动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 1: 285 - 296

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.027

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

库存稻糙米对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响

  • 何贝贝 ,
  • 李爱科 ,
  • 刘宽博 ,
  • 施晶晶 ,
  • 范寰 ,
  • 闫峻 ,
  • 成俊林 ,
  • 王永伟
展开
  • 1. 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食品质营养研究所, 北京 102629;
    2. 天津市农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 天津 300380
何贝贝(1990-),女,甘肃静宁人,助理研究员,博士,从事饲料资源开发与应用效果评价研究。E-mail:hbb@ags.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2021-05-16

  网络出版日期: 2022-01-18

基金资助

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项"库存稻谷饲用营养价值评定及在畜禽上的应用(ZX1925)"

收起

Effects of Stored Brown Rice on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Broilers

  • HE Beibei ,
  • LI Aike ,
  • LIU Kuanbo ,
  • SHI Jingjing ,
  • FAN Huan ,
  • YAN Jun ,
  • CHENG Junlin ,
  • WANG Yongwei
Expand
  • 1. Institute of Grain Quality and Nutrition Research, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 102629, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjing 300380, China

Received date: 2021-05-16

  Online published: 2022-01-18

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究库存稻糙米对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加（AA）雄性肉鸡210只，随机分为5组，每组6个重复，每个重复7只鸡。对照组（CON组）饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮，4个稻糙米组分别用黑龙江粮库储存1年（H1组）或6年（H6组）的粳稻糙米、安徽粮库储存1年（A1组）或4年（A4组）的中晚籼稻糙米，100%替代基础饲粮中的玉米。试验期42 d。结果表明：1）与CON组相比，4种库存稻糙米对21、42日龄肉鸡的生长性能和免疫器官指数，42日龄肉鸡的屠宰性能、胸肌和腿肌pH、熟肉率均无显著影响（P>0.05），仅A1和A4组42日龄肉鸡胸肌的滴水损失显著升高（P<0.05）。2）与CON组相比，4种库存稻糙米显著降低了21日龄肉鸡血清白蛋白（ALB）含量（P<0.05）；H1和H6组21日龄肉鸡血清总蛋白（TP）和总胆固醇（TC）含量显著降低（P<0.05）。与CON和A1组相比，A4组21日龄肉鸡血清TP含量显著降低（P<0.05）。3）与CON组相比，4种库存稻糙米显著升高了21、42日龄肉鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、总超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性（P<0.05），显著降低了丙二醛（MDA）含量（P<0.05）。与H1组相比，H6组21、42日龄肉鸡血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）、SOD活性显著降低（P<0.05），MDA含量显著升高（P<0.05）。A1和A4组之间21、42日龄肉鸡血清抗氧化指标无显著差异（P>0.05）。4）与CON组相比，4种库存稻糙米显著升高了21日龄肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和42日龄肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白M（IgM）含量（P<0.05）。H6组42日龄肉鸡血清IgG和IgM含量显著低于H1组（P<0.05），而A1和A4组肉鸡血清免疫指标无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上可知：1）与储存1年的稻糙米相比，黑龙江粮库储存6年的粳稻糙米降低了肉鸡的血清抗氧化和免疫功能，安徽粮库储存4年的中晚籼稻糙米降低了肉鸡生长前期血清中TP的含量。2）品质良好的库存稻糙米替代玉米对肉鸡的生长性能、免疫器官指数、屠宰性能和肉品质无显著影响，可作为安全优质的能量饲料原料用于肉鸡饲粮配方。

关键词： 库存稻糙米; 肉鸡; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 肉品质; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

何贝贝 , 李爱科 , 刘宽博 , 施晶晶 , 范寰 , 闫峻 , 成俊林 , 王永伟 . 库存稻糙米对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(1) : 285 -296 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.027

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of stored brown rice on growth performance, immune organ indexes, slaughter performance, meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of broilers. A total of 210 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 7 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control group (CON group) were fed a corn-soybean meal type basal diet, and those in the four brown rice groups were fed japonica brown rice stored in Heilongjiang granaries for 1 year (H1 group) or 6 years (H6 group), and medium late indica brown rice stored in Anhui granaries for 1 year (A1 group) or 4 years (A4 group), respectively, to replace 100% corn in the basal diet for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences in growth performance and immune organ indexes of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age between the CON group and four brown rice groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in slaughter performance, pH and cooking loss of breast muscle and leg muscle of broilers at 42 days of age between the CON group and four brown rice groups (P>0.05), but the drip loss of breast muscle in A1 and A6 groups was significantly higher than that in the CON group (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the CON group, the content of serum albumin (ALB) of broilers at 21 days of age was significantly decreased in four brown rice groups (P<0.05), and the contents of serum total protein (TP) and total cholesterol (TC) of broilers at 21 days of age were significantly decreased in H1 and H6 groups (P<0.05). The content of serum TP of broilers at 21 days of age in A4 group was significantly lower than that in CON and A1 groups (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the CON group, the activities of serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age were significantly increased (P<0.05) and the content of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly decreased in four brown rice groups (P<0.05). The activities of serum catalase (CAT) and SOD of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age in H6 group were significantly lower than those in H1 group (P<0.05), while the content of serum MDA was significantly higher than that in H1 group (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in serum antioxidant indexes between A1 and A4 groups at 21 and 42 days of age (P>0.05). 4) Compared with the CON group, the contents of serum IgA at 21 days of age and IgM at 42 days of age were significantly increased in four brown rice groups (P<0.05). The contents of serum IgG and IgM in H6 group were significantly lower than those in H1 group (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in serum immune indexes between A1 and A4 groups (P>0.05). In conclusion:1) compared with brown rice stored for one year, japonica brown rice stored for six years in Heilongjiang granaries reduces the serum antioxidant and immune functions of broilers, while medium late indica brown rice stored for four years in Anhui granaries reduces the contents of serum TP of broilers in early growth stage. 2) The substitution of good quality stored brown rice for corn has no significant effect on growth performance, immune organ indexes, slaughter performance and meat quality of broilers, which can be used as safe and high-quality energy feedstuff for broilers' feed formula.

Key words： stored brown rice; broilers; growth performance; slaughter performance; meat quality; serum biochemical indexes

参考文献

[1] 刘笑然.新形势下粮食去库存对策研究[J].农业经济与管理,2017(1):36-45. LIU X R.Countermeasure research on running down grain stocks in new situation[J].Agricultural Economics and Management,2017(1):36-45.(in Chinese)
[2] 佚名.中国饲料成分及营养价值表(2019年第30版)[J].中国饲料,2019(22):111-116. Anon.Tables of feed composition and nutritive in china (thirty edition,2019)[J].China Feed,2019(22):111-116.(in Chinese)
[3] YAGAMI K,TAKADA R.Dietary rice improves growth performance,mucosal enzyme activities and plasma urea nitrogen in weaning piglets[J].Animal Science Journal,2017,88(12):2010-2015.  
[4] SAIKRISHNA A,DUTTA S,SUBRAMANIAN V,et al.Ageing of rice:a review[J].Journal of Cereal Science,2018,81:161-170.
[5] GRUBER-DORNINGER C,JENKINS T,SCHATZMAYR G.Global mycotoxin occurrence in feed:a ten-year survey[J].Toxins,2019,11(7):375.
[6] 崔小燕,王树满,袁建敏,等.不同储存期玉米对肉鸡免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(4):849-855. CUI X Y,WANG S M,YUAN J M,et al.Maize at different storage periods:effects on immune function of broilers[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2013,25(4):849-855.(in Chinese)
[7] 刘比一,何玉英,尹达菲,等.不同储存时间的玉米对肉鸡血清抗氧化功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(5):1077-1084. LIU B Y,HE Y Y,YIN D F,et al.Corn at different storage periods affects serum antioxidant function of broilers[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2013,25(5):1077-1084.(in Chinese)
[8] 王薇薇,宋歌,周航,等.东北地区粮库储存3年玉米在仔猪饲粮中应用效果的研究[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(7):3366-3373. WANG W W,SONG G,ZHOU H,et al.Application effect of corn stored in granary of Northeast China for three years on pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(7):3366-3373.(in Chinese)
[9] 何贝贝,王永伟,康芳菲,等.库存稻糙米营养组成、脂肪酸值和霉菌毒素含量的分析比较[J].动物营养学报,2021,33(9):5300-5312. HE B B,WANG Y W,KANG F F,et al.Comparative study of nutrient composition,fatty acid value and mycotoxin contents of stored brown rice[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2021,33(9):5300-5312.(in Chinese)
[10] SITTIYA J,YAMAUCHI K,TAKATA K.Effect of replacing corn with whole-grain paddy rice and brown rice in broiler diets on growth performance and intestinal morphology[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2016,100(2):381-390.  
[11] 李俊波.猪对陈化早籼糙米的养分利用机理研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2004:21-47. LI J B.The mechanism of nutrients availability for storage early,long-grain,non-glutinous rice in swine diets[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Beijing:China Agriculture University,2004:21-47.(in Chinese)
[12] 舒剑成.陈化早籼糙米在猪日粮中的应用研究[D].硕士学位论文.无锡:江南大学,2004:27-45. SHU J C.Applied studies on aged Chinese brown rice in swine diets[D].Master's Thesis.Wuxi:Jiangnan University,2004:27-45.(in Chinese)
[13] 袁召光.陈化稻糙米代替玉米日粮对肉鸭生产性能的影响[J].畜禽业,2006(22):17-21. YUAN Z G.Effects of replacing corn with aged brown rice on production performance of meat ducks[J].Livestock and Poultry Industry,2006(22):17-21.(in Chinese)
[14] YIN D F,YUAN J M,GUO Y M,et al.Effect of storage time on the characteristics of corn and efficiency of its utilization in broiler chickens[J].Animal Nutrition,2017,3(3):252-257.  
[15] 孙婉丽,何健,白雅绮,等.陈化玉米在生长猪上的营养价值评定[J].饲料工业,2019,40(14):18-23. SUN W L,HE J,BAI Y Q,et al.Nutritional value assessment of aged corn on growing pigs[J].Feed Industry,2019,40(14):18-23.(in Chinese)
[16] 殷洁鑫.储存玉米营养价值变化及其对肉仔鸡生长、消化道发育和养分利用率的影响[D].硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学,2016:10-34. YIN J X.Effect of corns at different storage periods on growth performance,digestive tract development and nutrient utilization of broilers[D].Master's Thesis.Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2016:10-34.(in Chinese)
[17] 赵金标,张刚,李忠超,等.储存时间对玉米猪有效能值和营养物质消化率的影响[J].动物营养学报,2021,33(5):2605-2615. ZHAO J B,ZHANG G,LI Z C,et al.Effects of storage time on available energy value and nutrient digestibility of corn in pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2021,33(5):2605-2615.(in Chinese)
[18] 王超,顾云锋,杜明芳,等.陈化玉米对蛋鸡生产性能、消化与抗氧化功能及蛋品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2021,33(3):1440-1450. WANG C,GU Y F,DU M F,et al.Effects of aging corn on performance,digestive and antioxidant functions and egg quality of laying hens[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2021,33(3):1440-1450.(in Chinese)
[19] 郭玉宝.大米储藏陈化中蛋白质对其糊化特性的影响及其相关陈化机制研究[D].博士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2012:103-117. GUO Y B.The effects of protein on pasting properties of rice during storage ageing and its related ageing mechanism[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2012:103-117.(in Chinese)
[20] 叶霞.稻谷储藏过程中重要营养素变化的动力学研究[D].硕士学位论文.重庆:西南大学,2003:24-46. YE X.Kinetic studies on important nutrients during the rice storage[D].Master's Thesis.Chongqing:Southwest University,2003:24-46.(in Chinese)
[21] ZHOU Z K,BLANCHARD C,HELLIWELL S,et al.Fatty acid composition of three rice varieties following storage[J].Journal of Cereal Science,2003,37(3):327-335.  
[22] TANG E N,NDINDENG S A,BIGOGA J,et al.Mycotoxin concentrations in rice from three climatic locations in Africa as affected by grain quality,production site,and storage duration[J].Food Science & Nutrition,2019,7(4):1274-1287.  
[23] 秦海峰.转Cry1Ac/sck基因糙米作为肉仔鸡日粮原料的安全性评价[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2012:31-52. QIN H F.Safeyt assessment of rice genetically modiifed with Cry1Ac and sck by feeding studies on broilers[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2012:31-52.(in Chinese)
[24] ROMITI G F,CORICA B,RAPARELLI V,et al.The interplay between antioxidants and the immune system:a promising field,still looking for answers[J].Nutrients,2020,12(6):1550.
[25] YIN J,WU M M,XIAO H,et al.Development of an antioxidant system after early weaning in piglets[J].Journal of Animal Science,2014,92(2):612-619.  
[26] TLASKALOVA-HOGENOVA H,MANDEL L,TREBICHAVSKY I,et al.Development of immune responses in early pig ontogeny[J].Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology,1994,43(1/3):135-142.
[27] 张玉荣,周显青,张勇.储存玉米膜脂过氧化与生理指标的研究[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(10):3410-3414. ZHANG Y R,ZHOU X Q,ZHANG Y.Research on membrane lipid peroxidation and physiological parameters of storage maize[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2008,41(10):3410-3414.(in Chinese)
[28] OVERHOLT M F,KIM G D,BOLER D D,et al.Influence of feeding thermally peroxidized soybean oil to finishing pigs on carcass characteristics,loin quality,and shelf life of loin chops[J].Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(7):2710-2722.  
[29] TAVÁREZ M A,BOLER D D,BESS K N,et al.Effect of antioxidant inclusion and oil quality on broiler performance,meat quality,and lipid oxidation[J].Poultry Science,2011,90(4):922-930.  
[30] 何健,张克英,陈代文,等.自然霉变玉米对肉鸭生产性能及免疫功能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(19):25-30. HE J,ZHANG K Y,CHEN D W,et al.Effects of natural moldy corn on the growth performance,anti-oxidative function and immune function in ducks[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2011,47(19):25-30.(in Chinese)
[31] 李锦英,陈代文,郑萍,等.饲粮添加陈化玉米和复合抗氧化剂对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化功能及肝脏损伤的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2019,37(1):83-91. LI J Y,CHEN D W,ZHENG P,et al.Effects of aging corn and antioxidant blend supplementation on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and liver injure of weaning piglets[J].Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University,2019,37(1):83-91.(in Chinese)
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2