1 材料与方法
1.1 试验设计和饲养管理
表1 试验饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of the experimental diets (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPG | MPG | HPG | |||||
| 原料 Ingredients | |||||||
| 玉米 Corn | 67.71 | 68.92 | 70.09 | ||||
| 大豆粕 Soybean meal | 16.43 | 18.12 | 18.92 | ||||
| 小麦麸 Wheat bran | 13.53 | 10.03 | 7.43 | ||||
| 石粉 Limestone | 1.33 | 1.49 | 1.67 | ||||
| 大豆油 Soybean oil | 0.47 | 0.91 | 1.36 | ||||
| 食盐 NaCl | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | ||||
| 微量元素预混料 Trace mineral premix1) | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | ||||
| 维生素预混料 Vitamin premix2) | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | ||||
| 合计 Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||||
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels3) | |||||||
| 消化能 DE/(MJ/kg) | 13.31 | 13.31 | 13.31 | ||||
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 15.02 | 15.09 | 15.25 | ||||
| 钙 Ca | 0.55 | 0.60 | 0.65 | ||||
| 总磷 TP | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.43 | ||||
| 标准回肠可消化赖氨酸 SID Lys | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | ||||
| 标准回肠可消化蛋氨酸 SID Met | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.83 | ||||
| 标准回肠可消化苏氨酸 SID Trp | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.77 | ||||
| 标准回肠可消化色氨酸 SID Thr | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.76 | ||||
1)微量元素预混料为每千克饲粮提供 Trace mineral premix provided the following per kg of diets:Cu 7 mg,Fe 60 mg,Zn 25.185 mg,Mn 25.122 mg,Co 0.1 mg,I 0.3 mg,Se 0.2 mg,Cr 0.1 mg。 |
1.2 指标的测定与方法
1.2.1 生长性能
1.2.2 养分表观消化率
1.2.3 血清指标
1.2.4 骨骼参数
1.3 统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪生长性能的影响
表2 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪生长性能的影响Table 2 Effects of different dietary calcium-to-phosphorus ratios on growth performance of finishing Landrace × Bamei crossbred pigs |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPG | MPG | HPG | ||
| 初重 IBW/kg | 49.67±1.52 | 49.63±1.33 | 49.42±1.25 | 0.991 |
| 末重 FBW/kg | 98.46±2.64 | 99.79±3.81 | 102.96±4.07 | 0.660 |
| 平均日增重 ADG/kg | 0.50±0.02 | 0.52±0.04 | 0.55±0.04 | 0.667 |
| 平均日采食量 ADFI/kg | 2.12±0.04 | 2.14±0.05 | 2.13±0.03 | 0.940 |
| 料重比 F/G | 4.21±0.10a | 4.14±0.05a | 3.87±0.07b | 0.040 |
同行数据肩标相同小写字母或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with the same small letter or no letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different lowercase letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05), and with different capital letter superscripts mean extremely significant difference (P<0.01). The same as below. |
2.2 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪养分表观消化率的影响
表3 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪养分表观消化率的影响Table 3 Effects of different dietary calcium-to-phosphorus ratios on nutrient apparent digestibility of finishing Landrace × Bamei crossbred pigs % |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPG | MPG | HPG | ||
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 68.77±2.39b | 73.85±2.95ab | 79.16±1.05a | 0.049 |
| 粗脂肪 EE | 82.50±1.45 | 84.02±1.76 | 86.59±1.37 | 0.241 |
| 中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 43.32±0.54 | 43.71±0.39 | 44.94±0.76 | 0.202 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF | 48.68±1.61 | 44.22±1.01 | 43.00±2.33 | 0.287 |
| 粗灰分 Ash | 31.90±0.44 | 33.55±0.39 | 33.83±0.64 | 0.069 |
| 钙 Ca | 50.65±2.50b | 59.16±1.47ab | 64.22±3.81a | 0.035 |
| 磷 P | 52.63±1.16 | 50.62±2.53 | 48.65±2.97 | 0.527 |
2.3 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪血清指标的影响
2.3.1 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪血清钙、磷及调节激素含量的影响
表4 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪血清钙、磷及调节激素含量的影响Table 4 Effects of different dietary calcium-to-phosphorus ratios on contents of serum calcium, phosphorus and regulatory hormones of finishing Landrace × Bamei crossbred pigs |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPG | MPG | HPG | ||
| 钙 Ca/(mmol/L) | 2.45±0.04Bb | 2.64±0.03ABa | 2.75±0.07Aa | 0.003 |
| 磷 P/(mmol/L) | 2.24±0.10 | 2.32±0.09 | 2.07±0.06 | 0.142 |
| 1,25-二羟基维生素D3 1,25-(OH)2D3/(pg/mL) | 1.91±0.14C | 2.71±0.12B | 3.36±0.18A | <0.001 |
| 甲状旁腺素 PTH/(pg/mL) | 1 515.75±40.16A | 1 174.58±43.64B | 857.08±34.38C | <0.001 |
| 成纤维细胞生长因子23 FGF23/(pg/mL) | 352.68±6.52A | 307.98±10.60B | 231.42±10.15C | <0.001 |
| 降钙素 CT/(pg/mL) | 396.02±7.87C | 576.83±13.47B | 627.93±23.78A | <0.001 |
2.3.2 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪血清骨形成、骨吸收相关指标的影响
表5 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪血清骨形成、骨吸收相关指标的影响Table 5 Effects of different dietary calcium-to-phosphorus ratios on serum bone formation and resorption relative markers of finishing Landrace × Bamei crossbred pigs |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPG | MPG | HPG | ||
| 碱性磷酸酶 AKP/(U/L) | 131.10±3.27C | 167.25±3.47B | 195.33±4.59A | <0.001 |
| 骨特异性碱性磷酸酶 BALP/(U/L) | 120.30±3.90C | 163.94±7.51B | 197.43±7.91A | <0.001 |
| 护骨素 OPG/(pg/mL) | 1 493.25±71.84C | 1 818.31±63.06B | 2 169.16±63.32A | <0.001 |
| 骨钙素 OCN/(ng/mL) | 3.92±0.25C | 6.16±0.16B | 7.74±0.23A | <0.001 |
| Ⅰ型胶原C端肽 CTX-Ⅰ/(ng/mL) | 6.15±0.19Aa | 5.99±0.09Aa | 4.51±0.19Bb | <0.001 |
| 抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b TRACP-5b/(U/L) | 6.32±0.20A | 4.92±0.19B | 3.83±0.15C | <0.001 |
| 骨桥蛋白 OPN/(ng/mL) | 96.96±4.75Bb | 115.71±7.38ABb | 136.17±7.77Aa | <0.001 |
2.4 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪骨骼参数的影响
表6 饲粮不同钙磷比对育肥期“长×八”二元猪股骨骨骼参数的影响Table 6 Effects of different dietary calcium-to-phosphorus ratios on bone parameters of femur of finishing Landrace × Bamei crossbred pigs |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPG | MPG | HPG | ||
| 长度 Length/cm | 21.73±0.28 | 21.90±0.33 | 21.66±0.42 | 0.879 |
| 重量 Weight/g | 286.67±15.04 | 286.67±11.89 | 290.00±17.67 | 0.984 |
| 骨指数 Bone index/(g/kg) | 2.93±0.18 | 2.90±0.12 | 2.83±0.16 | 0.889 |
| 钙含量 Calcium content/% | 23.51±1.83 | 23.59±0.79 | 24.64±0.89 | 0.784 |
| 磷含量 Phosphorus content/% | 16.58±1.01 | 16.66±0.33 | 17.57±0.45 | 0.530 |
| 粗灰分含量 Ash content/% | 63.92±0.35 | 63.93±1.01 | 64.39±0.54 | 0.860 |
| 骨矿物质含量 BMC/g | 124.81±9.75b | 141.08±8.01ab | 168.89±11.04a | 0.030 |
| 骨矿物质密度 BMD/(g/cm3) | 1.29±0.01C | 1.33±0.01B | 1.37±0.01A | <0.001 |

京公网安备 11010802041926号