1 材料与方法
1.1 试验设计
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of basal diets (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目 Items | 含量Content | |
|---|---|---|
| 第1~28天 Days 1 to 28 | 第29~70天 Days 29 to 70 | |
| 原料Ingredients | ||
| 玉米Corn | 44.05 | 44.94 |
| 苜蓿粉Alfalfa meal | 11.90 | 12.12 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 11.90 | 8.89 |
| 麦麸Wheat bran | 13.10 | 13.13 |
| 玉米秸秆Corn straw | 14.29 | 16.16 |
| 预混料Premix1) | 4.76 | 4.76 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels2) | ||
| 干物质DM | 90.22 | 89.73 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 13.57 | 10.25 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 4.17 | 3.15 |
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 47.87 | 30.37 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 16.43 | 20.15 |
| 磷P | 0.77 | 0.77 |
| 钙Ca | 1.72 | 1.88 |
| 代谢能ME/(MJ/kg) | 10.50 | 10.98 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kg of diets:VA 15 000 IU,VD3 3 000 IU,VE 40 IU,VB6 3.0 mg,烟酸 niacin 25 mg,生物素 biotin 2.2 mg,Fe 30 mg,Cu 8 mg,Mn 55 mg,Zn 65 mg,I 0.9 mg,Se 0.35 mg,Co 0.65 mg。 | |
2)代谢能为计算值[11],其余为实测值。ME was a calculated value[11], while the others were measured values. |
1.2 饲养管理
1.3 测定指标和方法
1.3.1 饲粮营养成分
1.3.2 生长性能
1.3.3 血清生化指标
1.3.4 屠宰性能
1.3.5 肉品质
1.4 数据统计分析
2 结果
2.1 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊生长性能的影响
表2 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊生长性能的影响Table 2 Effects of NCG on growth performance of Dorper and Hu hybrid F1 lambs during fattening period |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照Control | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | ||
| 初重IBW/kg | 24.45±0.25 | 24.38±0.14 | 24.41±0.08 | 24.57±0.25 | 0.652 |
| 末重FBW/kg | 38.29±0.44c | 40.78±0.79b | 41.33±0.38b | 42.88±0.94a | 0.001 |
| 平均日增重ADG/(g/d) | 211.67±6.11c | 230.67±10.02b | 248.67±6.35b | 257.67±15.28a | 0.002 |
| 平均日采食量ADFI/(kg/d) | 1.45±0.01 | 1.52±0.01 | 1.49±0.02 | 1.50±0.06 | 0.102 |
| 料重比F/G | 7.37±1.48 | 5.71±0.54 | 6.80±0.74 | 6.00±0.50 | 0.179 |
2.2 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊血清生化指标的影响
表3 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊血清生化指标的影响Table 3 Effects of NCG on serum biochemical indices of Dorper and Hu hybrid F1 lambs during fattening period |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照Control | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | ||
| 总蛋白TP/(g/L) | 60.25±5.73 | 59.90±4.00 | 58.60±3.11 | 61.10±1.41 | 0.931 |
| 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 HDL-C/(mmol/L) | 1.14±0.17 | 0.90±0.07 | 0.80±0.04 | 0.94±0.22 | 0.089 |
| 低密度脂蛋白固醇 LDL-C/(mmol/L) | 0.88±0.01 | 0.83±0.07 | 0.69±0.05 | 0.67±0.14 | 0.067 |
| 甘油三酯TG/(mmol/L) | 0.22±0.03 | 0.14±0.02 | 0.33±0.23 | 0.28±0.10 | 0.350 |
| 白蛋白ALB/(g/L) | 23.95±0.78 | 23.90±0.75 | 22.33±1.87 | 22.85±1.34 | 0.469 |
| 总胆固醇TC/(mmol/L) | 1.71±0.06 | 1.68±0.04 | 1.35±0.05 | 1.37±0.30 | 0.152 |
| 一氧化氮NO/(μmol/L) | 33.08±1.29c | 39.96±2.25b | 42.68±5.27b | 57.00±2.99a | 0.001 |
| 精氨酸Arg/(μmol/L) | 30.34±3.84c | 61.43±1.47ab | 45.86±6.66bc | 75.22±15.61a | 0.025 |
| 尿素氮UN/(mg/dL) | 16.00±1.82 | 14.01±2.84 | 13.80±2.49 | 14.15±2.99 | 0.816 |
2.3 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊屠宰性能的影响
表4 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊屠宰性能的影响Table 4 Effects of NCG on slaughter performance of Dorper and Hu hybrid F1 lambs during fattening period |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照Control | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | ||
| 宰前活重 Live weight before slaughter/kg | 40.50±0.30c | 43.23±0.38b | 43.60±1.01b | 45.70±1.15a | 0.002 |
| 屠宰率Slaughter rate/% | 51.36±0.56 | 51.29±2.22 | 50.86±1.13 | 52.61±1.06 | 0.485 |
| 眼肌面积Loin muscle area/cm2 | 19.61±0.18b | 22.95±1.51a | 23.42±0.38a | 22.70±0.50a | 0.021 |
| 背膘厚Back fat thickness/cm | 8.48±0.76b | 8.54±0.43b | 10.77±0.46a | 11.64±0.17a | 0.001 |
| GR值GR value | 14.55±2.65 | 12.71±0.42 | 14.26±1.12 | 16.11±0.98 | 0.352 |
2.4 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊肉品质的影响
表5 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊肉品质的影响Table 5 Effects of NCG on meat quality of Dorper and Hu hybrid F1 lambs during fattening period |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照Control | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | ||
| pH45 min | 5.87±0.09 | 6.09±0.06 | 5.98±0.05 | 5.90±0.18 | 0.131 |
| pH24 h | 5.33±0.33 | 5.43±0.13 | 5.46±0.23 | 5.36±0.10 | 0.853 |
| 亮度L* | 38.70±1.38 | 39.88±0.16 | 39.65±1.04 | 40.96±0.15 | 0.208 |
| 红度a* | 13.61±0.94 | 15.30±0.26 | 15.57±0.83 | 14.98±1.07 | 0.158 |
| 黄度b* | 8.70±0.47 | 8.15±0.11 | 9.07±0.84 | 8.69±0.50 | 0.435 |
| 剪切力Shear force/N | 68.52±1.36a | 54.29±1.28b | 54.88±2.91b | 56.50±2.16b | 0.006 |
| 系水力Water holding capacity/% | 45.30±0.97 | 46.35±3.86 | 48.48±2.36 | 51.01±3.02 | 0.132 |
| 蒸煮损失Cooking loss/% | 44.00±0.76a | 42.59±0.75ab | 41.23±0.83bc | 40.56±1.41c | 0.011 |
| 滴水损失Drip loss/% | 6.42±0.38a | 5.15±0.94bc | 5.68±0.22ab | 4.06±0.70c | 0.010 |
2.5 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊增重效益的影响
表6 NCG对育肥期杜湖杂交F1代羔羊增重效益的影响Table 6 Effects of NCG on weight gain benefits of Dorper and Hu hybrid F1 lambs during fattening period |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照Control | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | |
| 饲料成本Feed cost/(元/kg) | 2.48 | 2.51 | 2.54 | 2.57 |
| 每日饲料成本Daily feed cost/(元/只) | 3.59 | 3.81 | 3.78 | 3.85 |
| 饲料总成本Total feed cost/元 | 251.50 | 266.83 | 264.69 | 269.62 |
| 总增重Total weight gain/kg | 13.84 | 16.40 | 16.92 | 18.31 |
| 增重收入Weight gain income/(元/只) | 359.84 | 426.40 | 439.92 | 476.06 |
| 毛重价格Live weight price/(元/kg) | 26.00 | 26.00 | 26.00 | 26.00 |
| 净利润Net profit/元 | 108.34 | 159.57 | 175.23 | 206.44 |
| 平均日增重利润Average daily gain profit/(元/只) | 7.83 | 9.73 | 10.36 | 11.27 |

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