Effects of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, Plant Essential Oil and Benzoic Acid on Performance, Egg Quality and Intestinal Morphology of Laying Hens
GONG Haojie, DING Xuemei, BAI Shiping, ZENG Qiufeng, ZHANG Keying, SHEN Pan, WANG Jianping
Sichuan Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Abstract：The experiment was conducted to study the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (HyD), plant essential oil and benzoic acid on performance, egg quality and intestinal morphology of laying hens. Using a single-factor design, a total of 1 200 Lohmann Pink-eggshell layers during late-laying phase (45-week-old) were randomly allotted into 5 groups with 10 replicates for each group and 24 chickens for each replicate. Chicks in the control group were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, while those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.069 mg/kg HyD (HYD group), 0.069 mg/kg HyD+150 mg/kg plant essential oil (PEO group), 1 000 mg/kg benzoic acid (BA1 group) and 2 000 mg/kg benzoic acid (BA2 group), respectively. The pre-trial period was 4 weeks and the trial period was 16 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the average daily feed intake of laying hens from 1 to 4 weeks in PEO group, BA1 group and BA2 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the feed-to-egg ratio was also significantly decreased (P<0.05). The average egg weight of laying hens from 1 to 4 weeks and 13 to 16 weeks in BA2 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, the egg shell thickness in PEO group was significantly increased at week 4 (P<0.05), the egg shell thickness in the experimental groups was significantly increased at week 8 (P<0.05), and the albumen height and Haugh unit in PEO group, BA1 group and BA2 group were significantly increased at week 16 (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the breaking egg rate and the incidence of translucent eggs in the experimental groups were decreased. 4) Compared with the control group, the villus height in duodenum of layers in HYD group, PEO group and BA1 group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the villus height to crypt depth ratio in duodenum of layers in PEO group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the villus height in jejunum of layers in PEO group was significantly increased (P<0.05). 5) Compared with the control group, the tibia strength of layers in HYD group and PEO group was significantly improved (P<0.05). 6) Compared with the control group, the serum contents of follicle-stimulating hormone and calcium of layers in HYD group and PEO group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The results indicate that dietary HyD or dietary HyD and plant essential oil can improve the performance, egg and tibia quality and intestinal morphology of laying hens during late laying period, while dietary HyD, HyD+plant essential oil and low dose of benzoic acid can reduce the breaking egg rate and the incidence of translucent eggs, but the high dose of benzoic acid can reduce the feed intake of laying hens in the first 4 weeks, thus affecting the egg production performance.
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