本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加三聚氰胺对肉鸡生长性能和健康的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计，分别在玉米-豆粕型饲粮中添加0(对照组)、250、500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg三聚氰胺，将375只1日龄健康艾维茵白羽肉鸡随机分到以上5个处理中，每个处理5个重复，每个重复15只鸡。试验期42 d，于21、42 d以重复为单位空腹称重，计算采食量、体增重和料重比；并于22和43 d翅下静脉采血，分离血清，测定血清中尿素氮、肌酐含量，谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性，组织病理学切片观察十二指肠和肾脏的损伤情况。结果表明：1）饲粮中添加三聚氰胺对肉鸡平均采食量和平均体增重无显著影响（P>0.05），但添加量为1 000和2 000 mg/kg时平均体增重有下降的趋势。在22~42 d，1 000 mg/kg组的料重比与对照组比显著增加（P<0.05）。2）饲粮三聚氰胺水平达到或高于500 mg/kg时，肉鸡血清谷草转氨酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）；饲粮中添加三聚氰胺显著提高血清中谷丙转氨酶活性、肌酐和22 d尿素氮的含量(P<0.05)。3）饲粮三聚氰胺水平达到或高于250 mg/kg时，十二指肠形态结构、肾脏肾小球和肾小管的损伤程度也随着饲粮三聚氰胺水平的增加而加剧。本研究结果显示，饲粮中添加三聚氰胺达到或高于1 000 mg/kg时对肉鸡的生长性能有负面影响，达到或高于250 mg/kg时对肉鸡健康有负面影响，其伤害程度也随三聚氰胺水平增加而加剧。

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation of melamine in diets on growth performance and health of broilers. A single factor trial design was adopted, and a total of 375 one-day-old healthy Avian white feather broilers were randomly allotted to 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 15 chicks per replicate. Broilers were fed with the corn-soybean meal basal diets with 0 (control group), 250, 500, 1 000, and 2 000 mg/kg melamine, respectively. The trial lasted for 43 d. On d 21 and 42, broilers were weighed, and average body weight gain (ABWG), average feed intake (AFI), and feed/gain (F/G) were calculated on the basis of a replicate. On d 22 and 43, broilers were sacrificed to take the samples of duodenum, kidney and blood. Blood samples were collected to analyze the contents of creatinine (CRE) and urea nitrogen (UN), and the activities of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in serum. Fresh samples of kidney and duodenum were evaluated via light microscopy. The results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences in AFI and ABGW among all groups (P>0.05), but there was a trend of decrease in ABGW of 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg groups. The F/G of 1 000 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of the control group on d 21 to 42 (P<0.05). 2) The activity of GOT in serum was significantly increased when the supplemental level of melamine was 500 mg/kg or higher (P<0.05), and the activity of GPT, the contents of urea nitrogen on d 22 and creatinine in serum were significantly increased (P<0.05). 3) The kidney and duodenum damages were severer with the increasing of melamine supplemental level when it was 250 mg/kg or higher. In conclusion, 1 000 mg/kg or more melamine inhibits the growth performance, while 250 mg/kg or more melamine damages the health of broilers, and the damages are exacerbated as melamine level increases.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010，22（6）:1694-1702］