动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 12: 7686 - 7700

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.021

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

水飞蓟素对快速型黄羽肉鸡抗氧化能力、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响

  • 周昭彬 ,
  • 王维维 ,
  • 徐钰栋 ,
  • 赖宇谦 ,
  • 白心亮 ,
  • 宋泽和 ,
  • 刘自逵 ,
  • 贺喜
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  • 1. 湖南农业大学动物医学院, 长沙 410125;
    2. 内蒙古昶辉生物科技股份有限公司, 通辽 028400;
    3. 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128
周昭彬(1997—),男,湖南邵阳人,硕士研究生,从事植物提取物畜禽应用研究。E-mail:745902576@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-12

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项（2018YFE0101700）；财政部和农业农村部——国家现代农业产业技术体系资助（CARS-41-Z08）；湖南省科技人才托举工程（2020TJ-Q02）

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Effects of Silymarin on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Function and Intestinal Flora of Rapid Yellow Feather Broilers

  • ZHOU Zhaobin ,
  • WANG Weiwei ,
  • XU Yudong ,
  • LAI Yuqian ,
  • BAI Xinliang ,
  • SONG Zehe ,
  • LIU Zikui ,
  • HE Xi
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  • 1. College of Animal Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Ever Brilliance Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tongliao 028400, China;
    3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

Received date: 2022-05-12

  Online published: 2022-12-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究水飞蓟素对快速型黄羽肉鸡抗氧化能力、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响。试验选取288羽1日龄的黄羽母雏鸡，随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复12羽。对照组（CON组）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加250（S250组）、500（S500组）、750 mg/kg （S750组）的水飞蓟素。试验全期56 d，1~28日龄为试验前期，29~56日龄为试验后期。结果表明：1）与CON组相比，试验前期，S250组、S500组、S750组肝脏总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性及谷氨酸半胱氨酸连接酶催化亚基（GCLC）、核因子E2相关因子2（Nrf2） mRNA表达量显著升高（P<0.05），S500组肝脏SOD和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著升高（P<0.05）；试验后期，S250组、S500组、S750组肝脏T-AOC和GCLC mRNA表达量显著升高（P<0.05），S250组肝脏CAT和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著升高（P<0.05），S500组、S750组肝脏Nrf2 mRNA表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。2）与CON组相比，试验前期，S500组、S750组空肠黏膜干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、免疫球蛋白M （IgM） mRNA表达量显著升高（P<0.05），S250组、S500组、S750组空肠黏膜免疫球蛋白G （IgG） mRNA表达量显著降低（P<0.05）；试验后期，S250组、S500组空肠黏膜IFN-γ、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、IL-6、IgG mRNA表达量显著升高（P<0.05），S250组、S500组、S750组空肠黏膜IgM mRNA表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。3）与CON组相比，试验前期，S250组、S500组、S750组盲肠菌群Chao1、Goods_coverage、Shannon、Simpson和Observed_species指数均显著升高（P<0.05）。4）与CON组相比，试验前期，S250组、S500组、S750组盲肠厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）相对丰度均显著升高（P<0.05），盲肠拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、另枝菌属（Alistipes）、AF12相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）；试验后期，S750组盲肠软壁菌门（Tenericutes）相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05），S500组盲肠布劳特氏菌属（Blautia）相对丰度显著升高（P<0.05）。5）试验前期，CON组肉鸡盲肠的优势菌属为Alistipes、HB2_32_21、AF12和科尔韦尔氏菌属（Colwellia），S250组盲肠的优势菌属为Faecalibacterium和颤螺菌属（Oscillospira），S500组盲肠的优势菌属为乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）。试验后期，S250组盲肠的优势菌属为双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium），S500组盲肠的优势菌属为Anaerofustis。由此可见，饲粮中添加水飞蓟素可以增强快速型黄羽肉鸡肝脏抗氧化能力和空肠黏膜免疫功能，优化盲肠菌群组成，试验前期、后期均以饲粮中添加中剂量（500 mg/kg）水飞蓟素为宜。

关键词： 水飞蓟素; 快速型黄羽肉鸡; 抗氧化能力; 免疫功能; 肠道菌群

本文引用格式

周昭彬 , 王维维 , 徐钰栋 , 赖宇谦 , 白心亮 , 宋泽和 , 刘自逵 , 贺喜 . 水飞蓟素对快速型黄羽肉鸡抗氧化能力、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 7686 -7700 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.021

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silymarin on antioxidant capacity, immune function and intestinal flora of rapid yellow feather broilers. A total of 288 one-day-old yellow-feathered female chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 chicks per replicate. Broilers in the control group (CON group) were fed a basal diet, and others in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 250 (S250 group), 500 (S500 group) and 750 mg/kg (S750 group) silymarin, respectively. The whole experiment lasted for 56 days, with 1 to 28 days of age in the early stage and 29 to 56 days of age in the late stage. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CON group, during the early stage, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and mRNA expression levels of glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in liver of S250 group, S500 group and S750 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the activities of SOD and catalase (CAT) in liver of S500 group were significantly increased (P<0.05); during the late stage, the T-AOC and GCLC mRNA expression level of S250 group, S500 group and S750 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the activities of CAT and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver of S250 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the liver Nrf2 mRNA expression level of S500 group and S750 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the CON group, during the early stage, the mRNA expression levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) in jejunal mucosa of S500 group and S750 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the jejunal mucosa immunoglobulin G (IgG) mRNA expression level of S250 group, S500 group and S750 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05); during the late stage, the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6 and IgG in jejunal mucosa of S250 group and S500 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the jejunal mucosa IgM mRNA expression level of S250 group, S500 group and S750 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the CON group, during the early stage, the indices of Chao1, Goods_coverage, Shannon, Simpson and Observed_species of cecal microflora of S250 group, S500 group and S750 group were significantly increased (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the CON group, during the early stage, the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Faecalibacterium in cecum of S250 group, S500 group and S750 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, Alistipes and AF12 in cecum were significantly decreased (P<0.05); during the late stage, the cecum Tenericutes relative abundance of S750 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the cecum Blautia relative abundance of S500 group was significantly increased (P<0.05). 5) During the early stage, the cecum dominant bacteria of CON group were Alistipes, HB2_32_21, AF12 and Colwellia, the cecum dominant bacteria of S250 group were Faecalibacterium and Oscillospira, and the cecum dominant bacteria of S500 group was Lactobacillus. During the late stage, the cecum dominant bacteria of S250 group was Bifidobacterium, the cecum dominant bacteria of S500 group was Anaerofustis. In conclusion, dietary silymarin can enhance the liver antioxidant capacity and jejunum mucosa immune function of, optimize the cecum flora composition of rapid yellow-feathered broilers, and the dietary medium dose (500 mg/kg) silymarin is appropriate during the early and late stages.

Key words： silymarin; rapid yellow feather broilers; antioxidative capacity; immune function; intestinal flora

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