本研究旨在考察富含多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acid，PUFA)的不同植物油和L-肉碱的不同添加方式对种公猪精液品质、性欲、精子脂肪酸组成及精液抗氧化性能的影响。试验选用30头年龄、体况相近的成年皮特兰×杜洛克杂交种公猪，随机分为3组，每组设10个重复，每个重复1头猪。试验组公猪分别饲喂添加1.5%大豆油（试验组1）、1.5%大豆油+200 mg/kg L-肉碱（试验组2）、0.3%大豆油+1.2%亚麻油+200 mg/kg L-肉碱（试验组3）的饲粮。饲养试验共16周。结果表明：试验组3公猪精液量和射精持续时间均极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01)，且反应时间极显著低于其他各组(P<0.01)，精子活力极显著高于试验组1（P<0.01），精子密度高于试验组1，但差异不显著（P＞0.05）；8~16周时，试验组3公猪精子中二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，n-3）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），试验组1公猪精液中丙二醛（MDA）含量极显著高于其他各组（P<0.01）。结果提示，饲粮添加亚麻油和L-肉碱可以通过增强公猪性欲、增加精子中DHA的含量以及精液抗氧化性能，从而提高种公猪的精液产量、精子活力和精子密度。
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids of different vegetable oils and L-carnitine on boar libido, semen characteristics, fatty acid composition of sperm and semen antioxidant properties. Thirty adult Pietrain×Duroc hybrid boars with similar age and body condition were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 replicates and 1 pig in each replicate. The diet of group 1 was supplemented with 1.5% soybean oil; group 2 was supplemented with 1.5% soybean oil+200 mg/kg L-carnitine; group 3 was supplemented with 0.3% of soybean oil+1.2% flax seed oil+200 mg/kg L-carnitine. The feeding trial lasted for 16 weeks. The results showed that the semen volume and ejaculation duration of boars in group 3 were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (P<0.01), and the reaction time was significantly less than those in the other groups (P<0.01). The sperm motility of boars in group 3 was significantly higher than that of the boars in group 1 (P<0.01), and the sperm density was higher than that of the boars in group 1 (P＞0.05). During 8 to 16 weeks, the sperm docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, n-3) content and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of boars in group 3 were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05). The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in semen of boars in group 1 was significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.01) during 8 to 16 weeks. The results suggest that dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and L-carnitine could enhance the boar libido, increase the sperm DHA content and semen antioxidant properties, and finally improve the boar semen production, sperm motility and sperm density.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（8）：1361 -1369］
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