1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.1.1 试验动物
1.1.2 主要试剂与仪器
1.2 试验方法
1.3 指标测定
1.3.1 荧光成像检测
1.3.2 苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察
1.3.3 油红O染色观察
1.3.4 实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测
表1 实时荧光定量PCR所用引物序列Table 1 Primer sequences used for RT-qPCR |
| 基因名称 Gene names | 引物序列 Primer sequence (5'—3') | 产物长度 Product length/bp | 退火温度 Annealing temperature/℃ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α PPARα | F:TGTTCGCCAAGGTGCTCCAG R:GCTCATGTCTGTCTCTGTCTTCTTG | 101 | 58.5 |
| 乙酰辅酶A羧化酶 ACC | F:AGCAGATCCGCAGCTTGGT R:ACTTCTGCTCGCTGGGTGG | 136 | 60.5 |
| 脂肪酸合成酶 FAS | F:GCTGGCATTCGTGATGGAGTCGT R:AGGCCACCAGTGATGATGTAACTCT | 162 | 61.0 |
| 甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶 GAPDH | F:GGTGAAGGTCGGTGTGAACG R:CTCGCTCCTGGAAGATGGTG | 233 | 60.0 |
1.3.5 Western Blot检测
1.3.6 TA中TG含量检测
1.4 数据统计与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 TA中MC4R基因敲除效率验证
图1 TA中MC4R基因敲除效率A:CKO模型构建示意图;B:TA中EGFP荧光表达;C:TA中MC4R蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析;D:体形和TA表型变化;E:TA重量、体重和TA重量/体重比值变化。NC:正常对照组;CON:对照组;KO:全身性敲除MC4R基因组;CKO:条件性敲除MC4R基因组。以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义,图中ns表示P>0.05,*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001,****表示P<0.000 1。下图同。 Fig.1 MC4R gene knockout efficiency in TA A: schematic diagram of establishment of CKO model; B: expression of EGFP fluorescence in TA; C: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of MC4R protein in TA; D: changes in body shape and TA phenotype; E: changes of TA weight, body weight and TA weight/body weight ratio. NC: normal control group; CON: control group; KO: systemic MC4R gene knockout group; CKO: conditional MC4R gene knockout group. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. In the figure, ns indicated P>0.05, * indicated P<0.05, ** indicated P<0.01, *** indicated P<0.001, and **** indicated P<0.000 1. The same applied to the following figures. |
2.2 TA中敲除MC4R基因对肌内脂肪沉积的影响
图2 TA成脂形态与TG含量A:NC组TA组织HE染色切片观察;B:CON组TA组织HE染色切片;C:KO组TA组织HE染色切片;D:CKO组TA组织HE染色切片;E:TA中TG含量。图中箭头所示为脂肪细胞聚集。 Fig.2 TA adipogenic morphology and TG content A: observation of HE-stained section of TA tissue from the NC group; B: observation of HE-stained section of TA tissue from the CON group; C: observation of HE-stained section of TA tissue from the KO group; D: observation of HE-stained section of TA tissue from the CKO group; E: TG content in TA. The arrows in the figure point to the accumulation of adipocytes. |
2.3 TA中敲除MC4R基因对脂代谢相关基因表达的影响
图3 TA中敲除MC4R基因对脂代谢相关基因表达的影响A:NC组TA组织油红O染色切片观察;B:CON组TA组织油红O染色切片观察;C:KO组TA组织油红O染色切片观察;D:CKO组TA组织油红O染色切片观察;E:TA组织中PPARα、ACC和FAS mRNA表达的相对定量分析。 Fig.3 Effects of MC4R gene knockout in TA on expression of lipid metabolism-related genes A: observation of oil red O-stained section of TA tissue from the NC group; B: observation of oil red O-stained section of TA tissue from the CON group; C: observation of oil red O-stained section of TA tissue from the KO group; D: observation of oil red O-stained section of TA tissue from the CKO group; E: relative quantitative analysis of PPARα, ACC and FAS mRNA expression in TA tissue. |
2.4 TA中敲除MC4R基因对脂代谢相关蛋白表达的影响
图4 TA中敲除MC4R基因对脂代谢相关蛋白表达的影响A:TA中PPARγ蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析;B:TA中aP2蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析;C:TA中pAMPK蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析;D:TA中pS6K1蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析;E:TA中pHSL蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析;F:TA中pERK蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析;G:TA中UCP1蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析;H:TA中GAPDH蛋白的Western Blot检测及相对定量分析。 Fig.4 Effects of MC4R gene knockout in TA on expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins A: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of PPARγ protein in TA; B: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of aP2 protein in TA; C: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of pAMPK protein in TA; D: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of pS6K1 protein in TA; E: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of pHSL protein in TA; F: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of pERK protein in TA; G: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of UCP1 protein in TA; H: Western Blot detection and relative quantification analysis of GAPDH protein in TA. |

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