本试验旨在研究饲粮不同粗蛋白质和钙水平对种公鸡繁殖性能和血液生化指标的影响。选择21周龄新扬州种公鸡135只，按照两因素完全随机区组法随机分成9组，分别饲喂高、中、低（粗蛋白质水平为17%、14%和11%，钙水平为3.3%、2.3%和1.3%）3个水平的9种饲粮，每组3个重复，每个重复5只，繁殖期全程饲养。结果表明：1）低蛋白质低钙组种公鸡的精子密度最大（P>0.05），且有效精子数最多，与低蛋白质中钙组、高蛋白质中钙组和高蛋白质高钙组差异显著（P<0.05）；中蛋白质高钙组种公鸡精液量最大，显著高于高蛋白质中钙组和高蛋白质高钙组（P<0.05），但与其他组差异不显著（P>0.05）；低蛋白质低钙组和中蛋白质3个钙水平组种公鸡精子活力较高，组间差异不显著（P>0.05），但显著或极显著高于低蛋白质中钙组、低蛋白质高钙组和高蛋白质中钙组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。2）高蛋白质中钙组种公鸡血清总蛋白含量最高，显著或极显著高于除低蛋白质低钙组和低蛋白质中钙组外的其余各组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；低蛋白质低钙组种公鸡血清白蛋白含量最高，与中蛋白质中钙组差异显著（P<0.05）；高蛋白质中钙组种公鸡血清中球蛋白含量最高，显著或极显著高于低蛋白质高钙组和高蛋白质其他钙水平组（P<0.05或P<0.01），但与其他组均差异不显著（P>0.05）；低蛋白质低钙组、中蛋白质高钙组和高蛋白中钙组种公鸡血清中谷草转氨酶活性较高，显著或极显著高于低蛋白质高钙组、中蛋白质低钙组和中蛋白质中钙组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；低蛋白质3种钙水平组、中蛋白质低钙组和中蛋白质中钙组种公鸡血清中尿酸含量较低，与其他组差异显著或极显著（P<0.05或P<0.01）。低蛋白质高钙组种公鸡血清中尿素氮含量最低，显著低于高蛋白质高钙组（P<0.05），但与其他组均差异不显著（P>0.05）。高蛋白质高钙组甘油三酯含量最低，显著或极显著低于除中蛋白质低钙组外的其他各组（P<0.05或P<0.01），其他组间均差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）中蛋白质高钙组和高蛋白质高钙组种公鸡血浆中T3含量较低，显著低于中蛋白质低钙组和中蛋白质中钙组（P<0.05）；低蛋白质低钙组、中蛋白质中钙组和高蛋白质中钙组和高蛋白质高钙组T4含量较高，显著或极显著高于其他组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；高蛋白质高钙组种公鸡血浆中皮质醇含量最高，极显著高于高蛋白质低钙组（P<0.01），但与低蛋白质3个钙水平组差异不显著（P>0.05）。总的来说，采用低蛋白质低钙水平的饲粮饲喂蛋用种公鸡，可获得比高蛋白质高钙饲粮更好的繁殖力，获得较高的经济效益。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) and calcium (Ca) levels during the overall breeding period on reproductive performance and blood biochemical indices of breeder roosters. A total of 135 new Yangzhou breeder roosters at 21 weeks of age were randomly divided into
9 groups with 3 replicates each and 5 roosters each replicate. The roosters were fed with 9 different diets designed by a 2×3 factorial arrangement with three crude protein levels (17%, 14% and 11%) and three calcium levels (3.3%, 2.3% and 1.3%) and the same other nutrition levels during the overall breeding period. The results showed as follows: 1） the roosters in 11% CP+1.3% Ca group had the maximum density of sperm （P>0.05）, and the number of available sperm was the largest, which significantly higher than that in 11% CP+2.3% Ca group, 17% CP+2.3% Ca group and 17% CP+3.3% Ca group （P<0.05）. The roosters in 14% CP+3.3% Ca group had the largest amount of semen, which significantly higher than that in 17% CP+2.3% Ca group and 17% CP+3.3% Ca group （P<0.05）, but not significantly higher than that in the others （P>0.05）. The roosters in 11% CP+1.3% Ca group and 14% CP group (with 1.3%, 2.3% and 3.3% calcium) had the higher sperm motility, there was no significant difference among them （P>0.05）, but which significantly higher than that in 11% CP+2.3% Ca group, 11% CP+3.3% Ca group and 17% CP+2.3% Ca group （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. 2） The roosters in 17% CP+2.3% Ca group had the highest content of total protein in serum, which significantly higher than that in the other groups except for 11% CP+1.3% Ca group and 11% CP+2.3% Ca group （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The roosters in 11% CP+1.3% Ca group had the highest content of albumin in serum, which significantly higher than that in 14% CP+2.3% Ca group （P<0.05）. The content of globulin in serum of roosters in 17% CP+2.3% Ca group was the highest, and significantly higher than that in 11% CP+3.3% Ca group and 17% CP groups （P<0.05 or P<0.01）, but not significantly higher than that in the others （P>0.05）. The activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in serum of roosters in 11% CP+1.3% Ca group, 14% CP+3.3% Ca group and 17% CP+2.3% Ca group was higher, and significantly higher than that in 11% CP+3.3% Ca group, 14% CP+1.3% Ca group and 14% CP+2.3% Ca group （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The uric acid content in serum of roosters in 11% CP groups, 14% CP+1.3% Ca group and 14% CP+2.3% Ca group was lower, and significantly lower than that in the others （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The roosters in 11% CP+3.3% Ca group had the lowest content of ureal nitrogen in serum, which significantly lower than that in 17% CP+3.3% Ca group （P<0.05）, but not significantly lower than that in the others （P>0.05）. The roosters in 17% CP+3.3% Ca group had the lowest content of triglyceride in serum （P<0.05）, which significantly lower than that in the other groups except for 14% CP+1.3% Ca group （P<0.05 or P<0.01）, but there were no significant differences among the other groups （P>0.05）. 3） The roosters in 14% CP+3.3% Ca group and 17% CP+3.3% Ca group had the lower content of T3 in plasma, which significantly lower than that in 14% CP+1.3% Ca group and 14% CP+2.3% Ca group （P<0.05）. The roosters in 11% CP+1.3% Ca group, 14% CP+2.3% Ca group, 17% CP+2.3% Ca group and 17% CP+3.3% Ca group had the higher content of T4 in plasma, which significantly higher than that in the others （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The roosters in 17% CP+3.3% Ca group had the highest content of corticoids, which significantly higher than that in 17% CP+1.3% Ca group （P<0.01）, but not significantly higher than that in 11% CP groups （P>0.05）. In general, the roosters fed the diet with low crude protein and calcium levels can achieve better fertility and higher economic efficiency than that fed the diet with high crude protein and calcium levels.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（8）：1280 -1288］