动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 1: 478 - 487

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.045

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

香芹酚和百里香酚对绵羊养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵特性及纤维降解菌数量的影响

  • 刘立山 ,
  • 周瑞 ,
  • 吴建平 ,
  • 郎侠 ,
  • 王彩莲
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  • 1. 甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所, 甘肃省牛羊种质与秸秆饲料化重点实验室, 兰州 730070;
    2. 西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院, 兰州 730070
刘立山(1987-),男,甘肃临洮人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为动物遗传育种与繁殖。E-mail:13919791920@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-06-25

  网络出版日期: 2022-01-18

基金资助

甘肃省科技计划项目(20JR5RA103);西北民族大学人才引进科研专项

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Effects of Carvacrol and Thymol on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Cellulose- Decomposed Bacteria Counts of Sheep

  • LIU Lishan ,
  • ZHOU Rui ,
  • WU Jianping ,
  • LANG Xia ,
  • WANG Cailian
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  • 1. Key Laboratory for Sheep, Goat, and Cattle Germplasm and Straw Feed in Gansu Province, Animal Husbandry, Pasture and Green Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    2. Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received date: 2021-06-25

  Online published: 2022-01-18

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摘要

本试验旨在探讨香芹酚和百里香酚对绵羊养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵特性及纤维降解菌数量的影响。选取9只健康装有永久瘤胃瘘管的小尾寒羊公羊，采用3×3拉丁方设计，预试期5 d，正试期15 d。对照组（CON）饲喂基础饲粮，试验1组（T1组）在基础饲粮精料中添加香芹酚（2 g/d），试验2组（T2组）在基础饲粮精料中添加百里香酚（2 g/d）。从正试期第10天开始，连续5 d采用全收粪法进行消化代谢试验，测定养分表观消化率；正试期最后1天在采食前（0 h）以及采食后1、3、5、7 h采集瘤胃液，测定发酵参数和纤维降解菌数量。结果表明：1）各组绵羊在采食后1 h瘤胃液氨态氮（NH3-N）浓度均处于最高水平，采食后3 h瘤胃液pH均降到最低，而瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度最高，采食后3、5 h瘤胃液微生物蛋白（MCP）浓度均处于较高水平，瘤胃液黄色瘤胃球菌、产琥珀酸瘤胃球菌数量在采食后3 h最高，白色瘤胃球菌数量在采食后1 h最高。2）从平均值看，与对照组相比，T1组瘤胃液MCP、TVFA浓度显著升高（P<0.05），瘤胃液pH显著降低（P<0.05），干物质和粗蛋白质表观消化率显著升高（P<0.05），瘤胃液黄色瘤胃球菌、产琥珀酸瘤胃球菌数量显著升高（P<0.05），白色瘤胃球菌数量显著降低（P<0.05）；T2组瘤胃液MCP、TVFA浓度显著升高（P<0.05），各养分表观消化率无显著变化（P>0.05），瘤胃液白色瘤胃球菌数量显著降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，香芹酚和百里酚香均可影响绵羊瘤胃发酵特性及纤维降解菌数量，且香芹酚还可以显著提高绵羊的干物质和粗蛋白质表观消化率。

关键词： 香芹酚; 百里香酚; 养分表观消化率; 瘤胃发酵特性; 纤维降解菌

本文引用格式

刘立山 , 周瑞 , 吴建平 , 郎侠 , 王彩莲 . 香芹酚和百里香酚对绵羊养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵特性及纤维降解菌数量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(1) : 478 -487 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.045

Abstract

This study was carried out to study the effects of carvacrol and thymol on nutrient apparent digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics and cellulose-decomposed bacteria counts of sheep. Nine small tail Han sheep rams with permanent ruminal fistulas were randomly assigned to a 3×3 Latin square design with 20-day period. The pre-experimental period lasted for 5 days, and the experimental period lasted for 15 days. The treatments were as follows:sheep in the control group (CON group) were fed a basal diet, those in the test 1 group (T1 group) were fed the basal diet supplemented with carvacrol at 2 g/d in the concentrate, and those in the test 2 group (T2 group) were fed the basal diet supplemented with thymol at 2 g/d in the concentrate. Digestion and metabolism trial was carried using total feces collection method on the 10th day of the experimental period, and nutrient apparent digestibility was measured. Last day of the experimental, rumen fluid was collected before feeding (0 h) and 1, 3, 5 and 7 h after feeding to measure fermentation parameters and cellulose-decomposed bacteria counts. The results showed as follows:1) the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) in all groups was at the highest level 1 h after feeding, rumen fluid pH was at the lowest level 3 h after feeding, while the total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) concentration in rumen fluid was the highest, the rumen fluid microprotein (MCP)concentration was at a higher level 3 and 5 h after feeding, the counts of Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Fibrobacter succinogenes in rumen fluid were the highest 3 h after feeding, and the count of Ruminococcus ablus was the highest 1 h after feeding. 2) On average value, T1 group compared with the CON group, the concentrations of rumen fluid MCP and TVFA were significantly increased (P<0.05), rumen fluid pH was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein were significantly increased (P<0.05), the counts of rumen fluid Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Fibrobacter succinogenes were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the count of Ruminococcus ablus was significantly decreased (P<0.05). T2 group compared with the CON group, the concentrations of MCP and TVFA were significantly increased (P<0.05), but all nutrient apparent digestibility was not significantly changed (P>0.05), and the counts of rumen fluid Ruminococcus ablus was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In summary, carvacrol and thymol both can affect the rumen fermentation characteristics and cellulose-decomposed bacteria counts of sheep, but carvacrol also can significantly improve the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein.

Key words： carvacrol; thymol; nutrient apparent digestibility; rumen fermentation characteristics; cellulose-decomposed bacteria

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