亚麻籽对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉质和脂肪酸组成的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.09.014

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摘要本试验旨在研究饲粮添加亚麻籽对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉质和脂肪酸组成的影响。试验选用（52.31±2.28）kg的生长猪72头，按体重随机分为3组，每组4个重复，每个重复6头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加5%和10%亚麻籽的饲粮。试验分2个阶段（50~80 kg和81~110 kg），每个阶段结束时对猪进行称重，试验结束后每栏选2头接近平均体重猪进行麻醉屠宰。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，饲粮添加5%和10%亚麻籽显著降低了生长育肥猪50~80 kg阶段平均日采食量、料重比及50~110 kg阶段料重比（P<0.05），并且10%添加量还显著提高了50~80 kg阶段平均日增重（P<0.05）。2）饲粮添加亚麻籽能显著增加生长育肥猪眼肌面积（P<0.05），但对胴体长、屠宰率、平均背膘厚等胴体性状无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）饲粮添加5%和10%亚麻籽能显著降低生长育肥猪背最长肌n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）值（P<0.05），显著提高α-亚麻酸、二十二碳烯酸、二十二碳二烯酸含量及PUFA总含量（P<0.05），且当添加量达到10%时，还能显著提高背最长肌中油酸和亚油酸含量（P<0.05）。结果提示，亚麻籽能一定程度提高生长育肥猪生长性能，增加背最长肌中n-3 PUFA含量，降低n-6/n-3 PUFA值，且对胴体性状及肉质无负面影响。

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关键词 ：亚麻籽, 生长育肥猪, 生长性能, 胴体性状, 肉质, 脂肪酸组成

Abstract：This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary flaxseed on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and fatty acid composition of growing-finishing pigs. Seventy-two growing-finishing pigs with average body weight of (52.31±2.28) kg were randomly allotted into 3 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 6 pigs in each replicate. Pig in the control group were fed a basal diet, while those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 5% and 10% flaxseed, respectively. The entire experiment was divided into two phases (50 to 80 kg and 81 to 110 kg body weight), and all pigs were weighted at the end of each phase. In the end, two pigs with average body weight in each replicate were anaesthetized and slaughtered. The results were showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, 5% and 10% flaxseed supplementation significantly decreased average feed intake and feed to gain ratio of pigs in 50 to 80 kg phase and significantly deceased feed to gain ratio of pigs in 50 to 110 kg phase (P<0.05). Meanwhile, 10% flaxseed supplementation significantly increased average daily gain of pigs in 50 to 80 kg period (P<0.05). 2) The flaxseed supplementation significantly increased eye muscle area (P<0.05), while no significant differences were observed on carcass length, slaughter rate and average backfat thickness of pigs (P>0.05). 3) 5% and 10% flaxseed supplementation significantly decreased the ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (P<0.05), significantly increased the contents of α-linoleic acid, decosahedaenoic acid, docosadienoic acid and total PUFA (P<0.05). Moreover, when the supplementation level reached 10%, the contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid in longissimus dorsi were significantly increased (P<0.05). These results indicate that the supplementation of flaxseed can improve growth performance, increase n-3 PUFA content and decrease n-6 to n-3 PUFA ratio in longissimus dorsi, and show no negative effects on carcass traits and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs.

Key words： flaxseed growing-finishing pigs growth performance carcass traits meat quality fatty acid composition

收稿日期: 2019-02-25

PACS:

S828

基金资助:浙江省重点研发项目（2018C02044）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-36）；浙江省畜禽新品种选育重大科技专项（2016C02054）

通讯作者: 徐子伟,研究员,博士生导师,E-mail:xzwfyz@sina.com E-mail: xzwfyz@sina.com

作者简介: 邓波(1972-),男,黑龙江呼兰人,研究员,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:hljdengbo@126.com

引用本文:

邓波, 门小明, 吴杰, 吕金辉, 卢德秋, 冯尚连, 徐子伟. 亚麻籽对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉质和脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019, 31(9): 4024-4032.
DENG Bo, MEN Xiaoming, WU Jie, LYU Jinhui, LU Deqiu, FENG Shanglian, XU Ziwei. Effect of Flaxseed on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Composition of Growing-Finishing Pigs. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(9): 4024-4032.

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http://www.chinajan.com/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.09.014 或 http://www.chinajan.com/CN/Y2019/V31/I9/4024

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