研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

饲粮中添加谷氨酰胺对安哥拉兔生产性能和毛囊发育的影响

  • 李玉娟 ,
  • 张原铭 ,
  • 张北育 ,
  • 王斌 ,
  • 刘传华 ,
  • 李福昌 ,
  • 刘磊
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  • 1. 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 泰安 271018;
    2. 蒙阴县畜牧发展促进中心, 蒙阴 276200
李玉娟(1998—),女,河北衡水人,硕士研究生,从事家兔营养与代谢的研究。E-mail:hbhslyj@163.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-15

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

山东省特种经济动物产业技术体系(SDAIT-21-16);山东省农业良种工程(2021LZGC002)

Effects of Dietary Glutamine on Performance and Hair Follicle Development in Angora Rabbits

  • LI Yujuan ,
  • ZHANG Yuanming ,
  • ZHANG Beiyu ,
  • WANG Bin ,
  • LIU Chuanhua ,
  • LI Fuchang ,
  • LIU Lei
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China;
    2. Mengyin County Animal Husbandry Development Promotion Center, Mengyin 276200, China

Received date: 2022-05-15

  Online published: 2022-12-15

摘要

本试验旨在通过在饲粮中添加不同水平的谷氨酰胺,探究饲粮中谷氨酰胺添加水平对安哥拉兔生产性能和毛囊发育的影响。选取8月龄、已剪完第2刀毛、生长状况良好的成年公安哥拉兔200只,随机分为5组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.3%、0.6%、0.9%和1.2%的谷氨酰胺。每组40个重复,每个重复1只。试验期65 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮添加谷氨酰胺能够显著增加产毛量和产毛率(P<0.05),并在添加水平为0.9%时达到最高值;饲粮中添加谷氨酰胺可显著降低料毛比(P<0.05),在添加水平为0.9%时达到最低值;饲粮中添加0.6%、1.2%的谷氨酰胺能够显著降低兔毛的伸长长度、伸长率(P<0.05);添加0.3%谷氨酰胺可显著降低兔毛纤维的纤维细度(P<0.05),添加0.6%和0.9%谷氨酰胺可显著提高粗毛率(P<0.05),饲粮中添加谷氨酰胺可显著降低毛丛长度(P<0.05);饲粮中添加谷氨酰胺有提高初级毛囊密度的趋势(0.05<P<0.10)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加谷氨酰胺显著提高皮肤胰岛素样生长因子-ⅠR (IGF-ⅠR)的基因相对表达量(P<0.05),可显著降低皮肤骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP2)和骨形态发生蛋白4(BMP4)基因相对表达量(P<0.05)。综述所述,饲粮中添加谷氨酰胺提高了安哥拉兔产毛量,IGF-Ⅰ和BMP信号通路参与谷氨酰胺调节毛囊发育过程;本试验建议安哥拉兔饲粮中谷氨酰胺的适宜添加水平为0.9%。

本文引用格式

李玉娟 , 张原铭 , 张北育 , 王斌 , 刘传华 , 李福昌 , 刘磊 . 饲粮中添加谷氨酰胺对安哥拉兔生产性能和毛囊发育的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 8022 -8028 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.049

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary glutamine on the performance and hair follicle development in Angora rabbits. Two hundreds adult male Angora rabbits with similar growth wool yield were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups (40 replicates per group, 1 rabbit per replicate). The control group was fed a basic feed. The experimental groups were added 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9% or 1.2% glutamine in the basic feed, respectively. The experimental period was 65 days. The results showed as follows:compared with the control group, dietary glutamine supplementation significantly increased wool yield and wool yield ratio (P<0.05), and reached the highest value when the supplemental level was 0.9%; dietary glutamine supplementation could significantly reduce feed/wood (P<0.05), and reached the lowest value when the supplemental level was 0.9%; diets supplemented with 0.6% and 1.2% glutamine significantly reduced the elongation length and elongation rate of rabbit hair (P<0.05); supplementation of 0.3% glutamine significantly decreased the fiber fineness (P<0.05), supplementation of 0.6% and 0.9% glutamine significantly increased the coarse wool rate (P<0.05), and supplementation of glutamine significantly decreased the wood length (P<0.05). Dietary glutamine supplementation had a tendency to increase the density of primary hair follicles (0.05<P<0.10). Compared with the control group, the addition of glutamine could significantly increase the gene expression level of insulin-like growth factor-1R (IGF-ⅠR) (P<0.05) and decrease the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) (P<0.05) in rabbit skin. Dietary glutamine supplementation can improve the hair yield of Angora rabbits, IGF-Ⅰ and BMP signaling pathway are involved in the regulation of hair follicle development by glutamine, and the optimal supplemental level of glutamine is 0.9% in diet of Angora rabbits.

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