本研究旨在研究β-1，3-葡聚糖对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、体成分和生化指标的影响。选用640尾初体重为（0.43±0.01） g的凡纳滨对虾幼虾，随机分为4组，每组4个重复，每个重复40尾。Ⅰ组为对照组，饲喂基础饲料，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验组，分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加250、500、1 000 mg/kg β-1，3-葡聚糖的饲料，试验期为12周。结果显示，随着β-1，3-葡聚糖添加量的增加，凡纳滨对虾末重、增重率、特定生长率均呈现出先上升后下降的趋势，并均在Ⅱ组达到最高。与对照组相比，Ⅲ组的肝胰腺蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）；Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的肝胰腺淀粉酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）；Ⅱ组的血清总蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯和肝胰腺糖原含量显著升高（P<0.05）。肝胰腺谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性以及血清葡萄糖、肌肉糖原、胆固醇、甘油三酯含量各组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，Ⅳ组的血清过氧化氢酶和溶菌酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）；Ⅲ组血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）。血清超氧化物歧化酶和酸性磷酸酶活性在各组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。添加β-1，3-葡聚糖对凡纳滨对虾全虾水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和灰分含量没有显著影响（P>0.05）。由此得出：1)在饲料中长期添加250 mg/kg β-1，3-葡聚糖能够提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能，促进营养物质代谢；2)在饲料中长期添加500或1 000 mg/kg β-1，3-葡聚糖能够增强凡纳滨对虾的非特异性免疫功能。

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of β-1,3-glucan on growth performance, body composition and biochemical indices of Litopenaeus vannamei. Six hundred and forty shrimp of Litopenaeus vannamei with the initial body weight of (0.43±0.01) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates each and 40 shrimp in each replicate. Group Ⅰ, as the control group, was fed the basal diet, while groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, as trial groups, were fed the basal diets supplemented with 250, 500 and 1 000 mg/kg β-1,3-glucan, respectively. The results showed as follows: the final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth ratio (SGR) of Litopenaeus vannamei were increased firstly and then decreased with the β-1,3-glucan level increasing. The highest values of FBW, WGR and SGR were found in group Ⅱ. Compared with the control group, protease and lipase activities in hepatopancreas were significantly increased in group Ⅲ (P<0.05), while amylase activity in hepatopancreas was significantly increased in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). Total protein (TP), cholesterol (CHO) and triglyceride (TG) contents in serum, and glycogen content in hepatopancreas were higher in group Ⅱ than those in the control group (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activities in hepatopancreas, glucose (GLU) content in serum, and glycogen, CHO and TG contents in muscle among all groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, serum catalase (CAT) and lysozyme (LSZ) activities in group Ⅳ were significantly increased (P<0.05), and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in group Ⅲ was significantly increased (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities in serum among all groups (P>0.05). β-1,3-glucan supplementation could not affect the moisture, crude protein, ether extract and ash contents in the whole body of Litopenaeus vannamei (P>0.05). In conclusion, 1) long-term supplementation of 250 mg/kg β-1,3-glucan in diets can improve the growth performance, and promote the metabolism of nutrients in Litopenaeus vannamei; 2) long-term supplementation of 500 or 1 000 mg/kg β-1,3-glucan in diets can improve the non-specific immune ability in Litopenaeus vannamei.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010，22（5）:1464-1470］