A Survey on Distribution of Iron Content in Feedstuff Resources for Livestock and Poultry in China
MA Xuelian1, ZHANG Liyang1, WANG Liangzhi2, LIU Dongyuan3, LYU Lin1, LIAO Xiudong1, LUO Xugang1
1. Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. Southwest Minzu University, College of Life Science and Technology, Chengdu 610041, China;
3. Beijing Yuanchuang Zhihui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100020, China
Abstract：The objective of this survey was to study the distribution of iron (Fe) content in various feedstuffs from different regions of China, as well as the Fe contents in the basal dies of livestock and poultry in China, so as to provide a basis for reasonable supplementation of Fe in diets. The Fe content of 37 kinds of feedstuffs of livestock and poultry from totally 3 719 samples collected from 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China were analyzed by IRIS Intrepid Ⅱ plasma emission spectrometer after microwave digestion. The results showed that the average Fe contents of these 37 kinds of feedstuffs ranged from 21.3 to 2 472.0 mg/kg, and the distribution rule of average Fe contents in feedstuffs was as follows:mineral feeds (1 178 mg/kg) > animal protein feeds (1 030 mg/kg) > pasture feeds (433 mg/kg) > straw feeds (403 mg/kg) > cereal seed by-products (260 mg/kg) > plant protein feeds (181 mg/kg) > cereal seed feeds (71.2 mg/kg). The Fe contents of the same feedstuff from different provinces (autonomous regions) had significant differences (P<0.05) compared with the Fe contents of corn, wheat and soybean meal between different provinces (autonomous regions). Calculated Fe contents from 142 feed formulations commonly used by pigs and chicks of our country ranged from 70.6 to 86.1 mg/kg. According to Fe requirements of livestock and poultry from feeding standards of China (2004) and NRC (1994), the total Fe contents in the basal diets could meet about 4/5 of the Fe nutrition requirements of pigs and chicks in the early stage and meet the Fe nutrition requirements of pigs and chicks in the later stage. However, the bioavailability of Fe in different feed ingredients had not be considered in above evaluation. In conclusion, the content of Fe in feedstuffs vary greatly in different kinds and regions. The total Fe content in the basal diets can provide most of the Fe nutrient requirements of pigs and chicks in the whole growth period all over the country. Therefore, in the actual production, the total Fe content and its bioavailability of basal diets in different regions should be considered in the preparation of diets, so as to formulate the diets accurately as well as meet the need of efficient production of livestock and poultry and reduce the environmental pollution caused by Fe addition and emission.
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MA Xuelian, ZHANG Liyang, WANG Liangzhi, LIU Dongyuan, LYU Lin, LIAO Xiudong, LUO Xugang. A Survey on Distribution of Iron Content in Feedstuff Resources for Livestock and Poultry in China. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(8): 3821-3829.
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