动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 12: 7923 - 7934

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.041

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

不同添加比例发酵桑叶饲粮对湘东黑山羊生长性能、血清指标及肌肉氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响

  • 罗阳 ,
  • 易康乐 ,
  • 何芳 ,
  • 孙鏖 ,
  • 李霞 ,
  • 浣成 ,
  • 叶添梅 ,
  • 李剑波 ,
  • 颜新培 ,
  • 李昊帮
展开
  • 1. 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所, 长沙 410131;
    2. 浙江大学, 动物分子营养学教育部重点实验室, 杭州 310058;
    3. 湖南省蚕桑科学研究所, 长沙 410127
罗阳(1988—),男,湖南张家界人,助理研究员,硕士,从事反刍动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:xinhelu509@163.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-20

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

湖南省创新平台与人才计划（2019NK4194，2021NK4171）；教育部重点实验室开放课题（KLMAN202207）

收起

Effects of Different Adding Proportions of Fermented Mulberry Leaves on Growth Performance, Serum Indexes, Muscle Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Contents of Xiangdong Black Goats

  • LUO Yang ,
  • YI Kangle ,
  • HE Fang ,
  • SUN Ao ,
  • LI Xia ,
  • HUAN Cheng ,
  • YE Tianmei ,
  • LI Jianbo ,
  • YAN Xinpei ,
  • LI Haobang
Expand
  • 1. Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
    3. Sericulture Research Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha 410127, China

Received date: 2022-05-20

  Online published: 2022-12-15

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究不同添加比例发酵桑叶饲粮对湘东黑山羊生长性能、血清指标以及肌肉氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响。选取20只4月龄、健康且体重相近的湘东黑山羊羯羊，随机分为4组，每组5个重复。试验组饲粮含10%（LG组）、20%（MG组）和30%（HG组）的发酵桑叶，对照组饲粮不含发酵桑叶（CG组）。预试期10 d，正试期92 d。结果显示：1）试验组干物质采食量显著高于CG组（P<0.05），MG和HG组平均日增重比CG组分别提高了18.70%、43.40%，但组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；试验组屠宰率显著高于CG组（P<0.05）。2）肌肉pH45 min、剪切力和失水率组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；LG、HG组肌肉滴水率和熟肉率显著高于CG和MG组（P<0.05）。3）试验羊血清生化指标和免疫指标组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；LG、MG组血清中丙二醛（MDA）含量显著低于CG组（P<0.05），HG组血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著低于CG、LG和MG组（P<0.05）。4） LG组肌肉中必需氨基酸和主要鲜味氨基酸含量显著低于CG、MG和HG组（P<0.05）；MG组肌肉中肉豆蔻酸（C14 ： 0）含量显著高于其他组（P<0.05），但其他饱和脂肪酸含量组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；肌肉中单不饱和脂肪酸含量组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；HG组肌肉中γ-亚麻酸甲酯（C18 ： 3n3）、二十碳三烯酸（C20 ： 3n6）、花生四烯酸（C20 ： 4n6）等多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于CG、LG和MG组（P<0.05）。由此可见，添加适宜比例发酵桑叶饲粮能提高湘东黑山羊的采食量、屠宰性能和机体的抗氧化性能，改善肉品质，并促进肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸的沉积，建议饲粮中发酵桑叶的添加比例为20%。

关键词： 发酵桑叶; 湘东黑山羊; 氨基酸; 脂肪酸; 血清指标

本文引用格式

罗阳 , 易康乐 , 何芳 , 孙鏖 , 李霞 , 浣成 , 叶添梅 , 李剑波 , 颜新培 , 李昊帮 . 不同添加比例发酵桑叶饲粮对湘东黑山羊生长性能、血清指标及肌肉氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 7923 -7934 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.041

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different adding proportions of fermented mulberry leaves on growth performance, serum indexes, muscle amino acid and fatty acid contents of Xiangdong black goats. A total of 20 four-month-old Xiangdong black goats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group. Goats in 4 groups were fed diets supplemented with 0 (CG group), 10% (LG group), 20% (MG group), and 30% (HG group) fermented mulberry leaves, respectively. The pre-experimental period was 10 days, and the experimental period was 92 days. The results showed as follows:1) the dry matter intake (DMI) in CG, LG, HG groups was significantly higher than that in CG group (P<0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) in MG and HG groups was increased 18.70% and 43.40% than CG group, respectively, but there was no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). The carcass yield in experimental groups was significantly higher than that in CG group (P<0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in muscle pH45 min, shear force and water loss rate among all groups (P>0.05). The muscle drip rate and cooked meat rate in LG and HG groups were significantly higher than those in CG and MG groups (P<0.05). 3) There were no significant differences in serum biochemical indexes and immune indexes among all groups (P>0.05). The content of malonaldehyde (MDA) in serum in LG and MG groups was significantly lower than that in CG group (P<0.05), the serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in CG, LG and MG groups was significantly higher than that in HG group (P<0.05). 4) The essential amino acid and main umami amino acid contents in muscle in LG group were significantly lower than that in CG, MG and HG groups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences of saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid contents in MG group (P<0.05). The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids which including methyl-γ-linolenic acid (C18:3n3), eicostrienoic acid (C20:3n6)and arachidonic acid (C20:4n6) in HG group were significantly higher than those in CG, LG and MG groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, fermented mulberry leaves can improve dry matter intake, slaughter performance, antioxidant performance and meat quality of Xiangdong black goats, and promote the deposition of amino acids and fatty acids in muscle. It is recommend that the optimal adding level of fermented mulberry leaves in diets is 20%.

Key words： fermented mulberry leaves; Xiangdong black goat; amino acid; fatty acid; serum indexes

参考文献

[1] 刘大林, 张华, 曹喜春, 等.夏季高温胁迫对紫花苜蓿部分生理生化指标的影响[J].草地学报, 2013, 21(5):933-937. LIU D L, ZHANG H, CAO X C, et al.Effects of high temperature stress on the physiological and biochemical characters of alfalfa[J].Acta Agrectir Sinica, 2013, 21(5):933-937.(in Chinese)
[2] 王荟, 赵雁, 邵辰光, 等.高温胁迫对德钦紫花苜蓿形态指标和生理特性的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学), 2013, 28(6):765-768. WANG H, ZHAO Y, SHAO C G, et al.Effects of high temperature stress on morphological indexes and physiological characteristics of Deqin alfalfa[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University (Natural Science), 2013, 28(6):765-768.(in Chinese)
[3] 王雯熙, 杨红建, 薄玉琨, 等.不同品种桑叶营养成分分析与代谢能值评定研究[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2012, 38(3):41-45. WANG W X, YANG H J, BO Y K, et al.Study on nutrient composition analysis and metabolizable energy evaluation of mulberry leaves of different varieties[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2012, 38(3):41-45.(in Chinese)
[4] 吴婧婧, 陆春霞, 董桂清, 等.广西主栽桑树品种的桑枝营养品质和保健功能评价[J].南方农业学报, 2017, 48(9):1715-1721. WU J J, LU C X, DONG G Q, et al.Nutrient quality and healthcare function evaluation for branches of main mulberry varieties in Guangxi[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2017, 48(9):1715-1721.(in Chinese)
[5] 张志飞, 斯达, 孙系巍, 等.洞庭湖区5个紫花苜蓿品种高温期刈割后的表现[J].草业科学, 2017, 34(7):1469-1474. ZHANG Z F, SI D, SUN X W, et al.Effect of cutting under high temperature on regrowth and quality of five alfalfa cultivars[J].Pratacultural Science, 2017, 34(7):1469-1474.(in Chinese)
[6] 娄德钊, 涂娜娜, 卢芙萍, 等.冬伐高度对桑叶产量及品质的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2022, 38(4):23-28. LOU D Z, TU N N, LU F P, et al.Effect of pruning height in winter on the yield and quality of mulberry leaves[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(4):23-28.(in Chinese)
[7] ADEDUNTAN S A, OYERINDE A S.Evaluation of chemical and antinutritional characteristics of obeche (Triplochition scleroxylon) and some mulberry (Morus alba) leaves[J].International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2009, 3(4):381-387.
[8] 罗阳, 李昊帮, 肖建中, 等.发酵桑叶对湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代育肥牛血清生化、抗氧化及免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2020, 32(10):4914-4921. LUO Y, LI H B, XIAO J Z, et al.Effects of fermented mulberry leaves on serum biochemical, antioxidant and immune indexes of Xiangxi yellow cattle×Limousin hybrid F1 fattening bulls[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(10):4914-4921.(in Chinese)
[9] 李昊帮, 罗阳, 肖建中, 等.发酵桑叶对湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代育肥牛屠宰性能、肉品质及肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2020, 32(1):244-252. LI H B, LUO Y, XIAO J Z, et al.Effects of fermented mulberry leaves on slaughter performance, meat quality and contents of amino acid and fatty acid in muscle of Xiangxi yellow cattle×Limousin hybrid F1 bulls[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(1):244-252.(in Chinese)
[10] 肖建中, 刘耕, 李一平, 等.发酵桑叶对新晃黄牛生长性能、血液生化指标、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].蚕业科学, 2019, 45(1):116-121. XIAO J Z, LIU G, LI Y P, et al.Effects of adding fermented mulberry leaf to diet on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, slaughtering performance and meat quality of Xinhuang yellow cattle[J].Acta Sericologica Sinica, 2019, 45(1):116-121.(in Chinese)
[11] 罗阳, 何芳, 浣成, 等.体外产气法评价发酵桑叶对湖羊瘤胃发酵参数的影响[J].福建农业学报, 2020, 35(11):1258-1264. LUO Y, HE F, HUAN C, et al.Utilization of fermented mulberry leaves to enhance ruminant digestion of Hu sheep[J].Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 35(11):1258-1264.(in Chinese)
[12] 杨灿, 唐小武, 欧慧敏, 等.桑叶的营养价值及其在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(5):1388-1396. YANG C, TANG X W, OU H M, et al.Research progress on nutritional value of mulberry leaf and its application in animal production[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(5):1388-1396.(in Chinese)
[13] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会.饲料中水分的测定:GB/T 6435-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2015. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.Determination of moisture in feedstuff:GB/T 6435-2014[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2015.(in Chinese)
[14] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会.饲料中粗蛋白的测定 凯氏定氮法:GB/T 6432-2018[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2018. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.Determination of crude protein in feeds-Kjeldahl method:GB/T 6432-2018[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2018.(in Chinese)
[15] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会.饲料中钙的测定:GB/T 6436-2002[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2002. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Determination of calcium in feed:GB/T 6436-2002[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2002.(in Chinese)
[16] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会.饲料中总磷的测定 分光光度法:GB/T 6437-2002[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2002. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the Peopl's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.Determination of phosphorus in feed-Spectphotometry:GB/T 6437-2002[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2002.(in Chinese)
[17] VAN SOEST P J, ROBERTSON J B, LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 1991, 74(10):3583-3597.  
[18] HE L W, ZHOU W, WANG C, et al.Effect of cellulase and Lactobacillus casei on ensiling characteristics, chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and digestibility of mulberry leaf silage[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2019, 102(11):9919-9931.  
[19] ZHOU Z M, ZHOU B, REN L P, et al.Effect of ensiled mulberry leaves and sun-dried mulberry fruit pomace on finishing steer growth performance, blood biochemical parameters, and carcass characteristics[J].PLoS One, 2014, 9(1):e85406.
[20] HAO Y Y, HUANG S, SI J F, et al.Effects of paper mulberry silage on the milk production, apparent digestibility, antioxidant capacity, and fecal bacteria composition in Holstein dairy cows[J].Animals:an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2020, 10(7):1152.
[21] SUN H, LUO Y, ZHAO F F, et al.The effect of replacing wildrye hay with mulberry leaves on the growth performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics of sheep[J].Animals:an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2020, 10(11):2018.
[22] WANG B, LUO H L.Effects of mulberry leaf silage on antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity and rumen bacterial community of lambs[J].BMC Microbiology, 2021, 21(1):250.
[23] 呼红梅, 郝丽红, 王怀中, 等.发酵桑叶对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体品质和肌肉营养成分的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2021, 33(11):6104-6113. HU H M, HAO L H, WANG H Z, et al.Effects of fermented mulberry leaves on growth performance, carcass quality and muscle nutrients of growing-finishing pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(11):6104-6113.(in Chinese)
[24] 张娜娜, 曹洪战, 李同洲, 等.发酵饲料桑粉对育肥猪生长性能和猪肉品质的影响[J].中国兽医学报, 2016, 36(12):2166-2170. ZHANG N N, CAO H Z, LI T Z, et al.Effect of feeding fermented feed mulberry powder on growth performance and meat quality indicators of fattening pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science, 2016, 36(12):2166-2170.(in Chinese)
[25] 吕金凤, 周婵, 王介平, 等.出栏前30日饲粮添加饲用桑叶粉对育肥猪生长性能和猪肉品质的影响[J].中国饲料, 2022(13):142-146. LV J F, ZHOU CH, WANG J P, et al.Effects of fodder mulberry leaf powder on growth performance and pork quality of finishing pigs before slaughter of 30 days[J]. China feed, 2022(13):142-146.
[26] WANG G Q, ZHU L, MA M L, et al.Mulberry 1-deoxynojirimycin inhibits adipogenesis by repression of the ERK/PPARγ signaling pathway in porcine intramuscular adipocytes[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015, 63(27):6212-6220.  
[27] CHASHNIDEL Y, BAHARI M, TEIMOURI YANSARI A, et al.The effects of dietary supplementation of prebiotic and peptide on growth performance and blood parameters in suckling Zell lambs[J].Small Ruminant Research, 2020, 188:106121.
[28] MIN B R, BARRY T N, ATTWOOD G T, et al.The effect of condensed tannins on the nutrition and health of ruminants fed fresh temperate forages:a review[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2003, 106(1/2/3/4):3-19.
[29] ABARGHUEI M J, ROUZBEHAN Y, SALEM A Z M, et al.Nitrogen balance, blood metabolites and milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows fed pomegranate-peel extract[J].Livestock Science, 2014, 164:72-80.
[30] 凌浩, 郭水强, 李鑫垚, 等.青贮桑叶替代青贮玉米对奶山羊生产性能、乳品质、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2021, 33(6):3389-3399. LING H, GUO S Q, LI X Y, et al.Effects of silage mulberry leaves instead of silage corn on performance, milk quality, nutrient apparent digestibilities, rumen fermentation parameters and serum biochemical indexes of dairy goats[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(6):3389-3399.(in Chinese)
[31] 陶璐璐, 侯启瑞, 戎世芳, 等.日粮中添加桑叶粉对湖羊生长性能、血液生化指标、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响[J].蚕业科学, 2020, 46(1):105-111. TAO L L, HOU Q R, RONG S F, et al.Effect of adding mulberry leaf powder to diet on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, slaughter performance and meat quality of Hu sheep[J].Acta Sericologica Sinica, 2020, 46(1):105-111.(in Chinese)
[32] 钟经波, 侯启瑞, 沈曼曼, 等.桑叶DNJ对新西兰白兔生长性能、血液生化指标、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响[J].饲料工业, 2021, 42(13):53-57. ZHONG J B, HOU Q R, SHEN M M, et al.Effects of mulberry leaf DNJ on growth performance, blood biochemistry index, slaughter performance and meat quality of New Zealand white rabbits[J].Feed Industry, 2021, 42(13):53-57.(in Chinese)
[33] DIMITRIJEVI D S, KOSTICET D, STOJANOVIĆ G, et al.Phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, mineral content and antimicrobial activity of fresh fruit extracts of Morus alba L.[J].Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2014, 53(1):22-30.
[34] WANG B, YANG C T, DIAO Q Y, et al.The influence of mulberry leaf flavonoids and Candida tropicalis on antioxidant function and gastrointestinal development of preweaning calves challenged with Escherichia coli O141:K99[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2018, 101(7):6098-6108.  
[35] ŚPITALNIAK-BAJERSKA K, SZUMNY A, POGODA-SEWERNIAK K, et al.Effects of n-3 fatty acids on growth, antioxidant status, and immunity of preweaned dairy calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2020, 103(3):2864-2876.  
[36] 寇宇斐, 朱文斌, 李飞, 等.饲粮中添加不同比例全株桑枝叶对育肥湖羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清抗氧化指标和瘤胃发酵参数的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2021, 33(5):2776-2785. KOU Y F, ZHU W B, LI F, et al.Effects of diets with different proportions of whole mulberry on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, serum antioxidant indexes and rumen fermentation parameters of fattening Hu sheep[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(5):2776-2785.(in Chinese)
[37] WEN L R, SHI D D, ZHOU T, et al.Identification of two novel prenylated flavonoids in mulberry leaf and their bioactivities[J].Food Chemistry, 2020, 315:126236.
[38] BRZOSTOWSKI H, TAÑSKI Z.Nutritional value of the meat of pomeranian breed lambs and crossbreeds of blackheaded and Texel rams[J].Archiv Fur Tierzucht, 2006, 49:345-352.
[39] DIMOV K, KALEV R, PENCHEV P.Effect of finishing diet with excluded silage on amino-acid, fatty-acid, and mineral composition of meat (longisimus dorsi) in calves[J].Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 2012, 18(2):288-295.
[40] HOFFMAN L C, KROUCAMP M, MANLEY M.Meat quality characteristics of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis).4:sensory meat evaluation as influenced by age, gender and production region[J].Meat Science, 2007, 76(4):774-778.  
[41] HAO L Z, XIANG Y, DEGEN A, et al.Adding heat-treated rapeseed to the diet of yak improves growth performance and tenderness and nutritional quality of the meat[J].Animal Science Journal, 2019, 90(9):1177-1184.  
[42] 王亚男, 冯曼, 周英昊, 等.日粮中添加发酵桑叶对育肥猪生长性能和肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2019(18):57-60. WANG Y N, FENG M, ZHOU Y H, et al.Effects of fermented mulberry leaves on growth performance, amino acid and fatty acid contents in muscle of finishing pigs[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2019(18):57-60.(in Chinese)
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2