研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

不同硒源对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和肠道形态及抗氧化功能、免疫功能和细胞凋亡的影响

  • 沈雨甜 ,
  • 张小东 ,
  • 张玲 ,
  • 王永侠
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  • 1. 浙江农林大学动物科技学院·动物医学院, 临安 311300;
    2. 安徽农业大学动物科技学院, 合肥 230036
沈雨甜(2001—),女,浙江湖州人,本科生,从事家禽营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:202214263@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-06

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(202110341030);浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目(2021XTTGXM04-04);大别山等贫困革命老区、皖北地区和贫困县专项(202004f06020003)

Effects of Different Selenium Sources on Growth Performance and Intestinal Morphology, Antioxidant Function, Immune Function and Apoptosis of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

  • SHEN Yutian ,
  • ZHANG Xiaodong ,
  • ZHANG Ling ,
  • WANG Yongxia
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology·College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China

Received date: 2022-05-06

  Online published: 2022-12-15

摘要

本试验旨在研究不同硒源对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和肠道形态及抗氧化功能、免疫功能和细胞凋亡的影响。选取540只1日龄岭南黄肉雏鸡,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组(CON)饲喂基础饲粮,亚硒酸钠(SS)组和硒代蛋氨酸(SM)组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.15 mg/kg (以硒计)的SS和SM。试验期56 d。结果显示:1)与CON组相比,饲粮中添加SS或SM显著提高了22~56日龄和1~56日龄肉鸡的平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05)。SM组各生长阶段料重比(F/G)较CON组显著降低(P<0.05)。与SS组相比,SM组22~56日龄和1~56日龄ADG显著升高(P<0.05),22~56日龄和1~56日龄F/G显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,饲粮中添加SS或SM显著提高了十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度(VH)及绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值(V/C)(P<0.05),并显著降低了十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度(CD)(P<0.05)。与SS组相比,SM组空肠CD显著降低(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠V/C及空肠VH显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,饲粮中添加SS或SM显著提高了十二指肠黏膜谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TrxR)、血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及空肠黏膜GPx、TrxR和NAD (P) H:醌氧化还原酶(NQO1)活性(P<0.05)。SS组空肠黏膜GPx和TrxR活性显著高于SM组(P<0.05)。SM组十二指肠和空肠黏膜NQO1和CAT活性及十二指肠黏膜总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和HO-1活性显著高于SS组(P<0.05)。4) SS组十二指肠和空肠黏膜丙二醛(MDA)和蛋白羰基(PC)含量及十二指肠黏膜8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)含量显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。SM组十二指肠和空肠黏膜MDA、PC和8-OHdG含量显著低于SS组和CON组(P<0.05)。5) SS组血清免疫球蛋白A (IgA)和免疫球蛋白G (IgG)含量及空肠黏膜分泌型免疫球蛋白A (sIgA)含量较CON组显著增加(P<0.05)。SM组血清IgA、免疫球蛋白M (IgM)和IgG含量及十二指肠和空肠黏膜sIgA含量较CON组和SS组显著增加(P<0.05)。6)与CON组相比,饲粮中添加SS或SM显著提高了空肠黏膜B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)含量(P<0.05),显著降低了十二指肠黏膜半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)含量。与SS组相比,SM组十二指肠和空肠黏膜Bcl-2含量显著提高(P<0.05),空肠黏膜Caspase-3含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加SS或SM均可提高黄羽肉鸡的生长性能,改善肠道形态,增强肠道抗氧化功能和免疫功能,减轻肠道氧化损伤和细胞凋亡,且SM效果优于SS。

本文引用格式

沈雨甜 , 张小东 , 张玲 , 王永侠 . 不同硒源对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和肠道形态及抗氧化功能、免疫功能和细胞凋亡的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 7711 -7722 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.023

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different selenium sources on growth performance and intestinal morphology, antioxidant function, immune function and apoptosis of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 540 one-day-old Lingnan yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 30 broilers per replicate. Broilers in Control group (CON) were fed a basal diet, and those in sodium selenite (SS) group and selenomethionine (SM) group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.15 mg/kg selenium (Se) of SS and SM, respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CON group, diet supplemented with SS or SM significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) from 22 to 56 days and 1 to 56 days of age (P<0.05). The feed/gain (F/G) in any growth period in the SM group was significantly decreased compared with the CON group (P<0.05). From 22 to 56 days and 1 to 56 days of age, the ADG in the SM group was significantly higher than that in the SS group (P<0.05), while the F/G was significantly lower than that in the SS group (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the CON group, diet supplemented with SS or SM significantly increased (P<0.05) villus height (VH) and villus height/crypt depth ratio (V/C) in duodenum and jejunum (P<0.05), and significantly decreased crypt depth (CD) in duodenum and jejunum (P<0.05). In comparison with the SS group, the jejunum CD was significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the duodenum and jejunum V/C as well as jejunum VH were significantly increased in the SM group (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the CON group, diet supplemented with SS or SM significantly increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and catalase (CAT) of duodenal mucosa as well as the activities of GPx, TrxR and NAD(P)H:dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO1) in jejunal mucosa (P<0.05). The GPx and TrxR activities of jejunal mucosa in SS the group were significantly higher than those in the SM group (P<0.05). The NQO1 and CAT activities of duodenal and jejunal mucosa as well as the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and HO-1 activities of duodenal mucosa in SM group were significantly higher than those in the SS group (P<0.05). 4) The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) of duodenal and jejunal mucosa as well as the content of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) of duodenal mucosa in the SS group were significantly lower than those in the CON group (P<0.05). The contents of MDA, PC and 8-OHdG of duodenal and jejunal mucosa in the SM group were significantly lower than those in the SS group and CON group (P<0.05). 5) The contents of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum as well as the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in jejunal mucosa in the SS group were significantly higher than those in the CON group (P<0.05). The contents of IgA, IgG and immunoglobulin M (IgM) in serum as well as the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in duodenal and jejunal mucosa in the SM group were significantly higher than those in the SS group and CON group (P<0.05). 6) Compared with the CON group, diet supplemented with SS or SM significantly elevated the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) content in jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3 (Caspase-3) content in duodenal mucosa (P<0.05). SM group increased (P<0.05) the Bcl-2 content in duodenal and jejunal mucosa was significantly increased as well the Caspase-3 content in jejunal mucosa was significantly decreased in the SM group compared with the SS group (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of SS or SM can improve the growth performance and intestinal morphology, enhance the antioxidant function and immune function of yellow-feathered broilers, and then reduce the intestinal oxidative damage and apoptosis, and the effects of SM is better than those of SS.

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