副干酪乳杆菌发酵饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便菌群数量与挥发性脂肪酸含量以及血清生化和免疫指标的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.036

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摘要本试验旨在研究副干酪乳杆菌发酵饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便菌群数量与挥发性脂肪酸含量以及血清生化和免疫指标的影响。选取平均体重为（20.86±0.62）kg的健康"长×大"二元生长猪140头，随机分为2组（对照组和试验组），每组5个重复，每个重复14头。对照组生长猪饲喂基础饲粮，试验组生长猪饲喂由95%基础饲粮和5%副干酪乳杆菌发酵饲料组成的试验饲粮。预试期5 d，正试期31 d。结果显示：与对照组相比，1）试验组生长猪的末重和平均日增重分别提高了6.32%（P<0.05）和12.23%（P<0.05），料重比降低了8.58%（P<0.05）；2）试验组生长猪粪便中乳酸菌的数量显著提高（P<0.05），大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的数量显著降低（P<0.05）；3）试验组生长猪粪便中乙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸的含量分别提高了13.44%（P<0.05）、20.51%（P<0.05）和11.01%（P<0.05）；4）试验组生长猪血清中总蛋白、球蛋白、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白A的含量分别提高了18.85%（P<0.05）、33.31%（P<0.05）、15.85%（P<0.05）和45.86%（P<0.05），血清中尿素氮和结合珠蛋白的含量分别降低了19.29%（P<0.05）和52.72%（P<0.05）。以上结果表明，在饲粮中添加副干酪乳杆菌发酵饲料可提高生长猪的生长性能，调节肠道菌群平衡，增强机体免疫功能并增加粪便中挥发性脂肪酸的含量。

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关键词 ：副干酪乳杆菌发酵饲料, 生长猪, 生长性能, 粪便微生物, 挥发性脂肪酸, 免疫指标

Abstract：This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei-fermented feed on growth performance, fecal bacteria populations and volatile fatty acid contents, and serum biochemical and immune indexes of growing pigs. A total of 140 Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred growing pigs with an average body weight of (20.86±0.62) kg were divided into 2 groups:control group and experimental group. Each group had 5 replicates with 14 pigs per replicate. Pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet, and pigs in experimental group were fed an experimental diet which consisted of basal diet (95%) and Lactobacillus paracasei-fermented feed (5%). The pre-experimental period was 5 days, and the experimental period was 31 days. The results showed that, compared with the control group:1) the final weight and average daily gain were increased by 6.32% (P<0.05) and 12.23% (P<0.05), respectively, and the feed/gain was decreased by 8.58% (P<0.05) in the experimental group; 2) the population of fecal lactic acid bacteria was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the populations of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the experimental group; 3) the contents of acetic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid in feces in the experimental group were increased by 13.44% (P<0.05), 20.51% (P<0.05) and 11.01% (P<0.05), respectively; 4) the contents of serum total protein, globulin, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A were increased by 18.85% (P<0.05), 33.31% (P<0.05), 15.85% (P<0.05) and 45.86% (P<0.05), and the contents of serum urea nitrogen and haptoglobin were decreased by 19.29% (P<0.05) and 52.72% (P<0.05) in the experimental group, respectively. The results indicate that Lactobacillus paracasei-fermented feed can improve the growth performance, regulate the intestinal microbial balance, enhance the immune function and increase the contents of volatile fatty acids in feces of growing pigs.

Key words： Lactobacillus paracasei-fermented feed growing pig growth performance fecal microflora volatile fatty acid immune indexes

收稿日期: 2019-01-16

PACS:

S816

基金资助:生猪产业技术体系北京市创新团队建设项目（BAIC02-2018）；北京市农林科学院青年科研基金（QNJJ201812）；北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项（KJCX20161503）

通讯作者: 季海峰,研究员,E-mail:jhf207@126.com E-mail: jhf207@126.com

作者简介: 刘辉(1978-),男,山东济南人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为动物营养与饲料。E-mail:liuh1860@sina.com

引用本文:

刘辉, 季海峰, 王四新, 张董燕, 王晶, 张伟, 王雅民. 副干酪乳杆菌发酵饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便菌群数量与挥发性脂肪酸含量以及血清生化和免疫指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019, 31(8): 3747-3754.
LIU Hui, JI Haifeng, WANG Sixin, ZHANG Dongyan, WANG Jing, ZHANG Wei, WANG Yamin. Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei-Fermented Feed on Growth Performance, Fecal Bacteria Populations and Volatile Fatty Acid Contents, and Serum Biochemical and Immune Indexes of Growing Pigs. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(8): 3747-3754.

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