1 材料与方法
1.1 质粒与菌株
1.2 主要试剂
1.3 重组表达载体的构建
1.4 重组毕赤酵母的构建
1.5 目的蛋白表达
1.6 最佳发酵时间测定
1.7 目的蛋白纯化
1.8 纯化产物的体外生物活性鉴定
1.8.1 最小抑菌浓度(MIC)与最小杀菌浓度(MBC)
1.8.2 高温、低pH及蛋白酶处理后稳定性
1.8.3 溶血活性
1.9 数据统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 重组表达载体的构建
图1 重组表达载体鉴定A:PCR鉴定;B:双酶切鉴定。泳道M:DNA Marker;泳道1:pGAPZαA-C3M4;泳道2:pGAPZαA-C3M4-CPP;泳道3:pGAPZαA-C3M4-eGFP;泳道4:pGAPZαA-C3M4-CPP-eGFP。 Fig.1 Identification of recombinant expression vectors A: PCR identification; B: double digestion identification. Lane M: DNA Marker; lane 1:pGAPZαA-C3M4; lane 2: pGAPZαA-C3M4-CPP; lane 3: pGAPZαA-C3M4-eGFP; lane 4: pGAPZαA-C3M4-CPP-eGFP. |
2.2 重组毕赤酵母的构建
图2 重组毕赤酵母的PCR鉴定泳道M:DNA Marker;泳道1~3:pGAPZαA-C3M4转化子;泳道4~6:pGAPZαA-C3M4-eGFP转化子;泳道7~9:pGAPZαA-C3M4-CPP转化子;泳道10~12:pGAPZαA-C3M4-CPP-eGFP转化子。 Fig.2 PCR identification of recombinant Pichia pastoris Lane M: DNA Marker; lanes 1-3: pGAPZαA-C3M4 transformant; lanes 4-6: pGAPZαA-C3M4-eGFP transformant; lanes 7-9: pGAPZαA-C3M4-CPP transformant; lanes 10-12: pGAPZαA-C3M4-CPP-eGFP transformant. |
2.3 目的蛋白表达
图3 重组毕赤酵母分泌蛋白鉴定A:Tricine-SDS-PAGE鉴定(泳道M:蛋白质Marker;泳道1~2:C3M4;泳道3~4:C3M4-CPP);B:SDS-PAGE鉴定(泳道M:蛋白质Marker;泳道1~2:C3M4-CPP-eGFP;泳道3~4:C3M4-eGFP);C:Western Blot分析(泳道M:蛋白质Marker;泳道1:C3M4;泳道2:C3M4-CPP);D:Western Blot分析(泳道M:蛋白质Marker;泳道1:C3M4-eGFP;泳道2:C3M4-CPP-eGFP)。黑色箭头指示目的蛋白条带。 Fig.3 Identification of secretory proteins from recombinant Pichia pastoris A: Tricine-SDS-PAGE identification (lane M: protein Marker; lanes 1-2: C3M4; lanes 3-4: C3M4-CPP); B: SDS-PAGE identification (lane M: protein Marker; lanes 1-2: C3M4-CPP-eGFP; lanes 3-4: C3M4-eGFP); C: Western Blot analysis (lane M: protein Marker; lane 1: C3M4; lane 2: C3M4-CPP); D: Western Blot analysis (lane M: protein Marker; lane 1: C3M4-eGFP; lane 2: C3M4-CPP-eGFP). Black arrows indicated the target protein bands. |
2.4 最佳发酵时间测定
图4 重组毕赤酵母分泌蛋白量随发酵时间的变化规律A、B:分泌C3M4重组菌株不同发酵时间发酵上清液的Tricine-SDS-PAGE鉴定及总蛋白浓度;C、D:分泌C3M4-CPP重组菌株不同发酵时间发酵上清液的Tricine-SDS-PAGE鉴定及总蛋白浓度;E、F:分泌C3M4-eGFP重组菌株不同发酵时间发酵上清液的SDS-PAGE鉴定及总蛋白浓度;G、H:分泌C3M4-CPP-eGFP重组菌株不同发酵时间发酵上清液的SDS-PAGE鉴定及总蛋白浓度。泳道M:蛋白质Marker;泳道1:12 h;泳道2:24 h;泳道3:36 h;泳道4:48 h;泳道5:60 h;泳道6:72 h;泳道7:84 h;泳道8:96 h;泳道9:108 h;泳道10:120 h;泳道11:132 h;泳道12:144 h。黑色箭头指示目的蛋白条带。 Fig.4 Dynamics in secretory protein yields of recombinant Pichia pastoris with fermentation time A, B: Tricine-SDS-PAGE identification and total protein concentration of fermentation supernatants from recombinant strain secreting C3M4 at different fermentation time; C, D: Tricine-SDS-PAGE identification and total protein concentration of fermentation supernatants from recombinant strain secreting C3M4-CPP at different fermentation time; E, F: SDS-PAGE identification and total protein concentration of fermentation supernatants from recombinant strain secreting C3M4-eGFP at different fermentation time; G, H: SDS-PAGE identification and total protein concentration of fermentation supernatants from recombinant strain secreting C3M4-CPP-eGFP at different fermentation time. Lane M: protein Marker; lane 1: 12 h; lane 2: 24 h; lane 3: 36 h; lane 4: 48 h; lane 5: 60 h; lane 6: 72 h; lane 7: 84 h; lane 8: 96 h; lane 9: 108 h; lane 10: 120 h; lane 11: 132 h; lane 12: 144 h. Black arrows indicated the target protein bands. |
2.5 目的蛋白纯化
图5 纯化产物SDS-PAGE鉴定A:Tricine-SDS-PAGE鉴定(泳道M:蛋白质Marker;泳道1:纯化产物C3M4;泳道2:纯化产物C3M4-CPP);B:SDS-PAGE鉴定(泳道M:蛋白质Marker;泳道1:纯化产物C3M4-eGFP;泳道2:纯化产物C3M4-CPP-eGFP)。 Fig.5 SDS-PAGE identification of purified products A: Tricine-SDS-PAGE identification (lane M: protein Marker; lane 1: purified product C3M4; lane 2: purified product C3M4-CPP); B: SDS-PAGE identification (lane M: protein Marker; lane 1: purified product C3M4-eGFP; lane 2: purified product C3M4-CPP-eGFP). |
2.6 纯化产物的体外生物活性鉴定
2.6.1 MIC和MBC
表1 纯化产物对受试菌株的MIC和MBCTable 1 MIC and MBC of purified products against tested strains μmol/L |
| 项目 Items | 革兰氏阴性菌Gram-negative bacteria | 革兰氏阳性菌Gram-positive bacteria | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 大肠杆菌 Escherichia coli | 鸡沙门氏菌 Salmonella gallinarum | 铜绿假单胞菌 Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 粪肠球菌 Enterococcus faecalis | 金黄色葡萄球菌 Staphylococcus aureus | 无乳链球菌 Streptococcus agalactiae | ||
| 最小抑菌浓度MIC | |||||||
| C3M4 | 7.15 | 7.15 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 3.58 | 14.30 | |
| C3M4-CPP | 6.67 | 6.67 | 13.34 | 13.34 | 3.34 | 13.34 | |
| C3M4-eGFP | 1.27 | 2.54 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 2.54 | 5.08 | |
| C3M4-CPP-eGFP | 1.21 | 1.21 | 1.21 | 2.43 | 1.21 | 2.43 | |
| 最小杀菌浓度MBC | |||||||
| C3M4 | 7.15 | 7.15 | 14.30 | 28.60 | 7.15 | 14.30 | |
| C3M4-CPP | 6.67 | 6.67 | 13.34 | 13.34 | 6.67 | 13.34 | |
| C3M4-eGFP | 2.54 | 2.54 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 5.08 | |
| C3M4-CPP-eGFP | 2.43 | 1.21 | 2.43 | 4.86 | 1.21 | 2.43 | |
2.6.2 高温、低pH及蛋白酶处理后稳定性
表2 不同处理条件下纯化产物对受试菌株的MICTable 2 MIC of purified products against tested strains under different treatment conditions μmol/L |
| 处理条件 Treatment conditions | 纯化产物 Purified products | 革兰氏阴性菌Gram-negative bacteria | 革兰氏阳性菌Gram-positive bacteria | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 大肠杆菌 Escherichia coli | 鸡沙门氏菌 Salmonella gallinarum | 铜绿假单胞菌 Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 粪肠球菌 Enterococcus faecalis | 金黄色葡萄球菌 Staphylococcus aureus | 无乳链球菌 Streptococcus agalactiae | ||||
| 未处理Untreated | C3M4 | 7.15 | 7.15 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 3.58 | 14.30 | ||
| C3M4-CPP | 6.67 | 6.67 | 13.34 | 13.34 | 3.34 | 13.34 | |||
| C3M4-eGFP | 1.27 | 2.54 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 2.54 | 5.08 | |||
| C3M4-CPP-eGFP | 1.21 | 1.21 | 1.21 | 2.43 | 1.21 | 2.43 | |||
| 100 ℃ | C3M4 | 7.15 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 7.15 | 14.30 | ||
| C3M4-CPP | 6.67 | 6.67 | 13.34 | 13.34 | 3.34 | 13.34 | |||
| C3M4-eGFP | 1.27 | 2.54 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 2.54 | 5.08 | |||
| C3M4-CPP-eGFP | 1.21 | 1.21 | 1.21 | 2.43 | 1.21 | 2.43 | |||
| pH 3.0 | C3M4 | 7.15 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 14.30 | ||
| C3M4-CPP | 6.67 | 6.67 | 13.34 | 13.34 | 6.67 | 13.34 | |||
| C3M4-eGFP | 1.27 | 2.54 | 5.08 | 10.17 | 2.54 | 5.08 | |||
| C3M4-CPP-eGFP | 1.21 | 1.21 | 1.21 | 4.86 | 1.21 | 2.43 | |||
| 胃蛋白酶Pepsin | C3M4 | 7.15 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 28.60 | 7.15 | 14.30 | ||
| C3M4-CPP | 6.67 | 6.67 | 13.34 | 26.68 | 6.68 | 13.34 | |||
| C3M4-eGFP | 2.54 | 2.54 | 5.08 | 10.17 | 2.54 | 5.08 | |||
| C3M4-CPP-eGFP | 1.21 | 1.21 | 2.43 | 4.86 | 1.21 | 2.43 | |||
| 胰蛋白酶Trypsin | C3M4 | 57.18 | 57.18 | 57.18 | 57.18 | 57.18 | 57.18 | ||
| C3M4-CPP | 53.38 | 53.38 | 53.38 | - | 53.38 | 53.38 | |||
| C3M4-eGFP | 10.17 | 10.17 | 10.17 | - | 10.17 | 10.17 | |||
| C3M4-CPP-eGFP | 9.71 | 9.71 | 9.71 | - | 9.71 | 9.71 | |||
“-”表示在最高受试浓度下仍未观察到抑菌效果。 | |
“-” indicates no antibacterial effect was observed at the maximum tested concentration. |
2.6.3 溶血活性
表3 红细胞溶血率达5%时纯化产物的浓度Table 3 Concentrations of purified products for 5% hemolysis rate of red blood cells μmol/L |
| 项目 Items | 猪红细胞 Porcine RBCs | 羊红细胞 Ovine RBCs | 鼠红细胞 Murine RBCs | 鸡红细胞 Chicken RBCs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C3M4 | 57.18 | 57.18 | - | 28.60 |
| C3M4-CPP | - | - | - | - |
| C3M4-eGFP | - | - | - | - |
| C3M4-CPP-eGFP | - | - | - | - |
“-”表示在最高受试浓度下红细胞溶血率仍未达到5%。 | |
“-” indicates that the hemolysis rate of red blood cells did not reach 5% at the maximum tested concentration. |

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