动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 7: 4406 - 4415

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.031

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮对36~70日龄马冈鹅生长性能、屠宰性能及血清生化和免疫指标的影响

  • 刘书锋 ,
  • 汪珩 ,
  • 叶慧 ,
  • 李胜 ,
  • 赵玉洁 ,
  • 王文策 ,
  • 朱勇文 ,
  • 杨琳
展开
  • 1. 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广东省动物营养调控重点实验室, 广州 510642;
    2. 金钱饲料(东莞)有限公司, 东莞 523147
刘书锋(1997-),男,江西赣州人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:1455385186@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-12-23

  网络出版日期: 2022-07-14

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31972584）；2021年广东省科技专项资金项目"狮头鹅绿色高效养殖技术创新与示范"（210723106900762）；国家现代农业产业技术体系水禽产业技术体系（CARS-42-15）

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Effects of Low Protein Diets Supplemented with Amino Acids on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Serum Biochemical and Immune Indices of Magang Geese during 36 to 70 Days of Age

  • LIU Shufeng ,
  • WANG Heng ,
  • YE Hui ,
  • LI Sheng ,
  • ZHAO Yujie ,
  • WANG Wence ,
  • ZHU Yongwen ,
  • YANG Lin
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  • 1. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
    2. Jinqian Feed(Dongguan) Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523147, China

Received date: 2021-12-23

  Online published: 2022-07-14

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摘要

本试验通过研究大麦-碎米-豆粕型低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮对36~70日龄马冈鹅生长性能、屠宰性能及血清生化和免疫指标的影响，旨在初步探索非玉米型饲粮中适宜低蛋白质水平。选用体重相近的36日龄马冈鹅300只，随机分为5组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只（公母各5只）。5组试验鹅分别饲喂蛋白质水平为16.50%（对照组）、15.40%、14.30%、13.20%和12.10%的饲粮，通过补充氨基酸使各组饲粮赖氨酸、蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸及缬氨酸水平一致。试验期35 d。结果表明：1）低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮对36~70日龄马冈鹅的平均末重、平均日增重和平均日采食量均无显著影响（P>0.05）；12.10%和13.20%组的料重比显著低于16.50%和15.40%组（P<0.05）。2）低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮对70日龄马冈鹅的屠宰率、全净膛率、半净膛率、胸肌率无显著影响（P>0.05）；12.10%组的腹脂率显著高于15.40%、14.30%和13.20%组（P<0.05）。3）低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮对70日龄马冈鹅的血清总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、球蛋白（GLB）、葡萄糖（GLU）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量无显著影响（P>0.05）；12.10%组血清尿酸（UA）含量显著低于16.50%组（P<0.05），血清尿素氮（UN）含量显著低于16.50%、15.40%和14.30%组（P<0.05）；14.30%组血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量显著高于16.50%、15.40%和12.10%组（P<0.05）。4）16.50%组70日龄马冈鹅的血清免疫球蛋白M（IgM）含量显著高于14.30%、13.20%和12.10%组（P<0.05）；16.50%组的血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）含量显著高于13.20%和12.10%组（P<0.05）。由此可见，在补充适量氨基酸的前提下，降低大麦-碎米-豆粕型饲粮的蛋白质水平对36~70日龄马冈鹅的生长性能无不良影响，并可改善饲料转化效率和氮素的利用效率，但降低会其与体液免疫相关的血清免疫球蛋白含量。以马冈鹅生长性能为主要评价指标，补充适量氨基酸的大麦-碎米-豆粕型饲粮的蛋白质水平可降低至12.10%。

关键词： 马冈鹅; 低蛋白质; 氨基酸; 生长性能; 免疫性能

本文引用格式

刘书锋 , 汪珩 , 叶慧 , 李胜 , 赵玉洁 , 王文策 , 朱勇文 , 杨琳 . 低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮对36~70日龄马冈鹅生长性能、屠宰性能及血清生化和免疫指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(7) : 4406 -4415 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.031

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of barley-broken rice-soybean meal low protein diet supplemented with amino acids on the growth performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical and immune indices of Magang geese during 36 to 70 days of age, in order to explore the suitable low protein level in non-corn diet. Three hundred 36-day-old Magang geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate (half male and half female). The dietary protein levels for 5 groups were 16.50% (control group), 15.40%, 14.30%, 13.20% and 12.10%, respectively, and the levels of lysine, methionine+cysteine, threonine, tryptophan and valine of diets for 5 groups were the same by supplementing amino acids. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The results showed as follows:1) low protein diets supplemented with amino acids had no significant effects on the average final weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake of Magang geese during 36 to 70 days of age (P>0.05), but the feed/gain of 12.10% and 13.20% groups was significantly lower than that of 16.50% and 15.40% groups (P<0.05). 2) Low crude protein diets supplemented with amino acids had no significant effects on the dressing percentage, eviscerated percentage, semi-eviscerated percentage and breast muscle percentage of Magang geese at 70 days of age (P>0.05), but the abdominal fat percentage of 12.10% group was significantly higher than that of 15.40%, 14.30% and 13.20% groups(P<0.05). 3) Low crude protein diets supplemented with amino acids had no significant effects on the contents of serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), glucose (GLU) and high density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C) of Magang geese at 70 days of age (P>0.05); the content of serum uric acid (UA) of 12.10% group was significantly lower than that of 16.50% group (P<0.05), and the content of serum urea nitrogen (UN) of 12.10% group was significantly lower than that of 16.50%, 15.40% and 14.30% groups (P<0.05), while the serum low density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C) content of 14.30% group was significantly higher than that of 16.50%, 15.40% and 12.10% groups (P<0.05). 4) The content of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) of 16.50% group was significantly higher than that of 14.30%, 13.20% and 12.10% groups (P<0.05), and the content of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) of 16.50% group was significantly higher than that of 13.20% and 12.10% groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, under the premise of supplementing optimal amounts of amino acids, the decrease of protein level of barley-broken rice-soybean meal diet has no harmful effect on the growth performance of Magang geese during 36 to 70 days of age, but can significantly improve the feed conversion efficiency and nitrogen utilization efficiency, but decrease the contents of serum immunoglobulins related humoral immunity. Taking the growth performance of Magang geese as the main evaluation index, the level of protein in the barley-broken rice-soybean meal diet supplementing optimal amounts of amino acids can be reduced to 12.10%.

Key words： Magang geese; low protein; amino acid; growth performance; immune performance

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