研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

饲粮中添加壳寡糖对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、屠宰性能、血清生化指标及机体免疫功能的影响

  • 王子平 ,
  • 尹达菲 ,
  • 刘梅 ,
  • 李建涛 ,
  • 杨桂芹 ,
  • 郭东新 ,
  • 李方方
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  • 沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院, 沈阳 110866
王子平(1994—),男,辽宁沈阳人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:2019240337@stu.syau.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2022-05-13

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-15

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-43-B-4)

Effects of Dietary Chito Oligosaccharides on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Slaughter Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes and Body Immune Function of Meat Rabbits

  • WANG Ziping ,
  • YIN Dafei ,
  • LIU Mei ,
  • LI Jiantao ,
  • YANG Guiqin ,
  • GUO Dongxin ,
  • LI Fangfang
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  • College of Animal Science and Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

Received date: 2022-05-13

  Online published: 2022-12-15

摘要

本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加不同水平壳寡糖(COS)对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标及机体免疫功能的影响。试验选取日龄[(35±2)日龄]相近、健康状况良好、体重相近的肉兔300只(公母各占1/2),随机分为6组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只兔。试验采用单因素完全随机设计,对照组包括空白对照组(基础饲粮)、抗生素对照组(基础饲粮+20 mg/kg多黏菌素E)和4个COS组(基础饲粮+50、100、150和200 mg/kg COS)。预试期7 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:1)与空白对照组相比,饲粮添加50、100、150 mg/kg COS能有效提高肉兔平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05);150 mg/kg COS组料重比(F/G)效果最好;50 mg/kg COS组腹泻率最低。2)添加COS对屠宰性能有较好的改善作用,150 mg/kg COS组肉兔全净膛重显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05);与空白对照组相比,各COS组肉兔全净膛率均显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与空白对照组相比,添加COS显著提高肉兔对干物质(DM)、总能(GE)、粗蛋白质(CP)表观消化率(P<0.05),50 mg/kg COS组效果最好。4)与抗生素对照组相比,添加50 mg/kg COS可显著降低肉兔血清中葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)含量(P<0.05)。5)与空白对照组、抗生素对照组相比,50和150 mg/kg COS组肉兔胸腺重均显著提高(P<0.05);100 mg/kg COS组肉兔血清中免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、免疫球蛋白M (IgM)及补体4(C4)的含量最高;200 mg/kg COS组血清中免疫球蛋白A (IgA)含量最高。综上所述,饲粮中添加COS能够通过提高养分表观消化率及其在体内的代谢水平,从而改善肉兔的生长性能,同时可通过提高免疫器官重和血清免疫球蛋白含量来提高机体免疫功能。本试验条件下,饲粮中COS适宜添加水平为50~100 mg/kg。

本文引用格式

王子平 , 尹达菲 , 刘梅 , 李建涛 , 杨桂芹 , 郭东新 , 李方方 . 饲粮中添加壳寡糖对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、屠宰性能、血清生化指标及机体免疫功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(12) : 8038 -8048 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.051

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chito oligosaccharides (COS) on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, serum biochemical indexes and body immune function of meat rabbits. A total of 300 rabbits at similar age[(35±2) days of age], healthy condition and body weight, which were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 rabbits per replicate. In a single factor completely randomized design, the control group consisted of blank control group (basal diet) and antibiotic control group (basal diet+20 mg/kg polymyxin E), and the four COS groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with COS at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days, and the trial period lasted for 35 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with blank control group, dietary 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg COS increased the average daily gain (ADG) of meat rabbits significantly (P<0.05); feed/gain (F/G) in 150 mg/kg COS group had the best effect. The diarrhea rate in 50 mg/kg COS group was the lowest. 2) Dietary COS had a better effect on slaughter performance, and the carcass weight of rabbits in 150 mg/kg COS group was significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with blank control group, the evisceration ratio of meat rabbits in COS groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with blank control group, adding COS significantly increased the apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP) of meat rabbits (P<0.05), and the best effect was in 50 mg/kg COS group. 4) Compared with antibiotic control group, the contents of glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum of meat rabbits in 50 mg/kg COS group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 5) Compared with blank control group and antibiotic control group, thymus weight of meat rabbits in 50 and 150 mg/kg COS groups was significantly increased (P<0.05); the contents of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement 4 (C4) in serum in 100 mg/kg COS group were the highest. The content of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) in 200 mg/kg COS group was the highest. In summary, dietary COS can effectively improve the growth performance of meat rabbits by improving the nutrient apparent digestibility and the metabolic level of nutrients in the body. At the same time, it can improve the immune function of the body by increasing the gland weight of immune organs and the content of serum immunoglobulin. Under the experimental conditions, dietary COS in appropriate level is 50 to 100 mg/kg.

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