研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

木聚糖复合酶对肉鸡生长性能和肠道微生物的影响

  • 李洪滨 ,
  • 刘延杰 ,
  • 李方方 ,
  • 朱宇旌 ,
  • 张瑞阳 ,
  • 尹达菲 ,
  • 张勇
展开
  • 1. 沈阳农业大学畜牧兽医学院, 沈阳 110866;
    2. 济南百斯杰生物工程有限公司, 济南 251600
李洪滨(1997—),男,辽宁凌源人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学的研究。E-mail:2353662903@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-13

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

新型酶制剂在肉鸡饲料中的应用效果研究(202010101004252)

Effects of Xylan Compound Enzyme on Growth Performance and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

  • LI Hongbin ,
  • LIU Yanjie ,
  • LI Fangfang ,
  • ZHU Yujing ,
  • ZHANG Ruiyang ,
  • YIN Dafei ,
  • ZHANG Yong
Expand
  • 1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
    2. Jinan Bestzyme Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Jinan 251600, China

Received date: 2022-05-13

  Online published: 2022-12-15

摘要

本试验旨在研究木聚糖复合酶(木聚糖酶为主,呋喃糖苷酶与阿魏酸酯酶为辅的复合酶)对肉鸡的生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、总能表观消化率以及肠道微生物的影响。试验选取体况良好的7日龄白羽肉鸡1 200只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加100、200、300和500 g/t木聚糖复合酶的试验饲粮。试验期共40 d。结果表明:1)在试验前期(7~27日龄),与对照组相比,饲粮添加500 g/t木聚糖复合酶显著提高27日龄体重、平均日采食量和平均日增重(P<0.05),料重比差异不显著(P>0.05);在试验后期(28~47日龄)和在试验全期(7~47日龄),与对照组相比,试验组47日龄体重、平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加500 g/t木聚糖复合酶对粗蛋白质和干物质表观消化率没有显著影响(P>0.05);添加木聚糖复合酶显著提高总能表观消化率(P<0.05),添加100、200、500 g/t木聚糖复合酶分别提高总能表观消化率33.45%、23.18%和36.07%。3)添加200 g/t木聚糖复合酶组的Chao1指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数最高。4)添加100、200 g/t木聚糖复合酶组的未分类瘤胃球菌科、未分类毛螺菌科、脱硫弧菌属以及考拉杆菌属的相对丰度高于对照组(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加木聚糖复合酶的肉鸡死淘率降低、能量消化快、饲料报酬高、微生物菌群区系稳定。在肉鸡玉米-豆粕型饲粮中,试验前期木聚糖复合酶最佳添加量为500 g/t,试验后期木聚糖复合酶最佳添加量为100 g/t。

本文引用格式

李洪滨 , 刘延杰 , 李方方 , 朱宇旌 , 张瑞阳 , 尹达菲 , 张勇 . 木聚糖复合酶对肉鸡生长性能和肠道微生物的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 7723 -7734 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.024

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of xylanase compound (mainly xylanase, supplemented by furan glycosidase and ferulic acid esterase) on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, gross energy apparent digestibility and intestinal microflora of broilers. A total of 1 200 seven-day-old white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 40 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, and the others in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, 300 and 500 g/t xylanase, respectively. The experiment lasted for 40 days. The results showed as follows:1) in the early stage of the experiment (7 to 27 days of age), compared with the control group, dietary 500 g/t xylanase significantly increased body weight at 27 days of age, average daily feed intake and average daily gain (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in feed/gain (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, there were no significant differences in body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain in experimental groups at 47 days of age (P>0.05) at the latter stage of the experiment (28 to 47 days of age) and in the whole experiment period (7 to 47 days of age). 2) Compared with control group, dietary 500 g/t xylanase had no significant effects on apparent digestibility of crude protein and dry matter (P>0.05). The addition of xylanase significantly increased the apparent digestibility of gross energy (P<0.05), and the addition of 100, 200 and 500 g/t xylanase significantly increased the apparent digestibility of gross energy by 33.45%, 23.18% and 36.07%, respectively. 3) The Chao1 index, Shannon index and Simpson index in 200 g/t xylanase group were the highest. 4) The relative abundance of unspecified-Ruminococcaceae, unspecified-Lachnospiraceae, Desulfovibrio and Phascolarctobacterium in 100 and 200 g/t xylanase groups was higher than that in control group (P>0.05). In conclusion, diets supplemented with xylan complex enzyme can reduce the mortality rate, fast energy digestion, high feed return and stable microflora of broilers. In corn-soybean meal diet for broilers, the optimal supplemental dose of xylan complex enzyme is 500 g/t at the early stage of the experiment, and is 100 g/t at the late stage of the experiment.

参考文献

[1] 梁方方, 莫毅, 黄亮华, 等.抗抑制活性木聚糖酶研究进展[J].饲料研究, 2021, 44(11):123-126. LIANG F F, MO Y, HUANG L H, et al.The research progress of resistant xylanse[J].Feed Research, 2021, 44(11):123-126.(in Chinese)
[2] 徐良梅, 陈盈霖, 吕荣创, 等.木聚糖酶及其畜牧业应用研究进展[J].东北农业大学学报, 2016, 47(12):93-100. XU L M, CHEN Y L, LV R C, et al.Progress on xylanase and its application in animal husbandry[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2016, 47(12):93-100.(in Chinese)
[3] 林伟文, 刘桂生.木聚糖复合酶制剂在凉亭肉鸡饲养中的效果研究[J].农业与技术, 2014, 34(8):172-172, 174. LIN W W, LIU G S.Study on the effect of xylan compound enzyme preparation in Liangting broiler[J].Agriculture & Technology, 2014, 34(8):172-172, 174.(in Chinese)
[4] 刘鸫, 方热军.饲用木聚糖酶及其抑制蛋白研究进展综述[J].江西饲料, 2012(3):10-12. LIU D, FANG R J.Review on the research progress of xylanase and its inhibitory protein in feed[J].Jiangxi Feed, 2012(3):10-12.(in Chinese)
[5] 徐叶桐, 曾志凯, 何政肖, 等.木聚糖酶对小麦型基础日粮肉仔鸡生长和消化率的影响[J].饲料研究, 2017(7):1-4, 11. XU Y T, ZENG Z K, HE Z X, et al.Effects of xylanase on growth and digestibility of wheat-based broilers[J].Feed Research, 2017(7):1-4, 11.(in Chinese)
[6] RUTHERFURD S M, CHUNG T K, MOUGHAN P J.The effect of a commercial enzyme preparation on apparent metabolizable energy, the true ileal amino acid digestibility, and endogenous ileal lysine losses in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science, 2007, 86(4):665-672.  
[7] 李世英.草酸青霉α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶系研究及半纤维素酶高产菌株构建[D].硕士学位论文.济南:山东大学, 2020. LI S Y.Study on the α-L-arabinofuranosidases from penicillium oxalicum and the construction of hemicellulase high-producing strains[D].Master's Thesis.Jinan:Shandong University, 2020.(in Chinese)
[8] LYNCH J P, PREMA D, VAN HAMME J D, et al.Fiber degradability, chemical composition and conservation characteristics of alfalfa haylage ensiled with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes and a ferulic acid esterase-producing inoculant[J].Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 2014, 94(4):697-704.  
[9] 张芹.复合酶制剂对肉鸡生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].安徽农业科学, 2012, 40(17):9285-9287. ZHANG Q.Effects of compound enzyme preparation on growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of broilers[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 40(17):9285-9287.(in Chinese)
[10] 李东红, 李永社, 陈清亮, 等.木聚糖酶与其在鸡生产中的应用[J].今日畜牧兽医, 2018, 34(9):58-61. LI D H, LI Y S, CHEN Q L, et al.Xylanase and its application in chicken production[J].Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Today, 2018, 34(9):58-61.(in Chinese)
[11] 丁楠, 邸佳妮, 丁洪涛.木聚糖酶对肉仔鸡前期生长性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].饲料研究, 2020, 43(8):36-38. DING N, DI J N, DING H T.Effect of xylanase on growth performance and carcass traits of broilers in early stage[J].Feed Research, 2020, 43(8):36-38.(in Chinese)
[12] 张依量, 赵国先, 杜健, 等.非淀粉多糖酶对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响[J].饲料工业, 2015, 36(s2):61-64. ZHANG Y L, ZHAO G X, DU J, et al.Effect of non-starch polysaccharide enzyme on production performance and egg quality of laying hens[J].Feed Industry, 2015, 36(s2):61-64.(in Chinese)
[13] 张芹, 毛胜勇, 朱伟云, 等.玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加木聚糖酶对肉鸡生产性能和内源酶活性的影响[J].畜牧与兽医, 2007, 39(8):5-7. ZHANG Q, MAO S Y, ZHU W Y, et al.Effects of xylanase supplementation on growth performance and endogenous enzyme activities of broiler diets based on corn and soybean meal[J].Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2007, 39(8):5-7.(in Chinese)
[14] 武书庚, 齐广海, 姚斌, 等.木聚糖酶对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响[J].中国饲料, 2006(6):20-22, 24. WU S G, QI G H, YAO B, et al.Effect of xylanase on the growth performance of the broiler chicken[J].China Feed, 2006(6):20-22, 24.(in Chinese)
[15] CHOCT M, HUGHES R J, WANG J, et al.Increased small intestinal fermentation is partly responsible for the anti-nutritive activity of non-starch polysaccharides in chickens[J].British Poultry Science, 1996, 37(3):609-621.  
[16] LÁZARO R, GARCÍA M, MEDEL P, et al.Influence of enzymes on performance and digestive parameters of broilers fed rye-based diets[J].Poultry Science, 2003, 82(1):132-140.  
[17] AGGER J, VIKSØ-NIELSEN A, MEYER A S.Enzymatic xylose release from pretreated corn bran arabinoxylan:differential effects of deacetylation and deferuloylation on insoluble and soluble substrate fractions[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010, 58(10):6141-6148.  
[18] YEGANI M, KORVER D R.Effects of corn source and exogenous enzymes on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science, 2013, 92(5):1208-1220.  
[19] 陈丹蝶, 彭翔, 张广民, 等.酶菌复合制剂对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化功能的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2021, 33(10):5557-5568. CHEN D D, PENG X, ZHANG G M, et al.Effects of compound preparation of enzyme and probiotics on growth performance, immune function and antioxidant function of broilers[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(10):5557-5568.(in Chinese)
[20] 张宪.外源淀粉酶对肉鸡饲粮体外养分消化、生长和肠道形态的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.邯郸:河北工程大学, 2018. ZHANG X.Effect of exogenous amylase on in vitro nutrient digestion of diets, growth, and intestinal morphology for broilers[D].Master's Thesis.Handan:Hebei University of Engineering, 2018.(in Chinese)
[21] 刘永超, 刘宁, 石学刚.低能是粮添加术聚糖或复合酶对肉鸡生产性能和养分消化率的影响[J].饲料工业, 2011, 32(16):39-42. LIU Y C, LIU N, SHI X G.Effect of xylanase or multiple enzymes added in low energy diets on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broilers[J].Feed Industry, 2011, 32(16):39-42.(in Chinese)
[22] 黄学琴.复合酶制剂对肉鸭生产性能、养分利用率及钙磷代谢的影响[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学, 2013. HUANG X Q.Effects of enzyme complex on growth performance, nutrient utilization, calcium and phosphorus metabolism of ducks[D].Master's Thesis.Ya'an:Sichuan Agricultural University, 2013in Chinese)
[23] RAZA A, BASHIR S, TABASSUM R.An update on carbohydrases:growth performance and intestinal health of poultry[J].Heliyon, 2019, 5(4):e01437.
[24] ABD EL-WAHAB A, LINGENS J B, CHUPPAVA B, et al.Impact of rye inclusion in diets for broilers on performance, litter quality, foot pad health, digesta viscosity, organ trails and intestinal morphology[J].Sustainability, 2020, 12(18):7753.
[25] 王海英, 呙于明, 袁建敏.小麦日粮中添加木聚糖酶对肉仔鸡生产性能和养分消化率的影响[J].粮食与饲料工业, 2003(12):53-55. WANG H Y, GUO Y M, YUAN J M.Effects of xylanase supplementation in wheat diet on performance and nutrient digestibility of broilers[J].Cereal & Feed Industry, 2003(12):53-55.(in Chinese)
[26] 周晓容.肉鸡饲粮中木聚糖与木聚糖酶关系的研究[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学, 2003:25-27. ZHOU X R.Studies on the relationship between xylanase supplementation and total xylans content in broiler diets[D].Master's Thesis.Ya'an:Sichuan Agricultural University, 2003:25-27.(in Chinese)
[27] 王玲.酶制剂在肉雏鸡饲料中的应用研究[J].饲料研究, 2001(2):31-32. WANG L.Study on the application of enzyme preparation in broiler feed[J].Feed Research, 2001(2):31-32.(in Chinese)
[28] OUHIDA I, PEREZ J F, GASA J, et al.Enzymes (beta-glucanase and arabinoxylanase) and/or sepiolite supplementation and the nutritive value of maize-barley-wheat based diets for broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science, 2000, 41(5):617-624.  
[29] 赵必迁, 张克英, 丁雪梅.非淀粉多糖复合酶制剂对肉鸡养分表观利用率及肠道组织形态结构的影响[J].粮食与饲料工业, 2012(10):49-52. ZHAO B Q, ZHANG K Y, DING X M.Effects of non-starch enzymes preparation on the nutrients apparent avaibility and intestine tissue morphosis of broiler[J].Cereal & Feed Industry, 2012(10):49-52.(in Chinese)
[30] O'HARA A M, SHANAHAN F.The gut flora as a forgotten organ[J].EMBO Reports, 2006, 7(7):688-693.  
[31] 王美艳, 童玉鑫, 闵遥, 等.叶黄素对脂多糖应激黄羽肉鸡生长性能、空肠形态和盲肠微生物的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2021, 33(10):5569-5580. WANG M Y, TONG Y X, MIN Y, et al.Effects of lutein on growth performance, jejunum morphology and cecal microorganisms of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated yellow-feathered broilers[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(10):5569-5580.(in Chinese)
[32] GUO X, XIA X, TANG R, et al.Development of a real-time PCR method for Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in faeces and its application to quantify intestinal population of obese and lean pigs[J].Letters in Applied Microbiology, 2008, 47(5):367-373.  
[33] SHEN J, ZHANG B R, WEI G F, et al.Molecular profiling of the Clostridium leptum subgroup in human fecal microflora by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and clone library analysis[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2006, 72(8):5232-5238.  
[34] ABRAHAMSSON T R, JAKOBSSON H E, ANDERSSON A F, et al.Low diversity of the gut microbiota in infants with atopic eczema[J].Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2012, 129(2):434-440.e2.  
[35] WANG M, KARLSSON C, OLSSON C, et al.Reduced diversity in the early fecal microbiota of infants with atopic eczema[J].Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2008, 121(1):129-134.  
[36] FORNO E, ONDERDONK A B, MCCRACKEN J, et al.Diversity of the gut microbiota and eczema in early life[J].Clinical and Molecular Allergy, 2008, 6(1):11.
[37] AHIR V B, KORINGA P G, BHATT V D, et al.Metagenomic analysis of poultry gut microbes[J].Indian Ournal of Poultry Science, 2010, 45(2):111-114.
[38] OAKLEY B B, LILLEHOJ H S, KOGUT M H, et al.The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2014, 360(2):100-112.  
[39] HUWS S A, KIM E J, LEE M R F, et al.As yet uncultured bacteria phylogenetically classified as Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis and unclassified Bacteroidales, Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae may play a predominant role in ruminal biohydrogenation[J].Environmental Microbiology, 2011, 13(6):1500-1512.  
[40] BALAMURUGAN R, RAJENDIRAN E, GEORGE S, et al.Real-time polymerase chain reaction quantification of specific butyrate-producing bacteria, Desulfovibrio and Enterococcus faecalis in the feces of patients with colorectal cancer[J].Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2008, 23(8 Pt 1):1298-1303.
[41] LI S Y, WANG Z L, YANG Y, et al.Lachnospiraceae shift in the microbial community of mice faecal sample effects on water immersion restraint stress[J].AMB Express, 2017, 7(1):82.
[42] NAGAO-KITAMOTO H, LESLIE J L, KITAMOTO S, et al.Interleukin-22-mediated host glycosylation prevents Clostridioides difficile infection by modulating the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota[J].Nature Medicine, 2020, 26(4):608-617.  
文章导航

/