本试验旨在研究饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对草鱼生长性能、免疫和抗氧化功能的影响。选取平均体重为（51.0±2.3） g的健康草鱼300尾，随机分成2组（对照组和试验组），每组3个重复，每个重复50尾鱼。对照组饲喂基础饲料，试验组饲喂试验饲料（含枯草芽孢杆菌1×105 CFU/g）。试验期为45 d。结果表明，试验组草鱼的增重率和特定生长率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，试验组草鱼血清中免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、补体3（C3）含量和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著升高（P<0.05），而髓过氧化物酶(MPO)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性则显著降低（P<0.05）。饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对草鱼血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白含量，白球比以及溶菌酶（LZM）和谷草转氨酶（GOT）活性无显著影响（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，试验组草鱼血清和肝胰脏中总抗氧化力（T-AOC），过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性以及肝胰脏中还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量显著升高（P<0.05），而血清和肝胰脏中丙二醛（MDA）含量和抗超氧阴离子自由基活性则显著降低（P<0.05）。由此得出，在饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可提高草鱼的免疫和抗氧化功能，进而促进草鱼生长。
The effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, immunity and antioxidant function of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) were studied in this experiment. Three hundred healthy grass carp with an average body weight of （51.0±2.3） g were randomly divided into 2 groups (control group and experimental group) with 3 replicates per group and 50 fish per replicate. The fish in the control group and experimental group were fed a basal diet and an experimental diet (the basal diet supplemented with B. subtilis at the dose of 1×105 CFU/g), respectively. The experiment lasted for 45 d. The results showed as follows: the ratio of weight to gain and special growth ratio of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the contents of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement 3 (C3) and the activity of serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) of the experimental group were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) of the experimental group were significantly decreased (P<0.05) However, the contents of serum total protein, globulin and albumin, albumin to globulin ratio, the activities of lysozyme (LZM) and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) were not affected by B. subtilis supplementation (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the total anti-oxidation capability (T-AOC), the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum and hepatopancreas, and the hepatopancreas GSH content of the experimental group were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and anti-O-2· activity in serum and hepatopancreas of the experimental group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). These results indicate that dietary B. subtilis can significantly promote the immunity and antioxidant function to increase the growth of grass carp.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（5）：881 -886］
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