitomaculum of feces in the fermentation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). In summary, adding 10% fermented wheat bran to the diet can significantly improve the immune function of piglets and regulate the intestinal flora without adversely affecting growth performance and nutrient apparent digestibility.

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