1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.1.1 试验菌种和细胞系
1.1.2 主要试剂和仪器
1.2 试验方法
1.2.1 菌株SBC5-3黏附能力检测
1.2.2 菌株SBC5-3对肠道主要致病菌抑制能力检测
1.2.3 菌株SBC5-3抗氧化能力检测
1.2.4 菌株SBC5-3安全性检测
1.2.4.1 溶血活性检测
1.2.4.2 氨基酸脱羧酶活性检测
1.2.5 全基因组测序分析
1.2.5.1 基因组序列构建及功能注释
1.2.5.2 比较基因组分析
表1 26株罗伊氏乳杆菌基因组信息Table 1 Genomic information of 26 Lactobacillus reuteri strains |
| 菌株编号 Strain numbers | 来源 Origin | 基因组大小 Genomic size/Mb | G+C含量 G+C content/% | 项目编号 Project number | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SKKU-OGDONS-01 | 鸡 | 2.3 | 39.0 | PRJNA473291 | |||||
| P43 | 鸡 | 2.1 | 39.0 | PRJNA1024413 | |||||
| 3632 | 鸡 | 2.5 | 38.5 | PRJNA675717 | |||||
| AM-LB | 鸡 | 2.3 | 39.0 | PRJNA880297 | |||||
| CHF7-2 | 鸡 | 2.1 | 38.8 | PRJNA1067331 | |||||
| YLR001 | 牛 | 2.4 | 38.5 | PRJNA682320 | |||||
| SRCM217617 | 牛 | 2.2 | 39.0 | PRJNA932482 | |||||
| DS0384 | 人 | 2.2 | 39.0 | PRJNA791146 | |||||
| SD-LRE2-IT | 人 | 2.3 | 39.0 | PRJNA740036 | |||||
| LTR1318 | 人 | 2.0 | 39.0 | PRJNA576342 | |||||
| ATCC PTA 4659 | 人 | 2.1 | 39.0 | PRJNA943682 | |||||
| VHProbi E18 | 人 | 2.0 | 39.0 | PRJNA785080 | |||||
| DSM 20016 | 人 | 2.0 | 39.0 | PRJNA15766 | |||||
| NL02 | 人 | 2.1 | 39.0 | PRJNA766345 | |||||
| CUDS0384 | 人 | 2.2 | 39.0 | PRJNA1083277 | |||||
| Byun-re-01 | 鼠 | 2.2 | 39.0 | PRJNA427254 | |||||
| M1 | 鼠 | 2.3 | 39.0 | PRJNA983529 | |||||
| RE225 | 鼠 | 2.3 | 38.5 | PRJNA995515 | |||||
| TD1 | 鼠 | 2.1 | 39.0 | PRJNA211728 | |||||
| LL7 | 鼠 | 2.4 | 39.0 | PRJNA554696 | |||||
| I49 | 鼠 | 2.1 | 38.8 | PRJNA317592 | |||||
| YSJL-12 | 猪 | 2.2 | 39.0 | PRJNA476683 | |||||
| 121 | 猪 | 2.3 | 39.0 | PRJNA344848 | |||||
| ZLR003 | 猪 | 2.2 | 38.5 | PRJNA290298 | |||||
| AN417 | 猪 | 2.2 | 39.0 | PRJNA637956 | |||||
| TPC32 | 猪 | 2.2 | 39.0 | PRJNA1065120 |
1.3 数据统计及分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 菌株SBC5-3黏附能力
表2 菌株SBC5-3疏水性、自聚集性、病原菌共聚集性和IPEC-J2细胞黏附指数Table 2 Hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, co-aggregation with pathogens and adhesion index of IPEC-J2 cells of strain SBC5-3 |
| 项目Items | 结果Result |
|---|---|
| 疏水性Hydrophobicity/% | 66.21±1.34 |
| 自聚集性Auto-aggregation/% | 79.26±0.52 |
| 与金黄色葡萄菌ATCC 49521共聚集性Co-aggregation with S. aureus ATCC 49521/% | 47.65±0.97 |
| 与大肠杆菌K88共聚集性Co-aggregation with E. coli K88/% | 16.73±0.69 |
| 与猪霍乱沙门氏菌CVCC3383共聚集性Co-aggregation with S. choleraesuis CVCC3383/% | 23.27±0.86 |
| IPEC-J2细胞黏附指数Adhesion index of IPEC-J2 cells/(CFU/cells) | 4.21±0.43 |
2.2 菌株SBC5-3抑制病原菌能力
图1 菌株SBC5-3抑制病原菌能力A:发酵上清液抑菌效果观察;B:pH 6.2发酵上清液抑菌效果观察;C:发酵上清液抑菌圈直径测定结果(n=3);D:pH 6.2发酵上清液抑菌圈直径测定结果(n=3)。 Fig.1 Anti-pathogens ability of strain SBC5-3 A: observation of antibacterial effects of fermentation supernatant; B: observation of antibacterial effects of fermentation supernatant at pH 6.2; C: measurement results of inhibition zone diameter of fermentation supernatant (n=3); D: measurement results of inhibition zone diameter of fermentation supernatant at pH 6.2 (n=3). |
2.3 菌株SBC5-3胞外产物和胞内产物抗氧化能力
2.4 菌株SBC5-3溶血和氨基酸脱羧酶活性
图3 菌株SBC5-3溶血和氨基酸脱羧酶活性A:溶血活性观察;B:氨基酸脱羧酶活性测定。一号管:氨基酸脱羧酶对照管;二号管:赖氨酸脱羧酶试验管;三号管:精氨酸脱羧酶试验管;四号管:鸟氨酸脱羧酶试验管。赖氨酸、精氨酸、鸟氨酸脱羧酶产生能力判定:对照管与试验管均呈黄色为阴性,对照管呈黄色且试验管呈紫色为阳性。 Fig.3 Hemolytic and amino acid decarboxylase activities of strain SBC5-3 A: hemolytic activity observation. B: amino acid decarboxylase activities assay. Tube 1: amino acid decarboxylase control tube; tube 2: lysine decarboxylase assay tube; tube 3: arginine decarboxylase assay tube; tube 4: ornithine decarboxylase assay tube. Determination of production capacity of lysine, arginine and ornithine decarboxylase production: negative result of both control tube and assay tube displayed yellow, positive result of control tube displayed yellow and assay tube displayed purple. |
2.5 菌株SBC5-3基因组特征
2.6 菌株SBC5-3全基因组序列KEGG功能注释
2.7 菌株SBC5-3全基因组序列毒力基因和耐药基因注释
2.8 菌株SBC5-3细菌素和次生代谢产物预测
2.9 菌株SBC5-3的KEGG数据库益生基因注释
表3 菌株SBC5-3的KEGG注释益生功能相关基因Table 3 KEGG-annotated probiotic functional genes in strain SBC5-3 |
| 功能类别 Functional categories | 相关基因/系统 Related gene/system | 基因名称 Gene name | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
耐酸 Acid resistance | F0F1-ATP酶系统F0F1-ATPase system | atpA、atpB、atpC、atpD、atpE、atpF、atpG、atpH | |||
| 精氨酸脱氨基酶途径Arginine deiminase pathway | arcA、arcC | ||||
| 耐胆盐 Bile salt resistance | 胆盐水解酶系统Bile salt hydrolase system | cbh | |||
抗氧化 Antioxidant | 谷胱甘肽系统Glutathione system | gsr、gshA | |||
| 硫氧还蛋白系统Thioredoxin system | trxA、trxR、tpx、nrdH | ||||
| 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸供应NADPH supply | g6pd、pgd | ||||
维生素合成 Vitamin biosynthesis | 维生素K2合成基因Vitamin K2 biosynthesis genes | menB、menE、menA、ubiE | |||
| 叶酸(维生素B9)合成基因 Folate (vitamin B9) biosynthesis genes | folE、folB、folK、folP、folC、folA | ||||
| 钴胺素(维生素B12)合成基因 Cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthesis genes | pduO、cobQ、cobD、cobP、cobU/T、 cobS/V、cobC | ||||
| 核黄素(维生素B2)合成基因 Riboflavin (vitamin B2) biosynthesis genes | ribBA、ribD、ywtE、ribH、ribE、ribF | ||||
有机酸合成 Organic acid synthesis | 乳酸合成关键酶Lactic acid synthesis key enzyme | ldh | |||
| 乙酸合成基因Acetic acid synthesis genes | pta、ackA | ||||
| 群体感应 Quorum sensing | S-核糖基高半胱氨酸裂解酶 S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase | luxS | |||
黏附分子 Adhesion molecules | 延伸因子Elongation factors | efg、tufA | |||
| 磷壁酸生物合成酶 Teichoic acid biosynthesis enzymes | ltaS、bgsB、dltA | ||||
| 热应激抗性 Heat stress resistance | 热休克蛋白家族Heat shock protein family | DnaJ、DnaK、GrpE、Hsp33、 GroEL、GroES | |||
| 冷应激抗性 Cold stress resistance | 冷休克蛋白家族Cold shock protein family | cspA |
atpA:ATP合酶α亚基 ATP synthase alpha subunit;atpB:ATP合酶β亚基 ATP synthase beta subunit;atpC:ATP合酶γ亚基 ATP synthase gamma subunit;atpD:ATP合酶δ亚基 ATP synthase delta subunit;atpE:ATP合酶ε亚基 ATP synthase epsilon subunit;atpF:ATP合酶b亚基 ATP synthase subunit b;atpG:ATP合酶a亚基 ATP synthase subunit a;atpH:ATP合酶c亚基 ATP synthase subunit c;arcA:需氧呼吸调控蛋白A aerobic respiration control protein A;arcC:精氨酸脱亚胺酶复合体C亚基 arginine deiminase complex subunit C;cbh:胆酰甘氨酸水解酶基因 cholecylglycine hydrolase gene;gsr:谷胱甘肽还原酶 glutathione reductase;gshA:γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶 gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase;trxA:硫氧还蛋白 thioredoxin;trxR:硫氧还蛋白还原酶 thioredoxin reductase;tpx:硫醇过氧化物酶 thiol peroxidase;nrdH:类硫氧还蛋白NrdH NrdH-glutaredoxin-like protein;g6pd:葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;pgd:磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase;menB:二羟苯甲酸-AMP连接酶 dihydroxybenzoate-AMP ligase;menE:2-琥珀酰苯甲酸-CoA连接酶 2-succinylbenzoate-CoA ligase;menA:去甲基甲萘醌甲基转移酶 demethylmenaquinone methyltransferase;ubiE:泛醌/甲萘醌甲基转移酶 ubiquinone/menaquinone methyltransferase;folE:GTP环化水解酶I GTP cyclohydrolase I;folB:二氢蝶酸合酶 dihydropteroate synthase;folK:二氢蝶啶焦磷酸激酶 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophosphokinase;folP:二氢蝶酸合酶 dihydropteroate synthase;folC:叶酰聚谷氨酸合酶 folylpolyglutamate synthase;folA:二氢叶酸还原酶 dihydrofolate reductase;pduO:钴胺素腺苷转移酶 cobalamin adenosyltransferase;cobQ:钴胺素合成蛋白CobQ cobalamin biosynthesis protein CobQ;cobD:钴啉胺酸激酶 cobinamide kinase;cobP:钴胺素合成蛋白CobP cobalamin biosynthesis protein CobP;cobU/T:钴胺素合成双功能蛋白CobU/CobT cobalamin biosynthesis bifunctional protein CobU/CobT;cobS/V:钴胺素合酶CobS/CobV cobalamin synthase CobS/CobV;cobC:钴胺素合成蛋白CobC cobalamin biosynthesis protein CobC;ribBA:核黄素合成双功能蛋白RibBA riboflavin biosynthesis bifunctional protein RibBA;ribD:核黄素合成蛋白RibD riboflavin biosynthesis protein RibD;ywtE:核黄素激酶 riboflavin kinase;ribH:6,7-二甲基-8-核糖基荧光素合酶 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase;ribE:核黄素合酶α亚基 riboflavin synthase subunit alpha;ribF:核黄素激酶/FAD合成酶 riboflavin kinase/FAD synthetase;ldh:乳酸脱氢酶 lactate dehydrogenase;pta:磷酸乙酰转移酶 phosphate acetyltransferase;ackA:乙酸激酶acetate kinase;luxS:S-核糖基高半胱氨酸裂解酶 S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase;efg:延伸因子G elongation factor G;tufA:延伸因子Tu elongation factor Tu;ltaS:脂磷壁酸合酶 lipoteichoic acid synthase;bgsB:β-葡萄糖基转移酶 beta-glucosyltransferase;dltA:D-丙氨酰脂磷壁酸合成蛋白DltA D-alanyl-lipoteichoic acid biosynthesis protein DltA;DnaJ:热休克蛋白40分子伴侣蛋白 Hsp40 chaperone protein;DnaK:热休克蛋白70分子伴侣蛋白 Hsp70 chaperone protein;GrpE:核苷酸交换因子GrpE nucleotide exchange factor GrpE;Hsp33:热休克蛋白33 heat shock protein 33;GroEL:伴侣蛋白GroEL chaperonin GroEL;GroES:伴侣蛋白GroES chaperonin GroES;cspA:冷休克蛋白A cold shock protein A。 |

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