研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

饲粮中添加广藿香油对热应激肉牛生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

  • 尚相龙 ,
  • 杨梓曼 ,
  • 兰剑 ,
  • 聂春桃 ,
  • 陈环 ,
  • 瞿明仁 ,
  • 杨建军 ,
  • 宋小珍
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  • 1. 江西农业大学, 江西省动物营养重点实验室/营养饲料开发工程研究中心, 南昌 330045;
    2. 高安裕丰农牧业有限公司, 宜春 330800
尚相龙(1995-),男,甘肃景泰人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:1290504330@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-05-25

  网络出版日期: 2022-01-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(32060768);现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-37)

Effects of Diets Supplemented with Agastache rugosus Essential Oil on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Beef Cattle under Heat Stress

  • SHANG Xianglong ,
  • YANG Ziman ,
  • LAN Jian ,
  • NIE Chuntao ,
  • CHEN Huan ,
  • QU Mingren ,
  • YANG Jianjun ,
  • SONG Xiaozhen
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  • 1. Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
    2. Gaoan Yufeng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry limited company, Yichun 330800, China

Received date: 2021-05-25

  Online published: 2022-01-18

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的广藿香油对热应激肉牛生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选取18月龄、体重[(330±20)kg]相近的锦江黄牛36头,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复3头牛。其中对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加50、100和150 mg/kg的广藿香油的试验饲粮。试验选在夏季高温高湿环境中进行,预试期10 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:1)试验期间,牛舍环境的日平均温湿指数高于79,表明肉牛处于热应激环境。与对照组相比,50 mg/kg组和150 mg/kg组试验牛的呼吸频率在第30天显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,各试验组的干物质采食量显著升高(P<0.05);50 mg/kg组的平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,50 mg/kg组和150 mg/kg组血清白蛋白(ALB)含量显著升高(P<0.05);各试验组血清生长激素(GH)含量均显著升高(P<0.05);100 mg/kg组血清甲状腺素(T4)的含量显著升高(P<0.05);100 mg/kg组和150 mg/kg组血清皮质醇(COR)的含量显著下降(P<0.05);50 mg/kg组血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著提高(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,夏季高温高湿环境可引起肉牛热应激;在饲粮中添加广藿香油可缓解肉牛热应激反应,改善热应激条件下肉牛的免疫功能,并提高其生长性能;其中,以50 mg/kg的添加效果较好。

本文引用格式

尚相龙 , 杨梓曼 , 兰剑 , 聂春桃 , 陈环 , 瞿明仁 , 杨建军 , 宋小珍 . 饲粮中添加广藿香油对热应激肉牛生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(1) : 395 -403 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.037

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of Agastache rugosus essential oil on growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of beef cattle under heat stress. Thirty-six healthy and 18-month-old Jinjiang cattle with initial weight of (330±20) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups, each with 3 replicates and 3 cattle in each replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, and the experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg Agastache rugosus essential oil based on the basal diet. The experiment was conducted in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment in summer. The pre-feeding period of 10 days and the trial period was 30 days. The results showed as follows:1) the average temperature humidity index (THI) of the cowshed environment was above 79 during the experiment, and the respiratory rate of 50 mg/kg group and 150 mg/kg group was significantly decreased on day 30 compared with the control group (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, average dry matter intake of experimental groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) in 50 mg/kg group was significantly enhanced compared with the control group (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the content of serum albumin (ALB) in 50 mg/kg group and 150 mg/kg group were significantly increased (P<0.05); the content of serum growth hormone (GH) in all experimental groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), serum thyroxine (T4) content in 100 mg/kg group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and serum cortisol (COR) content in 100 mg/kg group and 150 mg/kg group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the contents of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in 50 mg/kg group were significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05). These results indicate that high temperature and humidity in summer can cause heat stress of beef cattle, dietary supplemental with Agastache rugosus essential oil can alleviate heat stress response, improve immune function and enhance the growth performance of beef cattle under hot environment, and the optimum level of Agastache rugosus essential oil is 50 mg/kg.

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