动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 7: 4630 - 4641

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.051

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

饲料胆固醇水平对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力和脂代谢相关基因表达的影响

  • 田红艳 ,
  • 杨成聪 ,
  • 张春暖 ,
  • 王爱民 ,
  • 刘飞 ,
  • 杨文平 ,
  • 於叶兵 ,
  • 任胜杰 ,
  • 张武肖
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  • 1. 盐城工学院海洋与生物工程学院, 盐城 224000;
    2. 河南科技大学动物科技学院, 洛阳 471023
田红艳(1989-),女,江苏无锡人,讲师,博士,主要从事水产动物营养与饲料以及甲壳动物蜕皮机制研究。E-mail:tianhyy@outlook.com

收稿日期: 2021-12-26

  网络出版日期: 2022-07-14

基金资助

江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目（20KJB240003）；盐城工学院高层次人才科研启动项目（xjr2019049）；中国盐城渔业高质量发展课题（YCSCYJ2021021）；江苏现代农业（克氏原螯虾）产业技术体系营养与饲料创新团队项目（JATS[2021517]）

收起

Effects of Dietary Cholesterol Level on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Antioxidant Capability and Lipid Metabolism Related Gene Expression of Procambarus clarkii

  • TIAN Hongyan ,
  • YANG Chengcong ,
  • ZHANG Chunnuan ,
  • WANG Aimin ,
  • LIU Fei ,
  • YANG Wenping ,
  • YU Yebing ,
  • REN Shengjie ,
  • ZHANG Wuxiao
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  • 1. College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224000, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China

Received date: 2021-12-26

  Online published: 2022-07-14

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摘要

本试验通过6周的养殖试验研究饲料胆固醇水平对克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）生长性能、体组成、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力和脂代谢相关基因表达的影响。试验配制胆固醇添加水平分别为0（C0）、0.25%（C0.25）、0.50%（C0.50）、0.75%（C0.75）、1.00%（C1.00）的5种等氮试验饲料，饲料中胆固醇实测水平分别为0.06%、0.29%、0.54%、0.81%和1.05%。将225尾克氏原螯虾[初重（4.4±0.1）g]随机分为5组，每组3个重复，每个重复15尾虾。养殖6周后采样进行检测。结果表明：1）随着饲料胆固醇水平从0增加到0.50%，克氏原螯虾增重率和肝胰腺、胃及肠道的脂肪酶活性显著上升（P<0.05），随着胆固醇水平的继续增加而显著下降（P<0.05）。饲料胆固醇水平并未显著影响克氏原螯虾水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分和钙含量（P>0.05），但饲料胆固醇水平低于0.50%时，粗脂肪含量显著下降（P<0.05）。2）与血淋巴液中丙二醛（MDA）含量相反，血淋巴液中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性随着饲料胆固醇水平由0增加到0.50%而显著上升（P<0.05），但随着饲料胆固醇水平继续增加而显著下降（P<0.05）。3）与C0组相比，肝胰脏中肉碱棕榈酰转移酶-Ⅰ（CPT-Ⅰ）mRNA相对表达量随着饲料胆固醇水平增加而显著下降（P<0.05）；肝胰脏中脂肪酸结合蛋白（FABP）与脂肪酸转运蛋白（FATP）mRNA相对表达量在胆固醇添加组显著升高（P<0.05）。由此结果得出，饲料中添加0.50%胆固醇能够促进克氏原螯虾的生长，提高消化组织的脂肪酶活性。饲料中添加胆固醇会抑制脂肪的β-氧化，增加脂肪酸转运，从而影响脂肪代谢，最终增加克氏原螯虾的脂肪沉积。此外，过低或过量的胆固醇均会降低克氏原螯虾血淋巴液的抗氧化能力。综上所述，本试验中克氏原螯虾饲料的胆固醇适宜添加水平为0.50%，此时饲料胆固醇实测水平为0.54%。

关键词： 克氏原螯虾; 胆固醇; 生长; 脂代谢; 抗氧化

本文引用格式

田红艳 , 杨成聪 , 张春暖 , 王爱民 , 刘飞 , 杨文平 , 於叶兵 , 任胜杰 , 张武肖 . 饲料胆固醇水平对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力和脂代谢相关基因表达的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(7) : 4630 -4641 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.051

Abstract

In order to study the effects of dietary cholesterol level on the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism related gene expression of Procambarus clarkii (P. clarkii), five diets with different levels of cholesterol (0, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00%) were designed and used in the present study. The measured cholesterol levels in the diets were 0.06%, 0.29%, 0.54%, 0.81% and 1.05%, respectively. A total of 225 P. clarkii with similar sizes[initial weight=(4.4±0.1) g] were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates in each group, and each replicate contained 15 shrimp tanks. After 6 weeks' feeding trial, samples were collected and tested. The results showed as follows:1) with the increasing of the dietary cholesterol level from 0 to 0.50%, the weight gain rate and lipase activity in the hepatopancreas, stomach and intestines of P. clarkii increased significantly (P<0.05), but decreased significantly as the dietary cholesterol level increasing from 0.50% to 1.00% (P<0.05). Dietary cholesterol level had no significant effects on the whole-body moisture, crude protein, ash and calcium contents among all groups (P>0.05). However, the crude fat content was significantly lower in the P. clarkii fed dietary containing less than 0.50% cholesterol (P<0.05). 2) In contrast to the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in blood lymphocyte of P. clarkii increased significantly with the dietary cholesterol level increasing from 0 to 0.50% (P<0.05), but then decreased significantly with the increasing dietary cholesterol level (P<0.05). 3) Compared with group C0, the mRNA relative expression level of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-Ⅰ (CPT-Ⅰ) in hepatopancreas decreased significantly with the dietary cholesterol level increasing (P<0.05). The mRNA relative expression levels of fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) and fatty acid transport protein (FATP) in hepatopancreas increased significantly (P<0.05) in the P. clarkii fed diet with cholesterol. In conclusion, P. clarkii fed diet with 0.50% cholesterol level can obtain the enhanced growth performance and lipase activity. Dietary cholesterol might affect the lipid metabolism through suppressing the β-oxidation and promoting the transport of fatty acids. In addition, low or excessive cholesterol both can reduce the antioxidant capacity in the blood lymphocyte of P. clarkii. Taken above, the dietary cholesterol suitable supplemental level for P. clarkii is 0.50% in this experiment, while the cholesterol measured level in the diet is 0.54%.

Key words： Procambarus clarkii; cholesterol; growth; lipid metabolism; antioxidation

参考文献

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