动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 1: 264 - 273

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.025

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

组合蛋白酶对肉仔鸡采食偏好性、血清生化指标和肠道组织形态的影响

  • 王鑫鑫 ,
  • 李茜茜 ,
  • 吕毅 ,
  • 马文锋 ,
  • 武晓红 ,
  • 赵芙蓉
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  • 河南科技大学动物科技学院, 洛阳 471023
王鑫鑫(1997-),男,河南孟州人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:842771197@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-06-18

  网络出版日期: 2022-01-18

基金资助

国家重点研发计划专项(2018YFD0500600)

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Effects of Combinatorial Protease on Feed Intake Preference, Serum Biochemical Indices and Intestinal Tissue Morphology of Broilers

  • WANG Xinxin ,
  • LI Xixi ,
  • LYU Yi ,
  • MA Wenfeng ,
  • WU Xiaohong ,
  • ZHAO Furong
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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China

Received date: 2021-06-18

  Online published: 2022-01-18

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摘要

本试验旨在探讨组合蛋白酶对肉仔鸡采食偏好性、血清生化指标和肠道组织形态的影响。试验1采用自由选择试验法，选择1日龄体况相近、健康的爱拔益加（AA）肉仔鸡40只，随机分为4个处理，每个处理10只鸡。4个处理的肉鸡同时饲喂基础饲粮（饲粮Ⅰ）以及在基础饲粮中分别添加4（饲粮Ⅱ）、8（饲粮Ⅲ）和12 U/g（饲粮Ⅳ）组合蛋白酶的饲粮，测定肉仔鸡对不同饲粮的采食偏好性。试验2采用单因素完全随机试验设计，选择1日龄体况相近、健康的AA肉仔鸡240只，随机分为4个组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。对照组（Ⅰ组）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组（Ⅱ~Ⅳ组）分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加4、8和12 U/g组合蛋白酶的饲粮，测定肉仔鸡血清生化指标和肠道组织形态。试验鸡自由采食和饮水，2个试验期均为42 d。结果表明：1）各处理肉仔鸡对4种饲粮的耗料量、采食次数、总采食时间和每顿采食时间之间均无显著差异（P>0.05）；但22~42日龄，肉仔鸡对饲粮Ⅱ的采食百分比显著高于其他3种饲粮（P<0.05）。2）1~21日龄，Ⅳ组肉仔鸡血清总蛋白（TP）、球蛋白（GLB）、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；22~42日龄，Ⅲ组肉仔鸡血清TP和GLB含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ组血清甲状腺素含量显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。3）Ⅱ组肉仔鸡空肠和十二指肠隐窝深度显著低于Ⅲ组（P<0.05），空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）值显著高于Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组（P<0.05），十二指肠V/C值显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）；但与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅱ组回肠绒毛高度显著降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，肉仔鸡仅在其生长后期（22~42日龄）对添加4 U/g组合蛋白酶的饲粮表现出采食偏好性；饲粮添加12 U/g组合蛋白酶改善了21日龄肉仔鸡机体脂类合成，增强了免疫力；饲粮添加8 U/g组合蛋白酶显著提高了42日龄肉仔鸡血清TP和GLB含量；饲粮添加4 U/g组合蛋白酶可以改善或维持肉仔鸡肠道组织形态。综合考量，本试验中组合蛋白酶的适宜添加量为8 U/g。

关键词： 组合蛋白酶; 肉仔鸡; 采食偏好性; 血清生化指标; 肠道组织形态

本文引用格式

王鑫鑫 , 李茜茜 , 吕毅 , 马文锋 , 武晓红 , 赵芙蓉 . 组合蛋白酶对肉仔鸡采食偏好性、血清生化指标和肠道组织形态的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(1) : 264 -273 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.025

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of combinatorial protease on feed intake preference, serum biochemical indices and intestinal tissue morphology of broilers. In experiment 1, a total of 40 healthy Arbor Acres (AA) broilers at 1 day of age with similar body condition were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 10 broilers in each treatment. Broilers in four treatments were fed a basal diet (diet Ⅰ) and the basal diet supplemented with 4 (diet Ⅱ), 8 (diet Ⅲ) and 12 U/g (diet Ⅳ) combinatorial protease at the same time. And the feed intake preference of broilers to different diets was measured. In experiment 2, a total of 240 healthy AA broilers at 1 day of age with similar body condition were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control group (group Ⅰ) were fed a basal diet, and those in the experimental groups (groups Ⅱ to Ⅳ) were fed the basal diet supplemented with 4, 8 and 12 U/g combinatorial protease, respectively. And the serum biochemical indices and intestinal tissue morphology of broilers were measured. The chickens were free to eat and drink, and both experiments lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences in feed consumption, feed intake times, total feed intake time and feed intake time per meal of 4 kinds of diets among broilers in all treatments (P>0.05). From 22 to 42 days of age, the feed intake percentage of diet Ⅱ for broilers was significantly higher than that of the other three diets (P<0.05). 2) From 1 to 21 days of age, the serum contents of total protein (TP), globulin (GLB), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of broilers in group Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). From 22 to 42 days of age, the serum contents of TP and GLB of broilers in group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and the serum thyroxine content in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). 3) The crypt depth in jejunum and duodenum of broilers in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅲ (P<0.05), the villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C) in jejunum was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05), and V/C in duodenum was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). But compared with group Ⅰ, the villus height in ileum in group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, broilers only showed a feed intake preference to the diet supplemented with 4 U/g combinatorial protease at the later growth period (22 to 42 days of age); dietary 12 U/g combinatorial protease can improve lipid synthesis and enhance immunity of broilers at 21 days of age; dietary 8 U/g combinatorial protease can significantly increase the contents of TP and GLB in serum of broilers at 42 days of age; and dietary 4 U/g combinatorial protease can improve or maintain the intestinal tissue morphology of broilers. The optimum supplemental level of combinatorial protease is 8 U/g in this experiment after comprehensive consideration.

Key words： combinatorial protease; broilers; feed intake preference; serum biochemical indices; intestinal tissue morphology

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