本试验旨在研究十八碳脂肪酸[硬脂酸（C18∶0）、油酸（C18∶1）、亚油酸（C18∶2）和亚麻酸（C18∶3）]对奶牛血液脂肪酸组成、生化指标及抗氧化指标的影响。选用5头安装永久性十二指肠瘘管经产荷斯坦奶牛[泌乳日龄(140±7) d]进行5×5拉丁方试验，分别从十二指肠灌注154 g/（d·头）C18∶0+216 g/（d·头）C18∶1+18 g/（d·头）C18∶2+12 g/（d·头）C18∶3(处理1)，其余各处理分别为154 g/（d·头）C18∶0 +216 g/（d·头）C18∶1+18 g/（d·头）C18∶2(处理2)，154 g/（d·头）C18∶0 +216 g/（d·头）C18∶1+12 g/（d·头）C18∶3(处理3)，154 g/（d·头）C18∶0 + 18 g/（d·头）C18∶2+12 g/（d·头）C18∶3(处理4)和216 g/（d·头）C18∶1+18 g/（d·头）C18∶2+12 g/（d·头）C18∶3(处理5)。结果表明：与处理1相比，处理4血液脂肪酸C18∶1含量降低46.38%(P<0.10)，同时C18∶3含量和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量显著提高(P<0.05)；处理2血液脂肪酸中C18∶3含量显著下降(P<0.05)；灌注C18∶2和C18∶0对血液中相应脂肪酸含量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。各处理间血液生化指标没有显著差异(P>0.05)。血液中C18∶3含量提高使血液中过氧化指数(IP)升高(P<0.05)，但对其他抗氧化指标没有显著影响(P>0.05)。结果提示，血液中C18∶3含量受外源途径和其他类型脂肪酸的影响高于其他十八碳脂肪酸，但各处理对血液生化指标和抗氧化指数影响均不显著。
The objective of this study was to investigate what effects of infusing various stearic acid(C18∶0)，oleic acid(C18∶1), linoleic acid (C18∶2) and linolenic acid(C18∶3) into duodenum would have on the following blood parameters of dairy cows: fatty acids composition, biochemical and oxidation indices. A 5×5 Latin design was used in this experiment. Five multiparous Holstein cows [(140±7) DIM] with permanent duodenum cannulas were infused in duodenum with a mixture of [154 g/(d·head) C18∶0+216 g/(d·head) C18∶1+18 g/(d·head) C18∶2+12 g/(d·head) C18∶3] (treatment 1), [154 g/(d·head) C18∶0+216 g/(d·head) C18∶1+18 g/(d·head) C18∶2] (treatment 2)，[154 g/(d·head) C18∶0+216 g/(d·head) C18∶1+12 g/(d·head) C18∶3] (treatment 3)，[154 g/(d·head) C18∶0+18 g/(d·head) C18∶2+12 g/(d·head) C18∶3] (treatment 4) and [216 g/(d·head) C18∶1+18 g/(d·head) C18∶2+12 g/(d·head) C18∶3] (treatment 5). Compared with treatment 1, treatment 4 decreased the concentration of C18∶1 numerically by 46% in blood, and caused the concentrations of C18∶3 and polyunsaturated fatty acid increased (P<0.05); the percentage of C18∶3 decreased in blood when treatment 2 was infused (P<0.05); whereas treatment 3 and treatment 5 showed no influence on percentages of C18∶2 and C18∶0 or other 18C fatty acids in blood (P>0.05). Blood biochemical indices were not observed to be significant differences among the 5 treatments (P>0.05). Index of peroxidation (IP) increased when the percentage of C18∶3 increased in blood (P<0.05), whereas other anti-oxidant indexes had no significant differences among the 5 treatments (P>0.05). These results indicate that C18∶3 content are more sensitive to exogenous fatty acids and their composition compared with other 18C fatty acids in blood of dairy cows. The changes of fatty acids composition in blood can not significantly influence blood biochemical and oxidative indices.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（7）：1123 -1129］
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