动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 1: 274 - 284

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.026

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

膨化亚麻籽对北京油鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、血浆生化指标、抗氧化能力和肌肉n-3多不饱和脂肪酸沉积量的影响

  • 赵丹阳 ,
  • 李香月 ,
  • 姚婷 ,
  • 杨晓伟 ,
  • 史艳艳 ,
  • 李军国 ,
  • 商方方 ,
  • 谷旭
展开
  • 1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业农村部动物产品质量安全饲料源性因子风险评估实验室, 北京 100081;
    2. 北京市饲料监察所, 北京 100110;
    3. 天津市农业生态环境监测与农产品质量检测中心, 天津 300193
赵丹阳(1994-),女,河北沧州人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料加工研究。E-mail:zhaodanyang@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-06-06

  网络出版日期: 2022-01-18

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0900200);北京市家禽产业创新团队(BAIC04-2021)

收起

Effects of Extruded Flaxseed on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Plasma Biochemical Indexes, Antioxidant Capacity and Muscle n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Deposition of Beijing Fatty Chicken

  • ZHAO Danyang ,
  • LI Xiangyue ,
  • YAO Ting ,
  • YANG Xiaowei ,
  • SHI Yanyan ,
  • LI Junguo ,
  • SHANG Fangfang ,
  • GU Xu
Expand
  • 1. Agriculture and Rural Ministry Quality and Safety Risk Evaluation Laboratory of Feed and Feed Additives for Animal Husbandry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. Beijing Institute of Feed Control, Beijing 100110, China;
    3. Tianjin Agricultural Ecological Environment Monitoring and Agricultural Product Quality Testing Center, Tianjin 300193, China

Received date: 2021-06-06

  Online published: 2022-01-18

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加膨化亚麻籽对北京油鸡的生长性能、屠宰性能、血浆生化指标及肌肉n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）沉积量的影响。试验选取10周龄北京油鸡（雌鸡）450只，随机分为5组，每组6个重复，每个重复15只鸡，试验期8周。在基础饲粮中分别添加0（阴性对照）、9%的亚麻籽（阳性对照）及9%、12%、15%的膨化亚麻籽，制成5种试验饲粮，分别命名为E0、F9、E9、E12、E15。结果表明：1）E9组生长性能和屠宰性能与F9组相比无显著差异（P>0.05）。与E0组相比，添加膨化亚麻籽对北京油鸡生长性能和屠宰性能均无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）与F9组相比，E9组血浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性和丙二醛（MDA）的含量差异不显著（P>0.05）。相比于E0组，添加膨化亚麻籽显著降低北京油鸡肌肉中SOD的活性（P<0.05），同时显著提高血浆MDA的含量（P<0.05）。3）E12组肌肉中n-3PUFA沉积量最高，为（2.16±0.97）g/kg，是E0组5.68倍，且显著高于E0组（P<0.05），但与F9组无显著差异（P>0.05）。由此可见，亚麻籽膨化后可以显著提高n-3PUFA的沉积量，但相同添加量的亚麻籽和膨化亚麻籽对n-3PUFA的沉积量的影响没有显著差异；综合生产工序及成本，不建议使用膨化亚麻籽作为生产富含n-3PUFA鸡肉的油鸡饲料原料。

关键词： 膨化亚麻籽; 北京油鸡; 生长性能; 抗氧化能力; n-3PUFA

本文引用格式

赵丹阳 , 李香月 , 姚婷 , 杨晓伟 , 史艳艳 , 李军国 , 商方方 , 谷旭 . 膨化亚麻籽对北京油鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、血浆生化指标、抗氧化能力和肌肉n-3多不饱和脂肪酸沉积量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(1) : 274 -284 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.026

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of expanded flaxseed on growth performance, slaughter performance, plasma biochemical indexes, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) deposition of Beijing fatty chickens. Four hundred and fifty 10-week-old Beijing fatty chickens (female) were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. Five experimental diets, named E0, F9, E9, E12 and E15, were prepared by adding 0 (negative control), 9% flaxseed (positive control) and 9%, 12% and 15% expanded flaxseed in the basal diet, respectively. The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences in growth performance and slaughter performance between E9 group and F9 group (P>0.05). Compared with E0 group, expanded flaxseed supplementation had no effects on growth performance and slaughter performance of Beijing fatty chickens (P>0.05). 2) Compared with F9 group, there were no significant differences in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in E9 group (P>0.05). Compared with E0 group, the addition of expanded flaxseed significantly decreased the activity of SOD and increased the content of MDA in muscle of Beijing fatty chickens (P<0.05). 3) When the puffed flaxseed supplemental level was 12%, the highest n-3PUFA deposition in muscle was (2.16±0.97) g/kg, which was 5.68 times higher than that in control group (P<0.05), but had no difference with that in F9 group (P>0.05). In conclusion, flaxseed expansion can significantly increase the deposition amount of n-3PUFA, but there is no significant difference in the deposition amount of n-3PUFA between flaxseed and expanded flaxseed with the same addition amount. Considering the production process and cost, it is not recommended to use expanded flaxseed as the feed material for the production of chicken with high n-3PUFA content.

Key words： extruded flaxseed; Beijing fatty chicken; growth performance; antioxidant capacity; n-3PUFA

参考文献

[1] BEMILLER J,WHISTLER R.Industrial gums[M].3rd ed.New York:Academic Press,1992.
[2] SINGH K K,MRIDULA D,REHAL J,et al.Flaxseed:a potential source of food,feed and fiber[J].Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,2011,51(3):210-222.  
[3] KAJLA P,SHARMA A,SOOD D R.Flaxseed-a potential functional food source[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2015,52(4):1857-1871.  
[4] BEKHIT A E D A,SHAVANDI A,JODJAJA T,et al.Flaxseed:composition,detoxification, utilization,and opportunities[J].Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology,2018,13:129-152.
[5] 孙中义.亚麻籽饲用研究进展[J].中国麻业科学,2010,32(1):37-41,44. SUN Z Y.Research progress on application of flaxseed as feed[J].Plant Fiber Sciences in China,2010,32(1):37-41,44.(in Chinese)
[6] 赵丹阳.亚麻籽对北京油鸡生长性能、肉品质和n-3PUFA沉积规律的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2020. ZHAO D Y.Effect of flaxseed on growth performance,meat quality and n-3PUFA deposition of Beijing You chicken[D].Master's Thesis.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2020.(in Chinese)
[7] 李庆仁,杨宏志,李静.亚麻籽脱毒工艺研究[J].农产品加工,2011(7):74-76. LI Q R,YANG H Z,LI J.Detoxification of flaxseed[J].Academic Periodical of Farm Products Processing,2011(7):74-76.(in Chinese)
[8] 孙兰萍,许晖.亚麻籽生氰糖苷的研究进展[J].中国油脂,2007,32(10):24-27. SUN L P,XU H.Research progress on flaxseed cyanogenetic glycoside[J].China Oils and Fats,2007,32(10):24-27.(in Chinese)
[9] 宋春芳,韩献生.亚麻籽脱毒方法研究进展[J].粮食与油脂,2009(2):9-10. SONG C F,HAN X S.Research and development of flaxseed detoxification[J].Cereals & Oils,2009(2):9-10.(in Chinese)
[10] RUBIN C.Extrusion technology for the production of modified flours[J].Food Market Technol,2010,24(1):20-22.
[11] 秦毅,王金荣,乔汉桢,等.挤压膨化对玉米、大豆和亚麻籽营养品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2020,41(16):13-17. QIN Y,WANG J R,QIAO H Z,et al.Effects of extrusion on the nutritional quality of corn, soybean and flaxseed[J].Feed Industry,2020,41(16):13-17.(in Chinese)
[12] 赵桂苹,陈继兰,文杰,等.北京油鸡品种资源特性描述[J].中国家禽,2005,27(23):49-50. ZHAO G P,CHEN J L,WEN J,et al.Breed characteristic description of Beijing fatty chicken[J].China Poultry,2005,27(23):49-50.(in Chinese)
[13] 刘华贵,徐淑芳.北京油鸡及其开发利用[J].家畜生态,2001,22(4):50-52. LIU H G,XU S F.Beijing fatty chicken and their development and utilization[J].Acta Ecologae Animalis Domastici,2001,22(4):50-52.(in Chinese)
[14] 谢欣梅.亚麻籽在动物饲料中的应用潜力[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2005,20(5):530-532. XIE X M.The potential application of flexseed on the animal's feeds[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities(Natural Sciences Edition),2005,20(5):530-532.(in Chinese)
[15] 赵丹阳,吴雨珊,李军国,等.饲粮添加亚麻籽和维生素E对北京油鸡肌肉n-3多不饱和脂肪酸富集和抗氧化特性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(11):5243-5254. ZHAO D Y,WU Y S,LI J G,et al.Effects of adding flaxseed and vitamin E in diets on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids enrichment and antioxidant properties of muscle in Beijing fatty chicken[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2020,32(11):5243-5254.(in Chinese)
[16] 林霖雨,田川尧,蔡锋隆,等.膨化亚麻籽对育肥猪生长性能和血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2020,43(7):24-26. LIN L Y,TIAN C Y,CAI F L,et al.Effects of expanded flaxseed on growth performance and blood biochemical indices of finishing pigs[J].Feed Research,2020,43(7):24-26.(in Chinese)
[17] 黄玉兰,杨焕民,李祥辉.亚麻籽对AA肉鸡生产性能及胴体品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010(17):81-83. HUANG Y L,YANG H M,LI X H.Effects of flaxseed on performance and carcass quality of AA broilers[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2010(17):81-83.(in Chinese)
[18] 李樵锋,张伟伦,罗颖,等.玉米赤霉烯酮对蛋鸡肝脏损伤作用的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2021(11):92-95+153. LI Q F,ZHANG W L,LUO Y,et al.Study on the effect of zearalenone on liver damage in laying hens[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2021(11):92-95,153.(in Chinese)
[19] BARK L J,STAHLY T S,CROMWELL G L,et al.Influence of genetic capacity for lean tissue growth on rate and efficiency of tissue accretion in pigs fed ractopamine[J].Journal of Animal Science,1992,70(11):3391-3400.  
[20] 董雪梅,陈松根,何丽华,等.134名放射诊疗工作人员脂质过氧化水平调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2015,24(6):624-625. DONG X M,CHEN S G,HE L H,et al.Lipid peroxidation level in 134 radiological workers[J].Chinese Journal of Radiological Health,2015,24(6):624-625.(in Chinese)
[21] 兰园淞,高文,廖海涛,等.超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛和内皮素在大鼠压疮模型损伤中的表达及作用[J].护理学报,2017,24(9):1-6. LAN Y S,GAO W,LIAO H T,et al.Expression and role of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and endothelin in rat model of pressure ulcer injury[J].Journal of Nursing,2017,24(9):1-6.(in Chinese)
[22] 吕宏迪,郝少君,王希东,等.心脑宁片对心肌缺血大鼠血清肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、丙二醛及超氧化物歧化酶水平的影响[J].河北中医,2014,36(9):1385-1387. LV H D,HAO S J,WANG X D,et al.Investigation of Xinnaoning tablet on serum CK,LDH and MDA,SOD levels in myocardial ischemia rats[J].Hebei Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2014,36(9):1385-1387.(in Chinese)
[23] GARG M L,WOOD L G,SINGH H,et al.Means of delivering recommended levels of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human diets[J].Journal of Food Science,2006,71(5):R66-R71.
[24] ANJUM F M,HAIDER M F,KHAN M I,et al.Impact of extruded flaxseed meal supplemented diet on growth performance,oxidative stability and quality of broiler meat and meat products[J].Lipids in Health and Disease,2013,12:13.
[25] 任迎春,蔡锋隆,秦蕾,等.膨化亚麻籽对肉鸡生产性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2019(22):124-127. REN Y C,CAI F L,QIN L,et al.Effects of extruded flax seed on performance and slaughter performance of broilers[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2019(22):124-127.(in Chinese)
[26] 赵慧敏,倪海星,王铁岗.亚麻籽对肉鸡生长、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响[J].中国饲料,2019(18):85-88. ZHAO H M,NI H X,WANG T G.Effects of flaxseed meal on growth performance,slaughter traits and meat quality of broilers[J].China Feed,2019(18):85-88.(in Chinese)
[27] 邓波,门小明,吴杰,等.亚麻籽对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉质和脂肪酸组成的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(9):4024-4032. DENG B,MEN X M,WU J,et al.Effect of flaxseed on growth performance,carcass traits,meat quality and fatty acid composition of growing finishing pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(9):4024-4032.(in Chinese)
[28] 宋春芳,李栋,王曙光,等.亚麻籽挤压膨化脱毒的工艺优化[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(10):130-133. SONG C F,LI D,WANG S G,et al.Optimizion of detoxification technology for extruding flaxseed[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2006,22(10):130-133.(in Chinese)
[29] 张红,张军,龚道清,等.溧阳鸡屠宰性能研究[J].中国家禽,2004,26(19):31-32. ZHANG H,ZHANG J,GONG D Q,et al.Study on slaughter performance of Liyang chicken[J].China Poultry,2004,26(19):31-32.(in Chinese)
[30] 闫小芳,高春文.鸡肝变性综合症的防治探讨[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2013,32(3):121-122. YAN X F,GAO C W.Discussion on prevention and treatment of chicken liver degeneration syndrome[J].Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2013,32(3):121-122.(in Chinese)
[31] 陈权,夏俊花,ALBERT NAKIELSKI.利用中草药的保肝功效提高家禽健康[J].国外畜牧学(猪与禽),2019,39(3):42-45. CHEN Q,XIA J H,ALBERT NAKIELSKI.Improving poultry health with the hepatoprotective effects of herbal extracts[J].Animal Science Abroad(Pigs and Poultry),2019,39(3):42-45.(in Chinese)
[32] 习羽,方璧君,徐晶云,等.维生素A和维生素K3对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、肝脏指数和脂质代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2021,33(7):3863-3872. XI Y,FANG B J,XU J Y,et al.Effects of vitamin A and vitamin K3 on performance,egg quality,liver index and lipid metabolism of laying hens during later laying period[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2021,33(7):3863-3872.(in Chinese)
[33] 秦蕾,蔡锋隆,田川尧,等.日粮中添加膨化亚麻籽对肉鸡血清生化指标的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2020(9):110-113,117. QIN L,CAI F L,TIAN C Y,et al.Effects of expanded flaxseed on serum biochemical parameters in broilers[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2020(9):110-113,117.
[34] 陈秀丽,李连彬,岳洪源,等.裂殖壶菌粉对鸡蛋品质与蛋黄n-3 PUFA含量的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(23):66-70. CHEN X L,LI L B,YUE H Y,et al.Effect of schizochytrium limacinum on egg quality and content of n-3 PUFA in egg yolk[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2014,50(23):66-70.(in Chinese)
[35] 陈芳,万霞,赵娜,等.日粮中添加菜籽饼和亚麻籽饼对鹌鹑产蛋性能对鹌鹑产蛋性能、血清生化指标、蛋品质及蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响[J].中国家禽,2019,41(9):38-43. CHEN F,WAN X,ZHAO N,et al.Effect of dietary rapeseed cake and linseed cake on egg production performance,serum biochemical indexes,egg quality and fatty acids composition in egg yolk of laying quail[J].China Poultry,2019,41(9):38-43.(in Chinese)
[36] 武晓红.亚麻油对肉仔鸡肉品质和脂肪代谢的影响及调控[D].博士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012. WU X H.Effect and regulation of linseed oil on meat quality and fat metabolism of broilers[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2012.(in Chinese)
[37] 余婕,王定发,周源,等.亚麻籽和茶多酚对肉鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、血液抗氧化能力和肌肉不饱和脂肪酸含量的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2018,33(10):78-83. YU J,WANG D F,ZHOU Y,et al.Effects of dietary flaxseed and tea polyphenols on growth performance,slaughter performance,antioxidant ability and unsaturated fatty acid content in muscle of meat duck[J].Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2018,33(10):78-83.(in Chinese)
[38] 刘利晓.富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸鸡肉的研究[D].硕士学位论文.武汉:华中农业大学,2007. LIU L X.Study on producing of chicken meat enriched in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids[D].Master's Thesis.Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2007.(in Chinese)
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2