1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of basal diets (air-dry basis) |
| 项目 Items | 含量 Content | |
|---|---|---|
| 1~22日龄 1 to 22 days of age | 22日龄以后 After 22 days of age | |
| 原料 Ingredients | ||
| 玉米 Corn | 53.25 | 57.32 |
| 豆粕 Soybean meal | 30.71 | 27.24 |
| 次粉 Wheat-middling | 8.00 | 7.00 |
| 大豆油 Soybean oil | 3.00 | 3.50 |
| 磷酸氢钙 CaHPO4 | 1.20 | 1.20 |
| 石粉 Limestone | 1.60 | 1.50 |
| 食盐 NaCl | 0.24 | 0.24 |
| 预混料 Premix1) | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 合计 Total | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels2) | ||
| 代谢能 ME/(MJ/kg) | 12.25 | 12.85 |
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 21.14 | 20.23 |
| 钙 Ca | 1.06 | 0.97 |
| 总磷 TP | 0.70 | 0.67 |
| 有效磷 AP | 0.38 | 0.30 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kg of diets:VA 8 000 IU,VD3 2 000 IU,VE 20.00 mg,VK3 4.0 mg,VB1 2.0 mg,VB2 6.0 mg,VB6 4.0 mg,VB12 0.02 mg,烟酰 nicotinamide 40 mg,D-泛酸 D-pantothenate 12 mg,D-生物素 D-biotin 0.1 mg,叶酸 folic acid 1.0 mg,胆碱 choline 800 mg,DL-蛋氨酸 DL-methionine 1 000 mg,Fe 80 mg,Cu 8 mg,Mn 60 mg,Zn 80 mg,I 0.60 mg,Se 0.30 mg。 2)代谢能和有效磷为计算值,粗蛋白质、钙和总磷为实测值。ME and AP were calculated values, while CP, Ca and TP were measured values. |
1.2 指标测定
1.2.1 饲粮营养水平
1.2.2 胸肌风味物质测定
1.3 数据处理与分析
1.3.1 评估特征性VOCs
1.3.2 统计分析
2 结果
2.1 象洞鸡不同性别之间以及象洞鸡与科宝肉鸡之间胸肌VOCs组成
图1 气相离子迁移谱A:科宝肉鸡气相离子迁移谱;B:象洞鸡气相离子迁移谱;C:雌性象洞鸡气相离子迁移谱;D:雄性象洞鸡气相离子迁移谱。A: gas phase ion mobility spectrum of Cobb broilers; B: gas phase ion mobility spectrum of Xiangdong chickens; C: gas phase ion mobility spectrum of female Xiangdong chickens; D: gas phase ion mobility spectrum of male Xiangdong chicken. Fig.1 Gas phase ion mobility spectrum 横坐标为迁移时间(ms),纵坐标为气相保留时间(s)。The horizontal axis represents the migration time (ms), and the vertical axis represents the gas phase retention time (s). |
表2 特征性VOCs的鉴定Table 2 Identification of characteristic VOCs |
| 序号 No. | 化合物名称 Compound name | 化合物类别 Chemical class | CAS号 CAS No. | 分子式 Formula | 相对分子质量 RMW | 保留指数 RI | 漂移时间 Dt/(a.u.) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 壬醛 Nonanal | 醛 Aldehyde | C124196 | C9H18O | 142.2 | 1 106.5 | 1.499 35 | |
| 2 | (E)-2-辛烯醛 (E)-2-octenal | 醛 Aldehyde | C2548870 | C8H14O | 126.2 | 1 068.1 | 1.331 02 | |
| 3 | 苯乙醛 Benzene acetaldehyde | 芳香醛 Aromatic aldehyde | C122781 | C8H8O | 120.2 | 1 041.0 | 1.269 55 | |
| 4 | 辛醛(M) Octanal M | 醛 Aldehyde | C124130 | C8H16O | 128.2 | 1 010.4 | 1.430 56 | |
| 5 | 辛醛(D) Octanal D | 醛 Aldehyde | C124130 | C8H16O | 128.2 | 1 011.3 | 1.818 44 | |
| 6 | 2-戊基呋喃 2-pentyl furan | 呋喃 Furan | C3777693 | C9H14O | 138.2 | 995.9 | 1.247 59 | |
| 7 | 1-辛烯-3-醇(M) Oct-1-en-3-ol M | 醇 Alcohol | C3391864 | C8H16O | 128.2 | 987.0 | 1.152 45 | |
| 8 | 1-辛烯-3-醇(D) Oct-1-en-3-ol D | 醇 Alcohol | C3391864 | C8H16O | 128.2 | 986.0 | 1.597 42 | |
| 9 | 3-辛醇 3-octanol | 醇 Alcohol | C589980 | C8H18O | 130.2 | 989.9 | 1.423 24 | |
| 10 | 未鉴定化合物1 Unidentified 1 | 未鉴定 Unknown | 992.7 | 1.486 18 | ||||
| 11 | 苯甲醛(M) Benzaldehyde M | 醛 Aldehyde | C100527 | C7H6O | 106.1 | 962.4 | 1.143 16 | |
| 12 | 苯甲醛(D) Benzaldehyde D | 醛 Aldehyde | C100527 | C7H6O | 106.1 | 964.1 | 1.460 18 | |
| 13 | (E)-2-庚烯醛(M) (E)-hept-2-enal M | 醛 Aldehyde | C18829555 | C7H12O | 112.2 | 960.7 | 1.255 84 | |
| 14 | (E)-2-庚烯醛(D) (E)-hept-2-enal D | 醛 Aldehyde | C18829555 | C7H12O | 112.2 | 959.3 | 1.661 51 | |
| 15 | 5-甲基-2-呋喃甲醇(M) 5-methyl-2-furanmethanol M | 芳香醛 Furfuryl alcohol | C3857258 | C6H8O2 | 112.1 | 964.5 | 1.288 90 | |
| 16 | 5-甲基-2-呋喃甲醇(D) 5-methyl-2-furanmethanol D | 芳香醛 Furfuryl alcohol | C3857258 | C6H8O2 | 112.1 | 963.5 | 1.562 34 | |
| 17 | 庚醛(M) Heptanal M | 醛 Aldehyde | C111717 | C7H14O | 114.2 | 903.9 | 1.345 03 | |
| 18 | 庚醛(D) Heptanal D | 醛 Aldehyde | C111717 | C7H14O | 114.2 | 902.8 | 1.695 20 | |
| 19 | 2-庚酮(M) 2-heptanone M | 酮 Ketone | C110430 | C7H14O | 114.2 | 892.8 | 1.264 74 | |
| 20 | 2-庚酮(D) 2-heptanone D | 酮 Ketone | C110430 | C7H14O | 114.2 | 893.6 | 1.624 70 | |
| 21 | 正己醇(M) n-hexanol M | 醇 Alcohol | C111273 | C6H14O | 102.2 | 876.2 | 1.327 18 | |
| 22 | 正己醇(D) n-hexanol D | 醇 Alcohol | C111273 | C6H14O | 102.2 | 873.8 | 1.658 39 | |
| 23 | 未鉴定化合物2 Unidentified 2 | 未鉴定 Unknown | 892.8 | 1.363 11 | ||||
| 24 | 二氢-2(3H)-呋喃酮 Dihydro-2(3H)-furanone | 内脂 Lactone | C96480 | C4H6O2 | 86.1 | 907.8 | 1.085 80 | |
| 25 | 2-呋喃甲醇 2-furanmethanol | 呋喃醇 Furanol | C98000 | C5H6O2 | 98.1 | 863.5 | 1.368 72 | |
| 26 | 2-甲基丁酸乙酯(M) Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate M | 酯 Ester | C7452791 | C7H14O2 | 130.2 | 862.8 | 1.262 06 | |
| 27 | 2-甲基丁酸乙酯(D) Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate D | 酯 Ester | C7452791 | C7H14O2 | 130.2 | 862.4 | 1.632 56 | |
| 28 | (E)-2-己烯醛(M) (E)-2-hexenal M | 醛 Aldehyde | C6728263 | C6H10O | 98.1 | 853.1 | 1.185 72 | |
| 29 | (E)-2-己烯醛(D) (E)-2-hexenal D | 醛 Aldehyde | C6728263 | C6H10O | 98.1 | 852.3 | 1.511 31 | |
| 30 | 1-戊醇(M) Pentan-1-ol M | 醇 Alcohol | C71410 | C5H12O | 88.1 | 765.0 | 1.255 33 | |
| 31 | 1-戊醇(D) Pentan-1-ol D | 醇 Alcohol | C71410 | C5H12O | 88.1 | 765.0 | 1.524 78 | |
| 32 | 己醛(M) Hexanal M | 醛 Aldehyde | C66251 | C6H12O | 100.2 | 796.2 | 1.284 52 | |
| 33 | 己醛(D) Hexanal D | 醛 Aldehyde | C66251 | C6H12O | 100.2 | 795.3 | 1.557 34 | |
| 34 | 甲酸戊酯 Pentyl formate | 酯 Ester | C638493 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 814.6 | 1.300 24 | |
| 35 | 2-羟基丙酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate | 酯 Ester | C97643 | C5H10O3 | 118.1 | 814.6 | 1.529 27 | |
| 36 | 1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one | 酮 Ketone | C1629589 | C5H8O | 84.1 | 694.3 | 1.312 59 | |
| 37 | 戊醛 Pentanal | 醛 Aldehyde | C110623 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 710.4 | 1.182 35 | |
| 38 | 3-甲基-2-丁醇 3-methyl-2-butanol | 醇 Alcohol | C598754 | C5H12O | 88.1 | 685.1 | 1.234 00 | |
| 39 | 乙酸乙酯 Acetic acid ethyl ester | 酯 Ester | C141786 | C4H8O2 | 88.1 | 616.7 | 1.334 39 | |
| 40 | 丁醛 Butanal | 醛 Aldehyde | C123728 | C4H8O | 72.1 | 600.4 | 1.287 30 | |
| 41 | 2-丁酮 2-butanone | 酮 Ketone | C78933 | C4H8O | 72.1 | 598.0 | 1.243 92 | |
| 42 | 2,3-丁二酮 2,3-butanedione | 二酮 Diketone | C431038 | C4H6O2 | 86.1 | 591.5 | 1.174 51 | |
| 43 | 丙醛 Propanal | 醛 Aldehyde | C123386 | C3H6O | 58.1 | 514.9 | 1.131 14 | |
| 44 | 2-戊酮(M) 2-pentanone M | 酮 Ketone | C107879 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 690.5 | 1.124 13 | |
| 45 | 2-戊酮(D) 2-pentanone D | 酮 Ketone | C107879 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 688.4 | 1.360 33 | |
| 46 | 2-甲基-3-庚酮(M) 2-methyl-3-heptanone M | 酮 Ketone | C541855 | C8H16O | 128.2 | 938.9 | 1.281 32 | |
| 47 | 2-甲基-3-庚酮(D) 2-methyl-3-heptanone D | 酮 Ketone | C541855 | C8H16O | 128.2 | 941.2 | 1.681 91 | |
图3 象洞鸡与科宝肉鸡之间以及象洞鸡不同性别之间胸肌VOCs的Gallery Plot图谱Gallery Plot图谱中,每列对应1个样品的完整挥发性信号峰,代表其整体风味指纹;每行对应同1种VOCs在不同样品中的信号强度,从而实现样品间VOCs分布的直观比较。 Fig.3 Gallery Plot map of VOCs in breast muscles between Xiangdong chickens and Cobb broilers and between different genders of Xiangdong chickens In the Gallery Plot map, each column corresponds to a complete volatile signal peak of a sample, representing its overall flavor fingerprint; each row corresponds to the signal intensity of the same volatile organic compound in different samples, so as to realize the intuitive comparison of VOCs distribution between samples. |
2.2 象洞鸡与科宝肉鸡之间以及象洞鸡不同性别之间胸肌VOCs差异
图4 VOCs差异分析A:象洞鸡与科宝肉鸡之间VOCs PCA;B:象洞鸡不同性别之间VOCs PCA;C:象洞鸡与科宝肉鸡之间VOCs OPLS-DA验证;D:象洞鸡不同性别之间VOCs OPLS-DA验证;E:象洞鸡与科宝肉鸡之间QC验证;F:象洞鸡不同性别之间QC验证。 Fig.4 Variance analysis of VOCs A: PCA of VOCs between Xiangdong chickens and Cobb broilers; B: PCA of VOCs between different genders of Xiangdong chickens; C: OPLS-DA validation of VOCs between Xiangdong chickens and Cobb broilers; D: OPLS-DA validation of VOCs different genders of Xiangdong chickens; E: QC validation between Xiangdong chickens and Cobb broilers; F: QC validation different genders of Xiangdong chickens. |
表3 象洞鸡与科宝肉鸡之间胸肌VOCs的绝对含量差异Table 3 Differences in absolute contents of VOCs in breast muscle between Xiangdong chickens and Cobb broilers |
| 序号 No. | 化合物名称 Compound name | 科宝肉鸡 Cobb broilers/ (μg/kg) | 象洞鸡 Xiangdong chickens/(μg/kg) | 差异倍数 Fold change | P值 P-value | 变量重要 性投影 VIP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1-辛烯-3-醇(M) Oct-1-en-3-ol M | 60.06±6.370 | 297.37±11.21 | 5.072 | <0.001 | 2.350 |
| 2 | 丙醛 Propanal | 353.43±25.70 | 501.71±24.54 | 1.454 | <0.001 | 1.880 |
| 3 | 2-丁酮 2-butanone | 285.13±35.24 | 125.68±10.92 | 0.451 | <0.001 | 1.847 |
| 4 | 3-辛醇 3-octanol | 17.95±3.63 | 138.05±9.15 | 7.904 | <0.001 | 1.666 |
| 5 | 1-戊醇(D) Pentan-1-ol D | 8.55±0.72 | 124.67±18.02 | 14.927 | <0.001 | 1.624 |
| 6 | 未鉴定化合物1 Unidentified 1 | 18.20±1.16 | 128.80±18.30 | 7.234 | <0.001 | 1.589 |
| 7 | 丁醛 Butanal | 53.33±5.47 | 140.91±11.41 | 2.707 | <0.001 | 1.423 |
| 8 | 1-辛烯-3-醇(D) Oct-1-en-3-ol D | 15.05±0.92 | 93.59±19.55 | 6.349 | <0.001 | 1.319 |
| 9 | 乙酸乙酯 Acetic acid ethyl ester | 10.22±1.00 | 80.26±13.79 | 8.052 | <0.001 | 1.258 |
| 10 | 1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one | 18.32±3.12 | 86.87±9.58 | 4.861 | <0.001 | 1.254 |
| 11 | 甲酸戊酯 Pentyl formate | 13.96±2.85 | 79.87±10.34 | 5.873 | <0.001 | 1.229 |
| 12 | 2-羟基丙酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate | 4.53±0.96 | 64.02±14.00 | 14.474 | <0.001 | 1.153 |
| 13 | 未鉴定化合物2 Unidentified 2 | 8.33±1.78 | 56.17±6.13 | 6.951 | <0.001 | 1.049 |
| 14 | 2-庚酮(D) 2-heptanone D | 3.19±0.28 | 53.62±18.45 | 17.126 | <0.001 | 1.027 |
| 15 | 苯甲醛(M) Benzaldehyde M | 138.17±12.42 | 182.38±13.93 | 1.352 | <0.001 | 1.014 |
| 16 | 2,3-丁二酮 2,3-butanedione | 157.29±27.78 | 209.37±30.27 | 1.368 | 0.004 | 1.003 |
表4 不同性别象洞鸡之间胸肌VOCs的绝对含量差异Table 4 Differences in absolute contents of VOCs in breast muscle between different genders of Xiangdong chickens |
| 序号 No. | 化合物名称 Compound name | 雄性象洞鸡 Mela Xiangdong chickens/(μg/kg) | 雌性象洞鸡 Female Xiangdong chickens/(μg/kg) | 差异倍数 Fold change | P值 P-value | 变量重要 性投影 VIP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1-辛烯-3-醇(M) Oct-1-en-3-ol M | 296.26±5.38 | 129.80±16.70 | 2.205 | <0.001 | 2.510 |
| 2 | 未鉴定化合物1 Unidentified 1 | 121.96±4.16 | 29.22±4.44 | 4.045 | <0.001 | 1.892 |
| 3 | 3-辛醇 3-octanol | 118.81±4.80 | 28.21±6.12 | 4.077 | <0.001 | 1.872 |
| 4 | 1-戊醇(D) Pentan-1-ol D | 82.03±10.93 | 9.03±0.63 | 8.771 | <0.001 | 1.679 |
| 5 | 1-辛烯-3-醇(D) Oct-1-en-3-ol D | 69.40±8.04 | 15.49±1.04 | 4.328 | <0.001 | 1.439 |
| 6 | 1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one | 86.1±10.52 | 31.00±5.07 | 2.685 | <0.001 | 1.437 |
| 7 | 己醛(D) Hexanal D | 108.21±12.43 | 53.18±17.08 | 1.968 | 0.010 | 1.383 |
| 8 | 1-戊醇(M) Pentan-1-ol M | 71.92±3.76 | 26.84±6.14 | 2.592 | <0.001 | 1.307 |
| 9 | 2-戊基呋喃 2-pentyl furan | 48.34±5.78 | 6.43±1.00 | 7.265 | <0.001 | 1.273 |
| 10 | 2-呋喃甲醇 2-furanmethanol | 43.85±4.14 | 5.89±0.16 | 7.196 | <0.001 | 1.212 |
| 11 | 2-羟基丙酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate | 71.10±16.37 | 29.40±17.76 | 2.321 | 0.044 | 1.150 |
| 12 | 苯甲醛(D) Benzaldehyde D | 73.73±10.40 | 39.60±4.17 | 1.796 | 0.005 | 1.101 |
| 13 | 辛醛(M) Octanal M | 61.40±8.60 | 28.44±5.07 | 2.086 | 0.004 | 1.093 |
| 14 | 2-丁酮 2-butanone | 163.49±21.86 | 123.07±10.64 | 1.283 | 0.040 | 1.079 |
| 15 | 甲酸戊酯 Pentyl formate | 78.16±3.54 | 44.83±14.30 | 1.681 | 0.024 | 1.044 |
2.3 象洞鸡与科宝肉鸡之间以及象洞鸡不同性别之间的胸肌风味特征
表5 VOCs的ROAVTable 5 ROAV of VOCs |
| 项目 Items | 相对气味活性值 ROAV | 主导气味类别 Dominant odor category | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 科宝肉鸡 Cobb broilers | 象洞鸡 Xiangdong chickens | 雄性象洞鸡 male Xiangdong chicken | 雌性象洞鸡 female Xiangdong chickens | ||
| 壬醛 Nonanal | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 脂肪味、蜡味 |
| (E)-2-辛烯醛 (E)-2-octenal | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 青香味、脂肪味 |
| 苯乙醛 Benzene acetaldehyde | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 蜜香味、花香味 |
| 辛醛(M) Octanal M | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 脂肪味、柑橘样味 |
| 辛醛(D) Octanal D | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 脂肪味、柑橘样味 |
| 2-戊基呋喃 2-pentyl furan | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 豆腥味、青草味 |
| 1-辛烯-3-醇(M) Oct-1-en-3-ol M | 0.19 | 0.71 | 0.69 | 0.33 | 蘑菇味、泥土味 |
| 1-辛烯-3-醇(D) Oct-1-en-3-ol D | 0.05 | 0.22 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 蘑菇味、泥土味 |
| 3-辛醇 3-octanol | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 蘑菇味、泥土味 |
| 苯甲醛(M) Benzaldehyde M | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 苦杏仁味、坚果味 |
| 苯甲醛(D) Benzaldehyde D | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 苦杏仁味、坚果味 |
| (E)-2-庚烯醛(M) (E)-hept-2-enal M | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 青香味、脂肪味 |
| (E)-2-庚烯醛(D) (E)-hept-2-enal D | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 青香味、脂肪味 |
| 5-甲基-2-呋喃甲醇(M) 5-methyl-2-Furanmethanol M | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 烘烤味、焦糖味 |
| 5-甲基-2-呋喃甲醇(D) 5-methyl-2-Furanmethanol D | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 烘烤味、焦糖味 |
| 庚醛(M) Heptanal M | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 脂肪味、青草味 |
| 庚醛(D) Heptanal D | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 脂肪味、青草味 |
| 2-庚酮(M) 2-heptanone M | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 奶油味、水果香味 |
| 2-庚酮(D) 2-heptanone D | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 奶油味、水果香味 |
| 正己醇(M) n-hexanol M | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 叶香味、青草味 |
| 正己醇(D) n-hexanol D | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 叶香味、青草味 |
| 二氢-2(3H)-呋喃酮 Dihydro-2(3H)-furanone | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 奶油味、椰香味(内酯) |
| 2-呋喃甲醇 2-furanmethanol | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 咖啡味、焦香味 |
| 2-甲基丁酸乙酯(M) Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate M | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.47 | 0.12 | 苹果味、菠萝味 |
| 2-甲基丁酸乙酯(D) Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate D | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.30 | 0.14 | 苹果味、菠萝味 |
| (E)-2-己烯醛(M) (E)-2-hexenal M | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 青叶味、青草味 |
| (E)-2-己烯醛(D) (E)-2-hexenal D | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 青叶味、青草味 |
| 1-戊醇(M) pentan-1-ol M | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 醇味、面包味 |
| 1-戊醇(D) pentan-1-ol D | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 醇味、面包味 |
| 己醛(M) Hexanal M | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 青草味 |
| 己醛(D) Hexanal D | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 青草味 |
| 甲酸戊酯 Pentyl formate | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 梨味、苹果味 |
| 2-羟基丙酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 水果香味、乳香味 |
| 1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 金属味、青草味 |
| 戊醛 Pentanal | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 青味、坚果味 |
| 3-甲基-2-丁醇 3-methyl-2-butanol | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 醇味、水果香味 |
| 乙酸乙酯 Acetic acid ethyl ester | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 菠萝味、溶剂味 |
| 丁醛 Butanal | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 刺激味、青草味 |
| 2-丁酮 2-butanone | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 溶剂味、甜香味 |
| 2,3-丁二酮 2,3-butanedione | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 奶油味 |
| 丙醛 Propanal | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 刺激味、青草味 |
| 2-戊酮(M) 2-pentanone M | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 水果香味 |
| 2-戊酮(D) 2-pentanone D | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 水果香味 |
| 2-甲基-3-庚酮(M) 2-methyl-3-heptanone M | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 脂肪味、水果香味 |
| 2-甲基-3-庚酮(D) 2-methyl-3-heptanone D | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 脂肪味、水果香味 |

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