酵母培养物对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和盲肠微生物区系的影响

赵桂玲; 牛玉; 张瑞强; 代兵; 杨彩梅

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.022

动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 12: 7701 - 7710

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.022

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

酵母培养物对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和盲肠微生物区系的影响

赵桂玲 ,
牛玉 ,
张瑞强 ,
代兵 ,
杨彩梅

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浙江农林大学动物科技学院·动物医学院, 杭州 311300

赵桂玲(1996—),女,河南巩义人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:zgl1078784122@163.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-31

网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

浙江省重点研发计划项目（2021C02008）；浙江省领军型创新创业团队项目（2020R01015）；浙江省"领雁"研发攻关计划（2022C02043）；浙江省重点农业企业研究院（2021Y30004）

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Effects of Yeast Culture on Growth Performance, Immune Function and Cecal Microbiota of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

ZHAO Guiling ,
NIU Yu ,
ZHANG Ruiqiang ,
DAI Bing ,
YANG Caimei

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College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China

Received date: 2022-05-31

Online published: 2022-12-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平酵母培养物对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和盲肠微生物区系的影响。选取1日龄黄羽肉鸡公雏360只，随机分为3个组，每组8个重复，每个重复15羽。对照组（YC₀组）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加1 000（YC₁₀₀₀组）和2 000 mg/kg （YC₂₀₀₀组）酵母培养物。试验期70 d。结果表明：1）与YC₀组相比，YC₁₀₀₀组黄羽肉鸡70日龄平均体重显著提高（P<0.05），1~70日龄料重比（F/G）显著降低（P<0.05）。2）与YC₀组相比，YC₁₀₀₀组和YC₂₀₀₀组黄羽肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白Y含量显著提高（P<0.05），血清白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α含量显著降低（P<0.05），血清白细胞介素-10（IL-10）含量显著提高（P<0.05）；且与YC₂₀₀₀组相比，YC₁₀₀₀组血清IL-1β含量显著降低（P<0.05），血清IL-10含量显著提高（P<0.05）。3）与YC₀组相比，YC₁₀₀₀组和YC₂₀₀₀组黄羽肉鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、过氧化氢酶活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）均显著提高（P<0.05），血清丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低（P<0.05）；且与YC₂₀₀₀组相比，YC₁₀₀₀组血清GSH-Px、T-SOD活性和T-AOC显著提高（P<0.05），血清MDA含量显著降低（P<0.05）。4）与YC₀组相比，YC₂₀₀₀组黄羽肉鸡盲肠微生物Chao指数和Shannon指数显著提高（P<0.05），YC₁₀₀₀组盲肠迷踪菌门（Elusimicrobiota）相对丰度显著提高（P<0.05），YC₁₀₀₀组和YC₂₀₀₀组盲肠拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）；与YC₂₀₀₀组相比，YC₁₀₀₀组盲肠理研菌科RC9肠道群（Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group）相对丰度显著提高（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮添加酵母培养物能够降低黄羽肉鸡F/G，增强血清免疫和抗氧化功能，降低盲肠拟杆菌属相对丰度，提高盲肠理研菌科RC9肠道群相对丰度，且以添加1 000 mg/kg效果为佳。

关键词： 酵母培养物; 黄羽肉鸡; 免疫功能; 炎症因子; 抗氧化功能; 盲肠微生物区系

本文引用格式

赵桂玲 , 牛玉 , 张瑞强 , 代兵 , 杨彩梅 . 酵母培养物对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和盲肠微生物区系的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 7701 -7710 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.022

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary yeast culture on growth performance, immune function and cecal microbiota of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 360 yellow-feathered male chicks of 1-day-old were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control group (YC₀ group) were fed a basal diet, and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1 000 (YC₁₀₀₀ group) and 2 000 mg/kg (YC₂₀₀₀ group) yeast culture, respectively. The experiment lasted for 70 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with YC₀ group, the average body weight of yellow-feathered broilers at 70 days of age in YC₁₀₀₀ group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) from 1 to 70 days of age was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with YC₀ group, the contents of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin Y in serum of yellow-feathered broilers in YC₁₀₀₀ and YC₂₀₀₀ groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), the contents of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in serum were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the interleukin-10 (IL-10) content in serum was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with YC₂₀₀₀ group, the serum IL-1β content in YC₁₀₀₀ group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the serum IL-10 content was significantly increased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with YC₀ group, the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase as well as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum of yellow-feathered broilers in YC₁₀₀₀ and YC₂₀₀₀ groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with YC₂₀₀₀ group, the activities of GSH-Px and T-SOD as well as T-AOC in serum in YC₁₀₀₀ group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum MDA content in was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 4) Compared with YC₀ group, the Chao index and Shannon index of cecal microbiota of yellow-feathered broilers in YC₂₀₀₀ group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the Elusimicrobiota relative abundance in cecum in YC₁₀₀₀ group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the Bacteroides relative abundance in cecum in YC₁₀₀₀ and YC₂₀₀₀ groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with YC₂₀₀₀ group, the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group relative abundance in cecum in YC₁₀₀₀ group was significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary yeast culture can reduce F/G of yellow-feathered broilers, enhance serum immune and antioxidant functions, reduce the Bacteroides relative abundance in cecum, and increase the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group relative abundance in cecum, and the optimal supplemental level of yeast culture is 1 000 mg/kg.

Key words： yeast culture; yellow-feathered broilers; immune function; inflammatory factors; antioxidant function; cecal microbiota

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