研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

延胡索酸对循环热应激肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化功能和免疫功能的影响

  • 孙诗昂 ,
  • 李冰 ,
  • 邓亚飞 ,
  • 李静 ,
  • 熊永洁 ,
  • 贺绍君
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  • 安徽科技学院动物科学学院, 滁州 233100
孙诗昂(2000-),男,安徽宿州人,硕士研究生,从事家禽热应激方向的研究。E-mail:3368429474@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-11-27

  网络出版日期: 2022-07-14

基金资助

国家自然科学基金青年项目(31702306);安徽省高校优秀拔尖人才培育项目(gxyq2020038);安徽省科技厅自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0082)

Effects of Fumaric Acid on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Function and Immune Function of Broilers under Cyclic Heat Stress

  • SUN Shiang ,
  • LI Bing ,
  • DENG Yafei ,
  • LI Jing ,
  • XIONG Yongjie ,
  • HE Shaojun
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  • College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China

Received date: 2021-11-27

  Online published: 2022-07-14

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量延胡索酸对循环热应激肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化功能和免疫功能的影响。试验选用240只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为5个组,每组4个重复,每个重复12只鸡(公母各占1/2)。1~27日龄,所有试验肉鸡饲喂相同的基础饲粮,饲养环境和饲养管理等均保持一致。28日龄开始,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,环境温度控制在(22±1)℃,相对湿度控制在(60±5)%;试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加0(热应激组)、0.5%、1.0%和2.0%延胡索酸的饲粮,并采用循环温度控制,每天08:00开始升温,09:00稳定温度在(33±1)℃,每天22:00开始降温,23:00稳定温度在(22±1)℃,相对湿度与对照组一样。每天记录肉鸡采食量,并分别于35和42日龄时对肉鸡进行称重,同时每个重复随机挑选2只鸡,静脉采血5 mL,测定血清抗氧化和免疫指标。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,热应激组肉鸡终末体重、体增重和平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05),料重比显著提高(P<0.05);而与热应激组相比,0.5%延胡索酸组肉鸡终末体重和体增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)35日龄时,与热应激组相比,1.0%延胡索酸组肉鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及总谷胱甘肽(T-GSH)含量显著提高(P<0.05),血清过氧化氢含量显著降低(P<0.05);42日龄时,与热应激组相比,1.0%延胡索酸组肉鸡血清T-GSH含量显著提高(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量、GSH-Px活性和8-羟基喹啉含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)35日龄时,与热应激组相比,1.0%延胡索酸组肉鸡血清新城疫(ND)抗体、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著提高(P<0.05);42日龄时,1.0%延胡索酸组血清ND抗体和IgG含量显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加延胡索酸可提高热应激肉鸡生长性能及机体抗氧化和免疫功能,表明延胡索酸可用于缓解热应激对肉鸡的危害;本试验条件下,饲粮添加1.0%延胡索酸效果较好。

本文引用格式

孙诗昂 , 李冰 , 邓亚飞 , 李静 , 熊永洁 , 贺绍君 . 延胡索酸对循环热应激肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化功能和免疫功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(7) : 4322 -4330 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.023

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different supplemental levels of fumaric acid on growth performance, antioxidant function and immune function of broilers under cyclic heat stress. A total of 240 Arbor Acres (AA) broilers of one-day-old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate (half male and half female). From 1 to 27 days of age, all broilers were fed the same basal diet, and the rearing environment and management were the same. From 28 days of age, broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the ambient temperature was (22±1)℃ and the relative humidity was (60±5)%; while those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0 (heat stress group), 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% fumaric acid, respectively, and using cyclic temperature control, the temperature was raised at 08:00 every day and stable at (33±1)℃ at 09:00, then dropped at 22:00 every day and stable at (22±1)℃ at 23:00, meanwhile the relative humidity was the same as that of the control group. The feed intake of broilers was recorded daily, and the broilers were weighed at 35 and 42 days of age, respectively, at the same time, 2 chickens per replicate were randomly selected and 5 mL blood was collected intravenously to determine the serum antioxidant and immune indexes. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the final body weight, body weight gain and average daily feed intake of broilers in the heat stress group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the heat stress group, the final body weight and body weight gain of broilers in 0.5% fumaric acid group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) At 35 days of age, compared with the heat stress group, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total glutathione (T-GSH) content in serum of broilers in 1.0% fumaric acid group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum hydrogen peroxide content was significantly decreased (P<0.05). At 42 days of age, compared with the heat stress group, the serum T-GSH content of broilers in 1.0% fumaric acid group was significantly increased (P<0.05), while the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content, GSH-Px activity and 8-hydroxyquinoline content were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) At 35 days of age, compared with the heat stress group, the contents of Newcastle disease (ND) antibody, immunoglobulin A(IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum of broilers in 1.0% fumaric acid group were significantly increased (P<0.05); at 42 days of age, the contents of ND antibody and IgG in serum in 1.0% fumaric acid group were significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary fumaric acid can improve the growth performance, antioxidant and immune function of broilers under heat stress, suggesting that fumaric acid can alleviate the harm of heat stress on broilers; under the conditions of this experiment, the diet supplemented with 1.0% fumaric acid has a better effect.

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