动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 12: 7909 - 7922

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.040

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

高羊毛氨酸硒对陕北白绒山羊羯羊生长性能、血液指标、瘤胃发酵、营养物质表观消化率及氮代谢的影响

  • 李托 ,
  • 屈雷 ,
  • 朱海鲸 ,
  • 李陇平
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  • 1. 榆林学院, 陕西省陕北绒山羊工程技术研究中心, 榆林 719000;
    2. 榆林学院, 生命科学学院, 榆林 719000
李托(1986—),女,陕西礼泉人,讲师,硕士,从事动物营养与遗传研究。E-mail:lituo0105@126.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-20

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目（20JK1017）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2022JQ-187）

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Effects of Selenohomolanthionine on Growth Performance, Blood Indices, Ruminal Fermentation, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Nitrogen Metabolism of Shaanbei White Gashmere Wether Goats

  • LI Tuo ,
  • QU Lei ,
  • ZHU Haijing ,
  • LI Longping
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  • 1. Shaanxi Province Engineering & Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goat, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China;
    2. College of Life Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China

Received date: 2022-05-20

  Online published: 2022-12-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平高羊毛氨酸硒（Se-HLan）对陕北白绒山羊羯羊生长性能、血液指标、瘤胃发酵、营养物质表观消化率和氮代谢的影响。选择6月龄、体重[（26.18±2.71） kg]相近、健康状况良好的陕北白绒山羊羯羊32只，随机分为4组，每组8只羊，进行饲养试验，其中预试期10 d，正试期60 d。基础饲粮硒含量为0.016 mg/kg，各组试验羊分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、71、146、296 mg/kg的Se-HLan的试验饲粮，使饲粮硒含量分别为0.016（Ⅰ组）、0.300（Ⅱ组）、0.600（Ⅲ组）和1.200 mg/kg （Ⅳ组）。饲养试验结束后，所有试验羊进行为期11 d的消化代谢试验，其中预试期7 d，正试期4 d。结果显示：1）随着Se-HLan添加量的增加，试验羊平均日采食量（ADFI）呈现出先增加后降低的二次变化（P<0.05），Ⅲ组平均日增重（ADG）显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ组料重比（F/G）显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。2）与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅲ组血液嗜酸性粒细胞计数和白细胞计数显著升高（P<0.05），添加Se-HLan对其他血常规指标均无显著影响（P>0.05）；随着饲粮Se-HLan添加量的提高，试验羊血清白蛋白（ALB）、总蛋白（TP）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性呈现出先升高后降低的二次变化（P<0.01），丙二醛（MDA）含量则呈现出先降低后升高的二次变化（P<0.01）；Ⅲ组试验羊血清TP、ALB含量及SOD和GSH-Px活性最高，显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅲ组血清MDA含量最低，显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组（P<0.05）；血清尿素氮（UN）含量随着Se-HLan添加量的增加逐渐降低，其中Ⅰ组显著高于Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组（P<0.05）。3）添加Se-HLan有增加瘤胃pH的趋势，但各组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；Ⅲ组瘤胃液氨态氮（NH3-N）浓度极显著高于其他3组（P<0.01）；Ⅲ组乙酸浓度和乙酸/丙酸值最低，显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05）；Ⅲ组丙酸浓度最高，显著高于其他3组（P<0.05）。4）随着Se-HLan添加量的增加，试验羊摄入总能（GEI）、粪能（FE）和可消化能（DE）呈现出先升高后降低的二次变化（P<0.01），Ⅳ组总能表观消化率最高，但各组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。5）添加Se-HLan显著影响营养物质表观消化率，其中Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）表观消化率、中性洗涤纤维表观消化率（NDF）均显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅳ组粗脂肪（EE）表观消化率极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01），Ⅲ组磷（P）表观消化率显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。6）添加Se-HLan影响氮代谢，Ⅲ组食入氮极显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.01）；Ⅲ组可消化氮、沉积氮和氮沉积率均显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05），氮消化率显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。综合本试验测定指标，生长期陕北白绒山羊羯羊饲粮中Se-HLan形式硒的适宜添加量为0.600 mg/kg。

关键词： 高羊毛氨酸硒; 陕北白绒山羊羯羊; 血液指标; 瘤胃发酵; 营养物质表观消化率; 氮代谢

本文引用格式

李托 , 屈雷 , 朱海鲸 , 李陇平 . 高羊毛氨酸硒对陕北白绒山羊羯羊生长性能、血液指标、瘤胃发酵、营养物质表观消化率及氮代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 7909 -7922 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.040

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation of selenohomolanthionine (Se-HLan) on the growth performance, blood routine, rumen fermentation, nutrient apparent digestibility and nitrogen metabolism of Shaanbei white cashmere wether goats. Thirty-two 6-month-old Shaanbei white cashmere wether goats with the similar body weight[approximately (26.18±2.71) kg] and good health were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 8 goats in each. The pre-trial period lasted for 10 days and the experimental period lasted for 60 days. The content of selenium in the basal diet was 0.016 mg/kg, and 0, 71, 146 and 296 mg/kg Se-HLan were added to the basal diet, to make the contents of selenium in diets were 0.016 (group Ⅰ), 0.300 (group Ⅱ), 0.600 (group Ⅲ) and 1.200 mg/kg (group Ⅳ), respectively. After the feeding test, all the experimental goats underwent an 11-day digestion and metabolism test, of which the preliminary test period was 7 days and the formal period was 4 days. The results showed as follows:1) with the increase of Se-HLan addition, the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of the experimental goats showed firstly increased and then decreased in a quadratic manner (P<0.05). Average daily gain (ADG) of the experimental goats in the group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and feed/gain (F/G) in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in the group Ⅰ (P<0.05). 2) Compared with group Ⅰ, group Ⅲ had significantly higher eosinophil count and white blood cell count (P<0.05). Dietary supplemented with different levels of Se-HLan had no significant effects on other blood routine indexes (P>0.05). With dietary Se-HLan level increased, the serum albumin (ALB), total protein (TP) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the experimental goats showed firstly increased and then decreased in a quadratic manner (P<0.01), while malondialdehyde (MDA) content showed firstly decreased and then increased in a quadratic manner (P<0.01). The highest values of serum TP, ALB contents and SOD, GSH-Px activities were found in group Ⅲ, which were significantly higher than those in the group Ⅰ (P<0.05), while MDA content was the lowest, and which was significantly lower than the other three groups (P<0.05). The serum urea nitrogen (UN) content gradually decreased with the increase of Se-HLan supplementation, among which the group Ⅰ had the highest UN content, which was significantly higher than that in the groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ (P<0.05). 3) Adding Se-HLan had a tendency to increase rumen pH, but there was no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). The concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) in rumen fluid in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P<0.01). The acetic acid concentration and acetic acid/propionic acid value in group Ⅲ were the lowest, which were significantly lower than those in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05). The concentration of propionic acid in group Ⅲ was the highest and significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P<0.05). 4) With dietary Se-HLan level increased, gross energy intake (GEI), fecal energy (FE) and digestible energy (DE) in the experimental goats showed firstly increased and then decreased in a quadratic manner (P<0.01), group Ⅳ had the highest apparent digestibility of total energy, but there was no significant difference among four groups (P>0.05). 5) The apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The apparent digestibility of ether extract (EE) in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01), and the apparent digestibility of phosphorus (P) in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). 6) Supplementation of Se-HLan affected nitrogen metabolism, and nitrogen intake in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.01). The digestible nitrogen, deposited nitrogen and nitrogen deposition rate in group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05), and the nitrogen digestibility rate in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). Considering all indexes of this experiment, the appropriate selenium (the form is Se-HLan) supplemental level is 0.600 mg/kg in the diet of growing Shaanbei white cashmere wether goats in growth period.

Key words： selenohomolanthionine; Shaanbei white cashmere wether goats; serum biochemical indices; rumen fermentation; nutrient apparent digestibility; nitrogen metabolism

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