本试验旨在研究饲粮汞污染对蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、血清抗氧化指标的影响以及汞在鸡蛋中的残留情况。选取40周龄巴布考克B300褐壳蛋鸡192羽，随机分成4组:对照组、试验1（T1）组、试验2（T2）组、试验3（T3）组，每组3个重复，每个重复16羽。分别饲喂基础饲粮（汞含量为21.56 μg/kg）、基础饲粮+1 mg/kg汞(氯化汞，以汞计，下同)、基础饲粮+3 mg/kg汞、基础饲粮+9 mg/kg汞，试验期9周。结果表明，采食含有不同浓度汞的饲粮9周后，1)T2组平均蛋重显著降低(P<0.05)，随着汞添加水平的逐步增加，平均日采食量逐渐下降，但各组差异不显著（P>0.05）。2)各组鸡蛋中总汞含量分别为0.004 0、0.010 0、0.026 6及0.054 4 mg/kg，各试验组均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），且呈剂量-效应关系。3)T3组蛋壳厚度显著下降，较对照组、T1组和T2组分别低7.5%（P<0.05）、11.9%(P<0.05)和2.6%(P>0.05),呈剂量-效应关系趋势；T3组蛋黄颜色指数低于对照组31.1%(P<0.05)；T2组蛋白高度和哈氏单位显著下降(P<0.05)。4)T2组和T3组血清丙二醛含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,且随着汞添加水平的增加，丙二醛含量显著上升（P<0.05），呈现剂量-效应关系。综上所述，饲料中汞污染可以致使蛋品质下降，并造成汞在鸡蛋中的残留，尤其是当汞添加水平达到9 mg/kg时鸡蛋中汞残留量将会超过GB 2762—1994相关规定。同时，汞可以导致蛋鸡一定程度脂质过氧化，造成氧化应激。
关键词：
汞; 产蛋性能; 蛋品质; 抗氧化; 蛋鸡
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary mercury pollution on laying performance, egg quality and serum anti-oxidative indices in laying hens and mercury residual in eggs. A total of 192 Babcock brown laying hens with 40 weeks of age were allocated to four treatments (control group, T1, T2, and T3), each of which included 3 replicates with 16 hens per replicate. Hens were fed the same basal diet contained 21.56 μg/kg mercury. Mercury (from HgCl2) was added to the basal diet at 0, 1, 3 and 9 mg/kg, respectively. The experiment lasted for 9 weeks. Results showed as follows: adding mercury for 9 weeks, 1) the average egg weight of T2 was significantly reduced (P<0.05); the average daily feed intake was reduced with the increase of the supplemental level of mercury, but there was no significant difference among all treatments (P>0.05). 2) Mercury concentration in eggs of the control group, T1, T2, and T3 was 0.004 0, 0.010 0, 0.026 6, and 0.054 4 mg/kg, respectively, which of T1, T2, and T3 was all significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and there was a dose-effect relationship. 3) Shell thickness of T3 was decreased by 7.5% （P<0.05）, 11.9% (P<0.05) and 2.6% (P>0.05) compared with the control group, T1, and T2, respectively, and there was a dose-effect relationship. Yolk color of T3 was decreased by 31.1% compared with the control group (P<0.05), and albumen height and Haugh unit of T2 were significantly reduced (P<0.05). 4) Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum of T2 and T3 was significantly higher than that of the control group （P<0.05）, and significantly increased as the mercury supplemental level in diets increased （P<0.05）. There was also a dose-effect relationship for MDA content in serum. In conclusion, The dietary mercury pollution can reduce the egg quality and remain in eggs, especially when the mercury supplemental level rises to 9 mg/kg, the mercury concentration in eggs will exceed the standard of GB 2762—1994. Meanwhile, mercury can cause lipid peroxidation and induce to oxidative stress to laying hens.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（9）：1600 -1607］
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