[1] BROZ P,PELEGRÍN P,SHAO F.The gasdermins,a protein family executing cell death and inflammation[J].Nature Reviews Immunology,2020,20(3):143-157.

[2] LIU X,XIA S Y,ZHANG Z B,et al.Channelling inflammation:gasdermins in physiology and disease[J].Nature Reviews Drug Discovery,2021,20(5):384-405.

[3] FENG S Y,FOX D,MAN S M.Mechanisms of gasdermin family members in inflammasome signaling and cell death[J].Journal of Molecular Biology,2018,430(18 Pt B):3068-3080.
[4] KUANG S Y,ZHENG J,YANG H,et al.Structure insight of GSDMD reveals the basis of GSDMD autoinhibition in cell pyroptosis[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2017,114(40):10642-10647.

[5] AGLIETTI R A,DUEBER E C.Recent insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying pyroptosis and gasdermin family functions[J].Trends in Immunology,2017,38(4):261-271.

[6] DE SCHUTTER E,ROELANDT R,RIQUET F B,et al.Punching holes in cellular membranes:biology and evolution of gasdermins[J].Trends in Cell Biology,2021,31(6):500-513.

[7] DU T T,GAO J,LI P L,et al.Pyroptosis,metabolism,and tumor immune microenvironment[J].Clinical and Translational Medicine,2021,11(8):e492.
[8] SHI J J,GAO W Q,SHAO F.Pyroptosis:gasdermin-mediated programmed necrotic cell death[J].Trends in Biochemical Sciences,2017,42(4):245-254.

[9] SARRIÓ D,MARTÍNEZ-VAL J,MOLINA-CRESPO Á,et al.The multifaceted roles of gasdermins in cancer biology and oncologic therapies[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta:Reviews on Cancer,2021,1876(2):188635.
[10] RUAN J W,WANG S J,WANG J B.Mechanism and regulation of pyroptosis-mediated in cancer cell death[J].Chemico-Biological Interactions,2020,323:109052.
[11] ZHOU C B,FANG J Y.The role of pyroptosis in gastrointestinal cancer and immune responses to intestinal microbial infection[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta:Reviews on Cancer,2019,1872(1):1-10.

[12] KOVACS S B,MIAO E A.Gasdermins:effectors of pyroptosis[J].Trends in Cell Biology,2017,27(9):673-684.

[13] YU P,ZHANG X,LIU N,et al.Pyroptosis:mechanisms and diseases[J].Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,2021,6(1):128.
[14] WANG Y Q,KANNEGANTI T D.From pyroptosis,apoptosis and necroptosis to PANoptosis:a mechanistic compendium of programmed cell death pathways[J].Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal,2021,19:4641-4657.
[15] KESAVARDHANA S,MALIREDDI R K S,KANNEGANTI T D.Caspases in cell death,inflammation,and pyroptosis[J].Annual Review of Immunology,2020,38:567-595.
[16] BERGSBAKEN T,FINK S L,COOKSON B T.Pyroptosis:host cell death and inflammation[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology,2009,7(2):99-109.

[17] ZOU J,ZHENG Y X,HUANG Y,et al.The versatile gasdermin family:their function and roles in diseases[J].Frontiers in Immunology,2021,12:751533.
[18] HU B,ELINAV E,HUBER S,et al.Inflammation-induced tumorigenesis in the colon is regulated by caspase-1 and NLRC4[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(50):21635-21640.

[19] LAMKANFI M,DIXIT V M.Inflammasomes and their roles in health and disease[J].Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology,2012,28:137-161.
[20] LEI-LESTON A C,MURPHY A G,MALOY K J.Epithelial cell inflammasomes in intestinal immunity and inflammation[J].Frontiers in Immunology,2017,8:1168.
[21] WU J S,SUN J Y,MENG X L.Pyroptosis by caspase-11 inflammasome-gasdermin D pathway in autoimmune diseases[J].Pharmacological Research,2021,165:105408.
[22] BROZ P,DIXIT V M.Inflammasomes:mechanism of assembly,regulation and signalling[J].Nature Reviews Immunology,2016,16(7):407-420.

[23] RATHINAM V A K,FITZGERALD K A.Inflammasome complexes:emerging mechanisms and effector functions[J].Cell,2016,165(4):792-800.

[24] RATHINAM V A K,CHAN F K M.Inflammasome,inflammation,and tissue homeostasis[J].Trends in Molecular Medicine,2018,24(3):304-318.

[25] CHEN G Y,NÚÑEZ G.Inflammasomes in intestinal inflammation and cancer[J].Gastroenterology,2011,141(6):1986-1999.

[26] SHI J J,ZHAO Y,WANG Y P,et al.Inflammatory caspases are innate immune receptors for intracellular LPS[J].Nature,2014,514(7521):187-192.

[27] YANG J L,ZHAO Y,SHAO F.Non-canonical activation of inflammatory caspases by cytosolic LPS in innate immunity[J].Current Opinion in Immunology,2015,32:78-83.
[28] NEURATH M F.Cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease[J].Nature Reviews Immunology,2014,14(5):329-342.

[29] PARK J H,PEYRIN-BIROULET L,EISENHUT M,et al.IBD immunopathogenesis:a comprehensive review of inflammatory molecules[J].Autoimmunity Reviews,2017,16(4):416-426.

[30] CASSINOTTI A,SARZI-PUTTINI P,FICHERA M,et al.Immunity,autoimmunity and inflammatory bowel disease[J].Autoimmunity Reviews,2014,13(1):1-2.

[31] SONG Y J,ZHAO Y G,MA Y M,et al.Biological functions of NLRP3 inflammasome:a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease[J].Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews,2021,60:61-75.
[32] DI SABATINO A,LENTI M V,GIUFFRIDA P,et al.New insights into immune mechanisms underlying autoimmune diseases of the gastrointestinal tract[J].Autoimmunity Reviews,2015,14(12):1161-1169.

[33] HE W T,WAN H Q,HU L C,et al.Gasdermin D is an executor of pyroptosis and required for interleukin-1β secretion[J].Cell Research,2015,25(12):1285-1298.

[34] BURDETTE B E,ESPARZA A N,ZHU H,et al.Gasdermin D in pyroptosis[J].Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B,2021,11(9):2768-2782.

[35] TSUCHIYA K,HOSOJIMA S,HARA H,et al.Gasdermin D mediates the maturation and release of IL-1α downstream of inflammasomes[J].Cell Reports,2021,34(12):108887.
[36] GONG W H,SHI Y,REN J J.Research progresses of molecular mechanism of pyroptosis and its related diseases[J].Immunobiology,2020,225(2):151884.
[37] KAYAGAKI N,WARMING S,LAMKANFI M,et al.Non-canonical inflammasome activation targets Caspase-11[J].Nature,2011,479(7371):117-121.

[38] WANG K,SUN Q,ZHONG X,et al.Structural mechanism for GSDMD targeting by autoprocessed caspases in pyroptosis[J].Cell,2020,180(5):941-955.e20.

[39] SHI J J,ZHAO Y,WANG K,et al.Cleavage of GSDMD by inflammatory caspases determines pyroptotic cell death[J].Nature,2015,526(7575):660-665.

[40] KAYAGAKI N,STOWE I B,LEE B L,et al.Caspase-11 cleaves gasdermin D for non-canonical inflammasome signalling[J].Nature,2015,526(7575):666-671.

[41] LIU X,ZHANG Z B,RUAN J B,et al.Inflammasome-activated gasdermin D causes pyroptosis by forming membrane pores[J].Nature,2016,535(7610):153-158.

[42] SBORGI L,RVHL S,MULVIHILL E,et al.GSDMD membrane pore formation constitutes the mechanism of pyroptotic cell death[J].EMBO Journal,2016,35(16):1766-1778.

[43] DING J J,WANG K,LIU W,et al.Pore-forming activity and structural autoinhibition of the gasdermin family[J].Nature,2016,535(7610):111-116.

[44] LIU Z H,WANG C P,YANG J,et al.Crystal structures of the full-length murine and human gasdermin D reveal mechanisms of autoinhibition,lipid binding,and oligomerization[J].Immunity,2019,51(1):43-49.e4.

[45] XIA S Y.Biological mechanisms and therapeutic relevance of the gasdermin family[J].Molecular Aspects of Medicine,2020,76:100890.
[46] LIU Z H,WANG C P,RATHKEY J K,et al.Structures of the gasdermin D C-terminal domains reveal mechanisms of autoinhibition[J].Structure,2018,26(5):778-784.e3.

[47] SHARMA D,KANNEGANTI T D.Inflammatory cell death in intestinal pathologies[J].Immunological Reviews,2017,280(1):57-73.

[48] BULEK K,ZHAO J J,LIAO Y,et al.Epithelial-derived gasdermin D mediates nonlytic IL-1β release during experimental colitis[J].The Journal of Clinical Investigation,2020,130(8):4218-4234.
[49] BATISTA S J,STILL K M,JOHANSON D,et al.Gasdermin-D-dependent IL-1α release from microglia promotes protective immunity during chronic
Toxoplasma gondii infection[J].Nature Communications,2020,11(1):3687.
[50] ZHU S,DING S Y,WANG P H,et al.Nlrp9b inflammasome restricts rotavirus infection in intestinal epithelial cells[J].Nature,2017,546(7660):667-670.

[51] MA C M,YANG D X,WANG B W,et al.Gasdermin D in macrophages restrains colitis by controlling cGAS-mediated inflammation[J].Science Advances,2020,6(21):eaaz6717.
[52] SCHWARZER R,JIAO H P,WACHSMUTH L,et al.FADD and Caspase-8 regulate gut homeostasis and inflammation by controlling MLKL- and GSDMD-mediated death of intestinal epithelial cells[J].Immunity,2020,52(6):978-993.e6.

[53] BILJALI S,HADJIMITOVA V A,TOPASHKA-ANCHEVA M N,et al.Antioxidant and antiradical properties of esculin,and its effect in a model of epirubicin-induced bone marrow toxicity[J].Folia Medica,2012,54(3):42-49.

[54] XU X N,JIANG Y,YAN L Y,et al.Aesculin suppresses the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via the Akt/GSK3β/NF-κB pathway to mitigate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury[J].Phytomedicine,2021,92:153687.
[55] CHAO J B,WANG X L,XU M,et al.Characterization and enhanced antioxidant activity of the inclusion complexes of baicalin with p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes[J].Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry,2019,93(3):361-370.
[56] SHI H L,ZHANG Y L,XING J,et al.Baicalin attenuates hepatic injury in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis cell model by suppressing inflammasome-dependent GSDMD-mediated cell pyroptosis[J].International Immunopharmacology,2020,81:106195.
[57] WANG X Y,CAI H,CHEN Z Y,et al.Baicalein alleviates pyroptosis and inflammation in hyperlipidemic pancreatitis by inhibiting NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway through the miR-192-5p/TXNIP axis[J].International Immunopharmacology,2021,101(Part B):108315.
[58] QIAN D L,SHAO X K,LI Y C,et al.Notoginsenoside R1 protects WI-38 cells against lipopolysaccharide-triggered injury via adjusting the miR-181a/TLR4 axis[J].Journal of Cellular Biochemistry,2019,120(12):19764-19774.

[59] TANG K,SU W H,HUANG C H,et al.Notoginsenoside R1 suppresses inflammatory response and the pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells via inactivating NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways[J].International Immunopharmacology,2021,101(Part B):107866.
[60] AHMED T,RAZA S H,MARYAM A,et al.Ginsenoside Rb1 as a neuroprotective agent:a review[J].Brain Research Bulletin,2016,125:30-43.
[61] 王睿智,陈志文,邵乐,等.人参皂苷Rb1通过调控Nrf2/ARE信号通路抗氧糖剥夺/复氧后神经细胞焦亡的研究[J].中国药理学通报,2021,37(10):1383-1390. WANG R Z,CHEN Z W,SHAO L,et al.Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits neuronal pyroptosis after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation via Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway[J].Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin,2021,37(10):1383-1390.(in Chinese)
[62] WANG M,WANG R Y,SUN H,et al.Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates cardiotoxicity triggered by aconitine via inhibiting calcium overload and pyroptosis[J].Phytomedicine,2021,83:153468.
[63] CHEN X L,LIANG D H,HUANG Z Q,et al.Quercetin regulates skeletal muscle fiber type switching via adiponectin signaling[J].Food & Function,2021,12(6):2693-2702.

[64] LUO X,BAO X Y,WENG X Z,et al.The protective effect of quercetin on macrophage pyroptosis via TLR2/Myd88/NF-κB and ROS/AMPK pathway[J].Life Sciences,2022,291:120064.
[65] SALEHI B,MISHRA A P,NIGAM M,et al.Resveratrol:a double-edged sword in health benefits[J].Biomedicines,2018,6(3):91.
[66] CHANG Y P,KA S M,HSU W H,et al.Resveratrol inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by preserving mitochondrial integrity and augmenting autophagy[J].Journal of Cellular Physiology,2015,230(7):1567-1579.

[67] SHI L M,LIN Q L,LI X H,et al.Alliin,a garlic organosulfur compound,ameliorates gut inflammation through MAPK-NF-κB/AP-1/STAT-1 inactivation and PPAR-γ activation[J].Molecular Nutrition & Food Research,2017,61(9):10.
[68] LIU M T,LU J,YANG S T,et al.Alliin alleviates LPS-induced pyroptosis via promoting mitophagy in THP-1 macrophages and mice[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2022,160:112811.
[69] MO J,YANG R H,LI F,et al.Scutellarin protects against vascular endothelial dysfunction and prevents atherosclerosis via antioxidation[J].Phytomedicine,2018,42:66-74.
[70] YE J Z,ZENG B,ZHONG M Y,et al.Scutellarin inhibits Caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in macrophages via regulating PKA signaling[J].Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B,2021,11(1):112-126.

[71] ZHENG Y L,ZHANG J W,ZHAO Y,et al.Curcumin protects against cognitive impairments in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion combined with diabetes mellitus by suppressing neuroinflammation,apoptosis,and pyroptosis[J].International Immunopharmacology,2021,93:107422.
[72] ZOU Y P,LUO X,FENG Y,et al.Luteolin prevents THP-1 macrophage pyroptosis by suppressing ROS production via Nrf2 activation[J].Chemico-Biological Interactions,2021,345:109573.
[73] DAI W Y,LUO Z P.Paeoniflorin inhibits pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells in an acidic environment and alleviates the degeneration of the intervertebral disc in rats[J].Cellular Signalling,2022,91:110243.
[74] XU L,WANG H,YU Q Q,et al.The monomer derivative of paeoniflorin inhibits macrophage pyroptosis via regulating TLR4/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathway in adjuvant arthritis rats[J].International Immunopharmacology,2021,101(Part A):108169.
[75] LIANG Q,CAI W Y,ZHAO Y X,et al.Lycorine ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis[J].Pharmacological Research,2020,158:104884.
[76] ROY M,LIANG L,XIAO X J,et al.Lycorine:a prospective natural lead for anticancer drug discovery[J].Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,2018,107:615-624.
[77] SUN Y,HUANG W M,TANG P C,et al.Neuroprotective effects of natural cordycepin on LPS-induced Parkinson's disease through suppressing TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis[J].Journal of Functional Foods,2020,75:104274.
[78] RABIE A M.Potent inhibitory activities of the adenosine analogue cordycepin on SARS-CoV-2 replication[J].ACS Omega,2022,7(3):2960-2969.

[79] ZHAO Y N,LI Z K,LU E R,et al.Berberine exerts neuroprotective activities against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through up-regulating PPAR-γ to suppress NF-κB-mediated pyroptosis[J].Brain Research Bulletin,2021,177:22-30.
[80] NEAG M A,MOCAN A,ECHEVERRÍA J,et al.Berberine:botanical occurrence,traditional uses,extraction methods,and relevance in cardiovascular,metabolic,hepatic,and renal disorders[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology,2018,9:557.
[81] LV X F,FAN C,JIANG Z X,et al.Isoliquiritigenin alleviates
P. gingivalis-LPS/ATP-induced pyroptosis by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD signals in human gingival fibroblasts[J].International Immunopharmacology,2021,101(Part B):108338.
[82] CAO Z X,WEN Y,HE J L,et al.Isoliquiritigenin,an orally available natural FLT3 inhibitor from licorice,exhibits selective anti-acute myeloid leukemia efficacy
in vitro and
in vivo[J].Molecular Pharmacology,2019,96(5):589-599.

[83] GUO Y,YANG J H,HE Y,et al.Protocatechuic aldehyde prevents ischemic injury by attenuating brain microvascular endothelial cell pyroptosis via lncRNA Xist[J].Phytomedicine,2022,94:153849.
[84] KAKKAR S,BAIS S.A review on protocatechuic acid and its pharmacological potential[J].ISRN Pharmacology,2014,2014:952943.