动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 7: 4425 - 4437

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.033

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

蛋氨酸羟基类似物异丙酯对围产期奶牛瘤胃发酵及微生物区系的影响

  • 马丽琴 ,
  • 王玲 ,
  • 温万 ,
  • 田佳 ,
  • 周佳敏 ,
  • 王凤莲 ,
  • 马旭林 ,
  • 陈昊
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  • 1. 宁夏大学农学院, 银川 750021;
    2. 宁夏回族自治区畜牧工作站, 银川 750002
马丽琴(1992-),女,宁夏吴忠人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:1500361432@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-12-07

  网络出版日期: 2022-07-14

基金资助

宁夏回族自治区农业特色优势产业新品种选育专项（2019NYYZ05）

收起

Effects of 2-Hydroxy-4-Methionine Isopropyl on Ruminal Fermentation and Microflora of Peripartum Dairy Cows

  • MA Liqin ,
  • WANG Ling ,
  • WEN Wan ,
  • TIAN Jia ,
  • ZHOU Jiamin ,
  • WANG Fenglian ,
  • MA Xulin ,
  • CHEN Hao
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  • 1. College of Agriculturel, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
    2. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Animal Husbandry Workstation, Yinchuan 750002, China

Received date: 2021-12-07

  Online published: 2022-07-14

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摘要

本试验旨在研究围产前期添加蛋氨酸羟基类似物异丙酯（HMBi）对围产期奶牛瘤胃发酵及微生物区系的影响。选择40头健康的荷斯坦围产期奶牛，根据年龄、体况、胎次、预产期及上一胎次泌乳量相近原则进行配对试验设计，分为试验组和对照组，每组20头牛。在围产前期，对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组饲喂基础饲粮+30 g/d HMBi，试验组与对照组奶牛在围产后期饲喂相同饲粮，试验期44 d。试验组与对照组各选择6头奶牛，分别于产前7 d（-7 d）和产后7 d（+7 d）晨饲前采集瘤胃液，测定各组奶牛分娩前后瘤胃发酵指标和微生物区系的变化。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，添加HMBi显著降低了奶牛产后瘤胃氨态氮（NH3-N）浓度（P<0.05），对围产期奶牛瘤胃液pH，微生物蛋白（MCP）含量，总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸的浓度及乙酸/丙酸没有显著影响（P>0.05）。2）与对照组相比，添加HMBi显著提高了奶牛产前瘤胃Kiritimatiellaeota、解琥珀酸弧菌科UCG-001和互营球菌属的相对丰度（P<0.05），显著提高了奶牛产后瘤胃纤维杆菌门、瘤胃球菌科UCG-005、瘤胃球菌属1、厌氧弧菌属的相对丰度（P<0.05），极显著降低了试验组奶牛瘤胃变形菌门的相对丰度（P<0.01）。综上所述，添加HMBi提高了瘤胃微生物对NH3-N的利用率，促进了MCP的合成，并在一定程度上提高了瘤胃微生物对饲粮纤维、淀粉等物质的消化能力，提升了瘤胃细菌对产后高淀粉饲粮结构的适应能力，并在维持围产期奶牛瘤胃细菌菌群平衡方面具有积极作用。

关键词： 围产期奶牛; 蛋氨酸羟基类似物异丙酯; 瘤胃发酵; 瘤胃细菌

本文引用格式

马丽琴 , 王玲 , 温万 , 田佳 , 周佳敏 , 王凤莲 , 马旭林 , 陈昊 . 蛋氨酸羟基类似物异丙酯对围产期奶牛瘤胃发酵及微生物区系的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(7) : 4425 -4437 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.033

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of 2-hydroxy-4-methionine isopropyl (HMBi) on ruminal fermentation and microflora of peripartum dairy cows. Forty Holstein cows (similar in age, body condition, number of lactation, due date and milk yield of last parity) was distinguished into control group and test group, 20 head per group, and kept in the same condition. The control group fed a basal diet, and the test group fed the basal diet with 30 g/d HMBi in the pre-perinatal period. Both control group and test group were fed a common diet in post-perinatal period, and this study lasted 44 days. Six cows were selected from each group, and the rumen fluid was collected from rumen on pre-perinatal 7 d (-7 d) and post perinatal 7 d (+7 d) before morning feeding, to determine the changes of ruminal fermentation and microflora before and after parturition. The results showed as follows:1) compared with control group, adding HMBi significantly reduced the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) in the pre-perinatal period (P<0.05), and it had no significant effects on the pH, microbial protein (MCP) content, total volatile fatty acid (TVFA), acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid concentrations and acetic acid/propionic acid (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, HMBi was significantly increased the relative abundances of Kiritimatiellaeota, Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001 and Syntrophococcus in the pre-perinatal period (P<0.05), and significantly improved the relative abundances of Fibrobacteres, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Ruminococcus_1, Anaerovorax in post-perinatal period (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in rumen of dairy cows in test group was significantly decreased (P<0.01). It is concluded that adding HMBi can increase the utilization rate of NH3-N by rumen microorganisms and promote the synthesis of MCP. HMBi can improve the digestibility of dietary fiber, starch and other substances by rumen bacteria, and enhance the ability of rumen bacteria to adapt to the structure of postpartum high-starch diets, and HMBi had a positive effect on maintain the balance of the rumen flora.

Key words： peripartum dairy cows; 2-hydroxy-4-methionine isopropyl; rumen fermentation; rumen bacteria

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