1 材料与方法
1.1 文献检索与数据收集
1.2 统计方法
2 结果与分析
2.1 饲粮中谷物种类和加工方式对奶牛淀粉消化的影响
表1 不同谷物饲粮淀粉在奶牛瘤胃中的降解度和全消化道消化率Table 1 Ruminal degradability and total-tract digestibility of starch in different cereal-based diets for dairy cows % |
| 项目 Items | 玉米 Corn | 小麦 Wheat | 大麦 Barley | 高粱 Sorghum | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 重复数n | 121 | 27 | 65 | 19 | ||
| 瘤胃降解度Ruminal degradability | 54.73c | 81.33a | 66.53b | 73.04b | 1.097 | <0.001 |
| 全消化道消化率Total-tract digestibility | 92.70bc | 97.09a | 90.73c | 94.47ab | 0.406 | <0.001 |
重复数代表从文献里筛选并收录到数据集中的数据条目数量。同行数据肩标无字母或相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
n represented the number of independent data entries screened and included in the dataset from relevant literature. In the same row, values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
表2 不同加工方式谷物饲粮淀粉在奶牛瘤胃中的降解度和全消化道消化率Table 2 Ruminal degradability and total-tract digestibility of starch in differently processed cereal-based diets for dairy cows % |
| 项目 Items | 干粉碎 Dry-ground | 干碾压 Dry-rolled | 蒸汽压片 Steam-flaked | 高湿 High-moisture | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
玉米Corn | 重复数n | 93 | 14 | 15 | 4 | ||
| 瘤胃降解度 Ruminal degradability | 52.82b | 55.04b | 61.91ab | 73.65a | 1.316 | 0.007 | |
| 全消化道消化率 Total-tract digestibility | 93.43a | 86.51b | 93.00a | 95.12a | 0.572 | 0.002 | |
小麦Wheat | 重复数n | 20 | 6 | - | - | ||
| 瘤胃降解度 Ruminal degradability | 82.30 | 80.25 | - | - | 1.537 | 0.235 | |
| 全消化道消化率 Total-tract digestibility | 96.98 | - | - | - | 0.401 | - | |
大麦Barley | 重复数n | - | 6 | 49 | - | ||
| 瘤胃降解度 Ruminal degradability | - | 63.31b | 85.23a | - | 1.774 | <0.001 | |
| 全消化道消化率 Total-tract digestibility | - | 90.86b | 95.83a | - | 0.614 | 0.021 | |
高粱Sorghum | 重复数n | - | 4 | 15 | - | ||
| 瘤胃降解度 Ruminal degradability | - | 54.95b | 77.86a | - | 2.480 | <0.001 | |
| 全消化道消化率 Total-tract digestibility | - | 84.63b | 97.09a | - | 1.257 | <0.001 | |
-表示无相关数据。 | |
-indicated no relevant data. |
2.2 奶牛各消化部位淀粉消化率
表3 奶牛各消化部位淀粉消化率的描述性统计Table 3 Descriptive statistics of starch digestibility by different digestive sites in dairy cows % |
| 项目 Items | 重复数 n | 平均值 Mean | 25%百分位数 P25 | 50%百分位数 P50 | 75%百分位数 P75 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 淀粉消化量占摄入量比例Proportion of starch digested relative to intake | |||||
| 瘤胃Rumen | 35 | 71.80 | 57.40 | 79.00 | 86.90 |
| 小肠Small intestine | 35 | 16.70 | 7.02 | 12.08 | 27.30 |
| 大肠Large intestine | 35 | 5.15 | 1.96 | 3.80 | 7.40 |
| 全消化道Total digestive tract | 35 | 93.36 | 89.20 | 97.30 | 98.89 |
| 淀粉消化量占流通量比例Proportion of starch digested relative to flow | |||||
| 大肠Large intestine | 35 | 55.34 | 37.04 | 60.00 | 69.23 |
| 小肠Small intestine | 35 | 64.65 | 56.58 | 70.00 | 78.00 |
2.3 奶牛淀粉消化对中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和氮消化的影响
2.3.1 淀粉、NDF和氮的摄入量、瘤胃降解及全消化道消化参数的相关性分析
图2 淀粉、NDF和氮的摄入量、瘤胃降解及全消化道消化参数的相关性分析RDS:瘤胃可降解淀粉 rumen degradable starch。NDF:中性洗涤纤维 neutral detergent fiber。下图同 the same as below。 *表示显著相关(P<0.05),**表示极显著相关(P<0.01)。* indicated significant correlation (P<0.05), and ** indicated extremely significant correlation (P<0.01). Fig.2 Correlation analysis of intake, ruminal degradation and total-tract digestibility parameters of starch, NDF and nitrogen |

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