温室气体排放量逐年增加，温室效应日趋严重。大气中二氧化碳（CO2）浓度在2009年达到387 μL/L，为历史最高值。本文综述了目前的全球碳排放情况、各国近期的减排目标、温室气体的来源、农业对温室气体的贡献量，并且从提高奶牛生产性能、调控瘤胃内环境和降低粪便中温室气体排放量等几个方面提出了降低反刍动物养殖业温室气体排放量的技术措施。

Greenhouse gases emissions are increased year by year, and greenhouse effect has become more serious. The carbon dioxide content in the air peaked 387 μL/L in 2009. The article has summarized the situation of current global carbon emissions, recent emission reduction targets, sources of greenhouse gases, and the contribution of agriculture to the amount of greenhouse gases. This paper also proposed several scientific measures to reduce greenhouse gases emissions from ruminant production, such as improving the performance of ruminants, regulating the ruminal fermentation, and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases in feces.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010，22（1）:2-9］