动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 12: 7801 - 7810

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.031

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

有机微量元素对肉鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、血清指标和粪便中微量元素含量的影响

  • 黄璇 ,
  • 王洲 ,
  • 陈娟 ,
  • 吴淑军 ,
  • 邓萍 ,
  • 李闯 ,
  • 张旭 ,
  • 蒋桂韬 ,
  • 戴求仲
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  • 1. 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所动物营养与饲养技术研究室, 长沙 410131;
    2. 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 湖南家禽安全生产工程技术研究中心, 长沙 410128;
    3. 长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司, 长沙 410300
黄璇(1986—),女,湖南浏阳人,助理研究员,硕士,从事家禽营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:409097385@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-20

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

财政部和农业农村部—国家现代农业产业技术体系；湖南家禽安全生产工程技术中心专项资金（CICAPS）

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Effects of Organic Trace Elements on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Serum Indices and Trace Elements Contents in Feces of Meat Ducks

  • HUANG Xuan ,
  • WANG Zhou ,
  • CHEN Juan ,
  • WU Shujun ,
  • DENG Ping ,
  • LI Chuang ,
  • ZHANG Xu ,
  • JIANG Guitao ,
  • DAI Qiuzhong
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  • 1. Animal Nutrition and Feeding Technology Laboratory, Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha 410131, China;
    2. Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China;
    3. Changsha Xingjia Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Changsha 410300, China

Received date: 2022-05-20

  Online published: 2022-12-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究不同水平有机复合微量元素替代无机微量元素对1~42日龄樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、血清抗氧化和免疫指标以及粪便中铜、铁、锰和锌含量的影响，以确定有机微量元素在肉鸭饲粮中的适宜添加量。试验选择525羽1日龄健康樱桃谷肉鸭，随机分为5个组，每组7个重复，每个重复15羽。对照组饲粮（100%无机组）以无机盐形式按推荐量100%提供微量元素，4个有机组饲粮分别以推荐量的25%、50%、75%和100%添加羟基蛋氨酸螯合形式的铜、铁、锰和锌。试验期42 d。饲粮分为2个阶段（前期1~21日龄和后期22~42日龄）配制，各组除铜、铁、锰和锌外，其他营养水平均保持一致。结果表明：1）各组肉鸭各阶段平均日增重、平均日采食量和末重之间均无显著差异（P>0.05）；与对照组相比，75%和100%有机组后期和全期料重比均显著降低（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，4个有机组肉鸭屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率均有所提高，其中75%和100%有机组达到显著水平（P<0.05）。各组肉鸭胸肌率、腿肌率和腹脂率之间均无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）与对照组相比，4个有机组肉鸭血清总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）和铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（CuZn-SOD）活性均显著提高（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，4个有机组肉鸭血清补体3（C3）和免疫球蛋白A （IgA）含量显著提高（P<0.05），75%和100%有机组血清免疫球蛋白G （IgG）含量显著提高（P<0.05）。5）肉鸭粪便中铜、铁、锰和锌含量均以100%有机组最高，且25%有机组粪便中铜、铁和锌含量均显著低于对照组和100%有机组（P<0.05）。由此可知，以生长性能、屠宰性能、抗氧化能力和免疫性能为评价指标，按照标准推荐量的25%~50%添加蛋氨酸螯合形式的铜、铁、锰和锌能够降低1~42日龄樱桃谷肉鸭粪便中微量元素含量，可达到100%无机微量元素添加量的效果；建议1~42日龄樱桃谷肉鸭饲粮中蛋氨酸螯合形式铜、铁、锰和锌添加量分别为2、15、25和15 mg/kg。

关键词： 微量元素; 肉鸭; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 血清指标; 粪便

本文引用格式

黄璇 , 王洲 , 陈娟 , 吴淑军 , 邓萍 , 李闯 , 张旭 , 蒋桂韬 , 戴求仲 . 有机微量元素对肉鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、血清指标和粪便中微量元素含量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 7801 -7810 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.031

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of organic complex trace elements replacing inorganic trace elements on growth performance, slaughter performance, serum antioxidant and immune indices, and fecal copper, iron, manganese and zinc contents of Cherry Valley ducks from 1 to 42 days of age, so as to determine the appropriate supplemental level of organic trace elements in diets for meat ducks. A total of 525 healthy Cherry Valley ducks of 1-day-old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 7 replicates per group and 15 ducks per replicate. Diet in the control group (100% inorganic group) was provided with 100% of the recommended amount of trace elements in the form of inorganic salts, and those in the 4 organic groups were supplemented with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the recommended amount of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in the form of hydroxy-methionine chelation, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The diets were divided into two stages (1 to 21 days of age in the early stage and 22 to 42 days of age in the late stage), and the nutrient levels of all groups were the same except copper, iron, manganese and zinc. The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences in the average daily gain, average daily feed intake and final weight of meat ducks in all stages among all groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the ratio of feed to gain in the late and whole stages in 75% and 100% organic groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, the dressing percentage, semi-eviscerated percentage and eviscerated percentage of meat ducks in the 4 organic groups were increased, and 75% and 100% organic groups reached a significant level (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in breast muscle percentage, leg muscle percentage and abdominal fat percentage of meat ducks among all groups (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and copper zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) in serum of meat ducks in the 4 organic groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, the contents of complement 3 (C3) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in serum of meat ducks in the 4 organic groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) content in serum in 75% and 100% organic groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). 5) The contents of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in feces of meat ducks in 100% organic group were the highest, and the contents of copper, iron and zinc in feces in 25% organic group were significantly lower than those in the control group and 100% organic group (P<0.05). In conclusion, according to the evaluation indices of growth performance, slaughter performance, antioxidant capacity and immune performance, 25% to 50% supplementation of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in the form of methionine chelated can reduce the content of trace elements in feces of Cherry Valley ducks from 1 to 42 days of age, and can reach the effects of 100% inorganic trace elements supplementation. The recommended supplemental levels of methionine chelated copper, iron, manganese and zinc for Cherry Valley ducks from 1 to 42 days age are 2, 15, 25 and 15 mg/kg, respectively.

Key words： trace elements; meat ducks; growth performance; slaughter performance; serum indices; feces

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